Microbiome unlocks cancer immunotherapeutic potential: state of the art and future.

Immunotherapy has overturned the traditional perception of cancer treatment and brought new vitality to the field of oncology, but it still has unresolved problems such as a low response rate and severe side effects. The microbiome has been found to be involved in tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis and immunity modulation. Especially in immunity, the microbiome plays a key role through delicate mechanisms that regulate the immune response not only from the whole body to the local tumor microenvironment but also from innate to adaptive immunity.

"Inner swelling-outer restraint" strategy to fabricate poly (vinyl alcohol)/MoS-poly (vinyl alcohol)/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Janus hydrogel for pressure-bearing cartilage replacement.

Due to the poor regeneration ability of cartilage tissue, the design and fabrication of permanent hydrogel cartilage scaffolds with mechanical properties matching is still an urgent challenge. In this study, we propose an "inner swelling-outer restraint" strategy to construct Janus hydrogel for pressure-bearing cartilage replacement, which is inspired by the "Lamina-splendens" structure of cartilage. As a proof of concept, the poly(vinyl alcohol)/carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (PVA/CMCNa) layer is designed to capture more fluid by introducing negatively charged aggregates, while the macromolecular conformation of the PVA/MoS layer can be densified through wet annealing, thereby increasing the liquid permeation resistance of the PVA/CMCNa layer.

The renoprotective anti-hyperuricemia effect of Cornus officinalis extract in hyperuricemia rats based on network pharmacology and multiple omics.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Corus officinalis Siebold & Zucc belongs to the genus Cornus in the Cornaceae family, and was first recorded in the "Shennong Herbal Classic", now has been included in "according to the tradition of both food and Chinese herbal medicines", consist of kidney and liver tonifying, antioxidant substances including cycloid glycosides, flavonoids, polyphenols, organic acids, etc. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study was aimed at discovering the mechanism underlying the anti-hyperemia effect of Cor in rats, particularly its protective effect against liver and kidney dysfunction caused by HUA.

Materials And Methods: In this study, the effect of Cor extract against HUA was verified in rats, subsequently, network pharmacology combined with non-targeted metabolomic were performed to investigate its composition characteristics, and further multi-omics studies and molecular validation were performed to reveal molecular mechanism both in vivo and in vitro.

A Safe and Broad-spectrum SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine with a New Delivery System for In-situ Expression.

Since the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019, the cumulative number of confirmed cases worldwide has surpassed 778 million, and the number of deaths has exceeded 7 million, posing a significant threat to human life and health while inflicting enormous losses on the global economy. At the stage where sequential immunization is recommended, there is a pressing demand for mRNA vaccines that can be rapidly adapted to new sequences, are easy to industrialize, and exhibit high safety and effectiveness. We developed a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) system, designated as WNP, which facilitates essentially in situ expression at the injection site and results in lower levels of pro-inflammatory factors in the liver, thus enhancing its safety compared to liver-targeted alternatives.

Effects of Geniposide on Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Neuron Damage by Inhibiting Autophagy via cGAS-STING.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Geniposide (GEN) against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by targeting the cGAS-STING pathway and modulating autophagy in neuronal cells.

Materials And Methods: In vivo middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model and an in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model to mimic the pathology of cerebral ischemic stroke in humans. Behavioral tests, tissue staining to assess neurological deficits and tissue damage in mice.

Inhibition of Macrophage ARID3A Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury After Heart Transplantation by Reducing THBS1/CD47 Signaling-Mediated Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Formation.

Mitigating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is essential for enhancing the success of heart transplantation (HT) and improving patient outcomes. During HT, infiltrating neutrophils are influenced and regulated by various other cell types, contributing to myocardial IR injury through the excessive release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Nonetheless, the precise mechanisms underlying the interactions between neutrophils and other non-cardiomyocytes remain largely unexplored.

Boosting the Efficiency of 1.84 eV Wide-Bandgap Perovskites Photovoltaics Beyond 19% via Yb Engineering.

Phase segregation remains one of the most critical challenges limiting the performance and long-term operational stability of wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This issue is especially pronounced in 1.84 eV wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskites, where severe halide phase segregation leads to compositional heterogeneity and accelerated device degradation.

A Versatile DNAzyme-Amplified Protease-Sensing Platform for Accurate Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 and Reliable Classification of Colorectal Cancer.

Peptide-based biosensors are widely used for in vitro detection of protease activity but often suffer from the limited sensitivity, poor accuracy, and incompatibility with point-of-care testing (POCT) devices. Herein, we developed a versatile deoxyribozyme (DNAzyme)-amplified protease-sensing (DP) platform that integrates the positively charged oligopeptides with a negatively charged DNAzyme biocatalyst for highly-sensitive protease detection. The system leverages the electrostatic peptide-DNAzyme interactions to inhibit DNAzyme catalytic activity, which is reactivated upon the protease-triggered peptide hydrolysis, thus enabling an efficient signal amplification via the successive cleavage of DNAzyme substrate.

Dual-self-learning co-evolutionary algorithm for energy-efficient flexible job shop scheduling problem with processing- transportation composite robots.

The processing-transportation composite robots, with their dual functions of processing and transportation, as well as comprehensive robot-machine interactions, have been widely and efficiently applied in the manufacturing industry, leading to a continuous increase in energy consumption. Hence, this work focuses on investigating robot-machine integrated energy-efficient scheduling in flexible job shop environments. To address the new problem, an innovative mixed-integer linear programming model and a novel dual-self-learning co-evolutionary algorithm are proposed, aimed at minimizing the total energy consumption and makespan.

Robust tracking control of uncertain autoloaders by implicit Lyapunov method and scleronomic Lagrangian mechanics-informed neural network.

The autoloader is a key subsystem in modern main battle tanks, mainly responsible for ammunition transfer, loading, and resupply. However, it often suffers from uncertainties induced by base oscillations, leading to potential instability. While various control strategies have been proposed, most rely on prior knowledge of such oscillations.

Surface engineering of cellulose microspheres via amyloid-like protein aggregation for bilirubin removal.

Hemoperfusion is one of the most effective blood purification techniques to quickly remove bilirubin from the blood of patients with kidney or liver failure. Although numerous adsorbent materials with high adsorption capacity have been developed, their clinical application are still limited due to poor biocompatibility and biosafety issues. Herein, biocompatible core-shell structured adsorbents with cellulose microspheres (CMs) as the supporting core and phase-transformed lysozyme (PTL) as the functional shell are fabricated for the removal of bilirubin in hemoperfusion.

Marine organism-inspired tough and adhesive patch based on thermosensitive quaternized chitin for tissue sealing/repair and hemostasis.

Tissue adhesives have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional sutures and staplers in the management of hemostasis, tissue defect sealing, and wound repair. However, the efficacy of current bio-adhesives in clinical practice is compromised by the limitations, including poor wet adhesion, inadequate mechanical strength, vulnerability to gastrointestinal fluids, and insufficient hemostatic performance. Herein, a marine organism-inspired tough and adhesive patch (MOTAP) was developed to address these challenges.

Inherited itinerant ferromagnetism on the polar surface in Na-intercalated antiferromagnet NaCrTe2.

Manipulating magnetism in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials arouses considerable and ongoing interest in fundamental physics and potential applications in next-generation spintronics. Here, we have investigated the underlying electronic structures of bulk vdW magnets CrTe2 and NaCrTe2, by carrying out high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) studies and first-principles calculations. In CrTe2, strong out-of-plane band dispersions and metallic Fermi surface are observed, accompanied by temperature-dependent ferromagnetic (FM) energy gain behavior which directly confirms its itinerant origin.

RNF207 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of osteosarcoma through KCNQ1 mediated activation of ERK/MEK signaling pathway.

Background: Ring finger protein 207 (RNF207) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates the stability and activity of target proteins via ubiquitination and non-proteolytic mechanisms. However, its role in osteosarcoma pathogenesis and association with patient prognosis remain poorly understood.

Methods: We integrated bioinformatics analyses of public databases with assayal validation in osteosarcoma cell lines and clinical tissue samples to assess RNF207 expression and its prognostic significance.

Speed control, visual adaptation, and mental workload in urban short underpass tunnels: A naturalistic driving study.

Objective: Urban short underpass tunnels, characterized by steep longitudinal slopes, limited lengths, and abrupt light transitions, pose significant driving risks. This study aims to comprehensively investigate drivers' speed control behavior, visual adaptation processes, and mental workload mechanisms within such tunnels under real traffic conditions.

Methods: A real-vehicle experiment was conducted involving 35 drivers.

ChREBP-Mediated Choline Deprivation and Chemokine Secretion Shape Tumor-Associated Macrophages to Promote Immune Evasion.

Tumor metabolic reprogramming has been recognized as a critical determinant in tumor development and cancer immunotherapy response. Aberrant choline metabolism is emerging as a defining hallmark of cancer. Here, we found that carbohydrate responsive element binding protein (ChREBP)-mediated choline deprivation induced tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) reprogramming and maintained an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME).

Homo-layer flexible BiTe-based films with high thermoelectric performance.

Here, we demonstrate unconventional scalable and sustainable manufacturing of flexible n-type BiTe films via physical vapor deposition and homo-layer fusion engineering. The achieved ultrahigh power factor of up to 30.0 microwatts per centimeter per square kelvin and ultralow lattice thermal conductivity of 0.

Promotion of Biomimetic Mineralization Preinfiltration of Mineral Precursors.

Intrafibrillar mineralization plays an important role in dentin repair. Current research on intrafibrillar mineralization primarily focuses on the precise positioning of mineral precursors within collagen and the reduction of mineralization time. Inspired by the multifunctionality of noncollagenous proteins (NCPs), we developed a dual-analogue system, 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) followed by 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-l-alanine (l-DOPA)-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate (M + LA), which integrated a nucleation inhibitor l-DOPA and inducer 10-MDP.

Transition-Metal-Free Aluminosilicate Small-Pore Zeolites Upgrade Methane to Light Olefins.

Upgrading methane to value-added chemicals is significant but still challenging. Well-designed catalysts are required to activate methane. Extensive efforts have been dedicated to the catalytic conversion of methane over transition-metal-containing catalysts.

Crosstalk between mitochondrial dysfunction and benign prostatic hyperplasia: unraveling the intrinsic mechanisms.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) represents a prevalent etiology of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in the male population, clinically defined by a non-malignant proliferation of prostatic tissue. While BPH exhibits a high prevalence among older male populations globally, the precise underlying mechanisms contributing to its development remain incompletely elucidated. Mitochondria, essential organelles within eukaryotic cells, are critical for cellular bioenergetics, the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and the modulation of cell death pathways.

DBN1‑mediated upregulation of GAB2 facilitates the migration and invasion of T‑cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‑ALL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy. The poor prognosis of T‑ALL is closely associated with extensive leukemic infiltration into critical organs. Therefore, the mechanism underlying T‑ALL infiltration is worth investigating.

Fluoroalkyl-based near-infrared acceptors for morphology control enabling high-efficiency additive-free organic solar cells.

Herein, a fluoroalkyl side chain modified A-DA'D-A small molecule acceptor, Y18-F9, was developed to optimize the bulk heterojunction morphology in organic solar cells. The introduction of fluorocarbon chains promotes self-assembly into nanoscale fibrous networks, while the low surface energy drive favorable vertical phase segregation. These synergistic effects lead to enhanced molecular packing, improved charge transport and collection, and reduced recombination losses.