Platelet dynamics and thrombocytopenia in dengue fever: A prospective cohort study from Shenzhen, China.

Introduction: Dengue fever, the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease, causes ∼400 million infections annually. Although thrombocytopenia is commonly associated with dengue, how it evolves in relation to viral load and immune responses remains poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate platelet-virus-immune interactions in acute dengue by systematically tracking of viral load, platelet parameters, and leukocyte dynamics.

Adaptive individualized gene pair signatures distinguishing melanoma and predicting response to immune checkpoint blockade.

Distinguishing similar cancer subtypes and predicting responses to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) are critical for improving clinical outcomes. However, existing gene expression signatures often suffer from batch effects and poor generalizability across cohorts. To address these limitations, we propose adaptive individualized gene pair signatures (AIGPS), a robust method that adaptively quantifies gene pair reversals and selects informative features using machine learning.

Within-host population dynamics of extensively drug-resistant revealed by an over 3-year longitudinal study.

Background And Objectives: Drug resistance is a major contributor to tuberculosis (TB) deaths worldwide. Understanding the dynamics of in-host evolution of (MTB) drug resistance can help to improve treatment success rates.

Methodology: The microevolution of drug-resistant MTB was studied in three patients with long-standing, extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) by analyzing whole genome sequences of serial isolates collected during treatment.

Oncogenic role of the SLC7A13-SLC3A1 cystine transporter in human luminal breast cancer and its cryo-EM structure.

Breast cancer is a prevalent malignancy worldwide. The majority of breast cancers belong to the estrogen receptor (ER)-positive luminal subtype that can be effectively treated with antiestrogen therapies. However, a significant portion of such malignancies become hormone-refractory and incurable.

Catalytic C-N Bond-Forming Processes from Inorganic Ammonium Salts.

Catalytic C-N coupling reactions are among the most important bond-forming events in synthetic chemistry. Ammonium salts are economic and easily available inorganic compounds, serving as ideal nitrogen sources for nitrogen-containing organic compounds. The use of ammonium salts highlights the synthesis of -containing organic compounds from inorganic compounds.

Imaging of Anodic Electrocatalytic Reactions via Cathodic Electrochemiluminescence on Focused Ion Beam-Fabricated Closed Bipolar Nanoelectrode Arrays.

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) imaging through closed bipolar nanoelectrode arrays (BPnEAs) has emerged as a promising method for in situ label-free wide-field electrochemical imaging. In this study, a cathodic ECL system based on [Ru(bpz)]/SO is combined with the BPnEAs fabricated on silicon nitride membrane windows through focused ion beam nanofabrication, enabling effective bipolar imaging of heterogeneous anodic electrocatalytic reactions. The shape, distribution, size, and material composition of individual electrodes within the array can be precisely controlled.

Novel ultrafine Pt@Fe-MIL-101 nanozyme enables robust aflatoxin B1 immunoassay in diverse marine and agricultural systems.

Background: Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) stands among the most toxic naturally occurring substances, with its acute toxicity characterized by the induction of acute hepatic necrosis, hemorrhage, and even fatal outcomes, thereby posing a profound threat to human health. Contamination of AFB1 in food commodities can arise at multiple stages throughout the production cycle, including cultivation, storage, and processing. This contamination cascade permeates the entire food supply chain, encompassing primary agricultural products as well as a diverse range of processed food items.

Mussel-inspired adhesive macromolecule modified zinc oxide nanoparticles incorporated into polyethylene glycol hydrogels for enhancing infected wound healing.

Infected wounds remain a major clinical challenge due to bacterial invasion, which disrupts the natural healing cascade through excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, severe vascular damage, and persistent inflammation. Inspired by the catechol-rich adhesive domains of mussel foot proteins, we developed an extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimetic polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel incorporating polydopamine (PDA)-functionalized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) for infected wound therapy. The amino acid-functionalized PEG hydrogel reproduces ECM-like properties to facilitate cell migration and efficient exudate management; however, its lack of intrinsic antimicrobial activity limits therapeutic efficacy.

An HIV fusion-inhibitory lipopeptide provides robust post-exposure prophylaxis and prevents viral reservoir seeding in macaques.

LP-98 is a lipopeptide HIV fusion inhibitor showing strong treatment and pre-exposure prophylaxis efficacies in non-human primates. In this study, we further characterized its pharmacokinetics, long-lasting antiviral activity, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) efficacy using 62 macaques. In cynomolgus macaques, LP-98 achieved high concentrations (C) with a half-life (T) of ∼31 h, and sustained an effective therapeutic concentration for two weeks post-injection.

GaN/PDMS-based opto-electro-mechanical tactile sensors.

Tactile sensors are crucial in robotics and medical diagnostics, requiring precise real-time detection. However, the development of a compact sensor that can measure force across a wide range, with high resolution and rapid response along three axes, remains extremely limited. Herein, an opto-electro-mechanical tactile sensor is reported, utilizing a monolithically integrated GaN-based optochip with a fingerprint-patterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film.

A multi-channel integrated auditory function test system.

The auditory brainstem response (ABR) remains the gold standard for evaluating hearing function in both animal models and humans. Features of ABR, including threshold, wave I amplitude and latency are critical for diagnosing and investigating the mechanisms of hearing loss. Critically, the rapid proliferation of genetically engineered mouse models in hearing research has created an imperative demand for high-throughput ABR testing capabilities.

Triplet Carbene Insertion Enables Modular Access to C2-Substituted Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes.

Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes (BCPs) play crucial roles as saturated bioisosteric replacements of planar benzene rings.

Homo-layer flexible BiTe-based films with high thermoelectric performance.

Here, we demonstrate unconventional scalable and sustainable manufacturing of flexible n-type BiTe films via physical vapor deposition and homo-layer fusion engineering. The achieved ultrahigh power factor of up to 30.0 microwatts per centimeter per square kelvin and ultralow lattice thermal conductivity of 0.

Yttrium-Doped Zinc Oxide (ZnYO) Electron Transport Layers: A Pathway to Enhanced Efficiency in PbS Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cells.

Significant progress has been achieved in PbS colloidal quantum dot solar cells (CQDSCs) by concentrating on structural engineering, band-alignment engineering, and enhancing the interfacial functionality of colloidal quantum dots (CQDs). Nonetheless, designing a durable and efficient photovoltaic device still represents a considerable obstacle for scientists in this domain. The present work demonstrates that the photovoltaic performance of PbS CQDSCs can be increased by adding 1-5 wt % yttrium into the zinc oxide (YZO) ETL.

OsSPT38 encodes a novel SUMO E3 ligase that enhances rice stress resilience and grain yield.

Abiotic stresses severely threaten global food security, underscoring the need for resilient crop varieties. We identified OsSPT38, a previously uncharacterized SUMO E3 ligase in rice, and discovered a rare gain-of-function mutation (Gly212Asp) that enhances both stress resilience and yield. This phenotype was validated in 18 additional independent mutants and by base editing in the elite indica cultivar Huanghuazhan.

Molecular Stacking Patterns Enhance Organic Small-Molecule Electrochemical Stability and Enable Ion Separation.

Organic small-molecule materials, leveraging their multisite nature, low molecular weight, sustainability, and element-rich composition, are promising candidates for electrochemical ion extraction applications. However, restricted structural stability, caused by ion-intercalation-induced volume expansion and resulting capacity decay, has hindered further application. Here, based on a structural stacking approach to form an integrated intermolecular force network and lithiophilic ion channels, phenazine (PNZ) is utilized to demonstrate the significant functional relevance of molecular stacking structures in enhancing organic small-molecule electrochemical stability.

Bruceine A ameliorates ulcerative colitis via macrophage polarization: Targeting HSP90-mediated IL-17 signaling and NF-κB activation.

Background: Bruceine A (BA), a natural quassinoid compound derived from the fruit of Brucea javanica, has demonstrated diverse pharmacological activities. However, the treatment effectiveness of BA against ulcerative colitis (UC) and its underlying mechanisms of action are yet to be fully elucidated.

Purpose: To explore the effects of BA against UC and uncover its underlying mechanisms, with a particular focus on its influence on inhibiting macrophage M1 polarization via the IL-17/NF-κB pathway.

Intercalation-Engineered Out-of-Plane Polarized van der Waals Ferromagnetic Superlattice with Room-Temperature Néel-Type Skyrmions.

Superlattices (SLs) based on two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials, abbreviated as 2D-SLs, have garnered significant attention due to their customizable properties. 2D-SLs can be engineered by mechanical stacking or chemical intercalation to achieve diverse forms of symmetry breaking, resulting in exotic phenomena like the quantum anomalous Hall effect and topological magnetism. Hitherto, broken symmetries in 2D-SLs have been widely produced within lateral planes or three dimensions.

Global Trends and Health Inequalities in Acute Hepatitis E Burden: A Joinpoint Regression and Cross-Country Inequality Analysis, 1990-2021.

Acute hepatitis E (AHE) disproportionately affects regions with diverse socioeconomic conditions. This study aims to assess the trends in AHE burden and health inequalities from 1990 to 2021. Utilising data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021, joinpoint regression was employed to identify significant trends.

Biomimetic semiconducting polymer dots for dual targeted NIR-II phototheranostic and multimodal coordinated immunostimulatory therapy.

Breast cancer is a global health challenge necessitating more precise and effective treatment strategies. In this study, we developed a novel drug-loaded therapeutic nanoplatform, OCPdots@CTe, which integrated near-infrared-II (NIR-II) window phototheranostic for targeted treatment of orthotopic breast tumors. The outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) can stimulate more immune responses based on precise targeting, while chelerythrine (CTe) can induce apoptosis by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby enhancing the therapeutic effect.

Cyanine-scaffold fluorogenic probes for visual detection of nitroreductase in living bacteria.

Bacterial infections pose significant challenges in clinical diagnostics and microbiological research due to the need for rapid, sensitive, and specific detection methods. Herein, we report the development of Cy5-NO2, a novel nitro-containing fluorescent probe designed for real-time monitoring of bacterial nitroreductase (NTR) activity. Cy5-NO2 is synthesized through a streamlined, high-yield process without chromatography, yielding a stable compound confirmed by X-ray crystallography and spectroscopic methods.

Activation of Locus Coeruleus-Hippocampus Tyrosine Hydroxylase Projection Contributes to the Surgical Incision Pain-Induced Memory Consolidation Enhancement in Mice.

Aims: The mechanism underlying postoperative post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remains unclear. However, studies have shown that acute postoperative pain is an independent risk factor for PTSD, which is also closely related to memory consolidation enhancement. Preoperative patients often experience unpleasant traumatic events, and postoperative pain usually occurs in the memory consolidation stage of these events.

Association between the Balanced Healthy Eating Index and depression and the mediating role of extreme pessimistic thoughts: an analysis from the health and nutrition database.

Background: Depression remains a significant global health issue, yet the combined influence of dietary quality and extreme pessimistic thoughts on depressive risk is not fully understood. This study evaluated whether a Balanced Healthy Eating Index (BHEI) and extreme pessimism independently and jointly predict depression in adults.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed data from 17,575 participants aged 18-65 years in the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Preclinical evaluation of antitumor activity and toxicity of TROP2-specific CAR-T cells for treatment of triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a subtype of breast cancer with poorest prognosis due to limited effective targeted therapies. Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy has shown remarkable efficacy in treating hematological cancers, but its application in TNBC requires further development. One major obstacle is the lack of suitable tumor-specific target in TNBC.