A zwitterionic dual-network hydrogel patch with anti-inflammatory properties for efficient peritoneal adhesion prevention.

Postoperative peritoneal adhesion, driven by inflammatory response and fibrotic deposition, remains the most common complication following abdominal surgeries, with limited effective solutions. Herein, a dual-network hydrogel patch (GPSB) is developed for effective peritoneal adhesion prevention through interpenetrating a gelatin network with a zwitterionic polysulfobetaine (PSB) network. The biodegradable gelatin network is dynamically crosslinked zinc ion (Zn)-polyphenol coordination, endowing the patch with inherent antibacterial and pro-healing activities.

Molten-Salt-Assisted Synthesis of Bismuth Catalysts with Rich Grain Boundaries for Efficient CO Conversion to High-Purity Formic Acid.

Electrochemical CO reduction to formic acid, powered by renewable electricity, enables a sustainable carbon cycle by providing a versatile chemical feedstock and energy carrier. Bismuth-based catalysts are known for their high formate selectivity but face challenges in balancing selectivity and stability at industrial current densities. In this study, we present a two-step approach that combines molten-salt synthesis with in situ reduction to fabricate polycrystalline bismuth catalysts with rich exposed grain boundaries (GB-Bi).

Pain and Its Treatment Among Outpatients with Malignant Tumors in China.

Background: Pain is common among patients with malignant tumors. It significantly impacts quality of life, yet over 80% of advanced cancer patients lack adequate pain management. Despite improvements in China's pain management program, challenges remain, especially for older adults and outpatient care.

Diagnostic utility of hematological and biochemical markers for cystic echinococcosis in Tibetan patients of Sichuan, China.

Objective: This hospital-based case-control study aims to evaluate hematological and biochemical markers for the diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis (CE) in the Tibetan population of Sichuan.

Methods: This study involved 83 patients diagnosed with CE and 45 healthy controls. Diagnosis of CE was confirmed through antibody and imaging tests, followed by an analysis of differences in blood and biochemical markers.

Effect of an emergency/planned cesarean section on the perinatal outcomes of pregnant women with placenta accreta spectrum and their neonates: a retrospective study cohort.

Background: Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is an obstetric condition. This study analyzes the outcomes of PAS parturients and their newborns undergoing emergency cesarean sections as opposed to planned cesarean sections.

Methods: In this research, we conduct a thorough retrospective analysis of 345 patients with placenta accreta at a single medical center.

Biomimetic membrane nanotechnology in cerebral ischemic stroke:a promising technology for therapeutic treatment and diagnosis.

Cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS) is a severe cerebrovascular disease that poses numerous challenges in diagnosis and treatment, primarily attributed to blood-brain barrier (BBB) constraints and inherent drug targeting limitations. Biomimetic membrane nanotechnology, as an emerging therapeutic approach, offers a novel therapeutic strategy by emulating biological membrane structures and functions. This review comprehensively examines biomimetic nanomedicines (BMNPs) in CIS management, encompassing preparation methodologies, material characterization, and specific diagnostic/therapeutic applications.

Positively Charged Polyurethane Scaffolds Reshape the Microenvironment to Promote Endogenous Regeneration after Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces a prolonged inflammatory response throughout the damaged brain, which is exacerbated by the sustained accumulation of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and consequently impairs endogenous neural regeneration significantly. To mitigate postinjury inflammation and explore the role of positively charged scaffolds in brain repair, two distinct structures of positively charged scaffolds were developed. Both scaffold types effectively reduce inflammation and promote brain tissue repair by eliminating DAMPs, markedly reducing glial scar formation, and promoting angiogenesis in peritrauma areas within 4 weeks of implantation.

A reliable UAV tracking system with online re-detection network.

Failures in long-term tracking have been frequently reported, posing significant challenges for the practical implementation of UAV tracking systems. Previous research has often employed a metric based on the current tracking state to assess reliability, coupled with a time-consuming re-detection network designed to recover the lost target. However, this approach lacks sufficient robustness and flexibility when dealing with unknown factors present in complex tracking scenarios.

Target volume delineation of the neck for radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: CSTRO, CACA, CSCO, HNCIG, ESTRO, and ASTRO guidelines and contouring atlas.

The Chinese Society for Therapeutic Radiology Oncology, the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology, the Head and Neck Cancer International Group, the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology, and the American Society for Radiation Oncology collaboratively developed evidence-based guidelines and a comprehensive contouring atlas for neck target volume delineation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. These guidelines address five key challenges in modern radiotherapy practice: margin design of clinical target volume; nodal target volume delineation after induction chemotherapy; delineation of equivocal nodes evident on imaging; low-risk clinical target volume delineation based on regional stepwise extension patterns; and modifications for anatomical boundaries of lymphatic areas. Developed through a rigorous systematic review and expert appraisal process by a panel of 50 international, multidisciplinary members from 17 countries and regions, these guidelines incorporate the latest advances in nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis and treatment.

Primary target volume delineation for radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: CSTRO, CACA, CSCO, HNCIG, ESTRO, and ASTRO guidelines and contouring atlas.

The Chinese Society for Therapeutic Radiology Oncology, the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology, Head and Neck Cancer International Group, the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology, and the American Society for Radiation Oncology jointly developed evidence-based guidelines and a contouring atlas for primary target volume delineation for radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The guidelines systematically address three crucial challenges: margin design of clinical target volumes; target volume delineation after induction chemotherapy; and low-risk clinical target volume delineation based on local stepwise extension patterns. Based on a comprehensive systematic review and critical appraisal by an international multidisciplinary panel of 50 nasopharyngeal carcinoma specialists from 17 countries and regions, these guidelines are in keeping with advances in nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis and treatment, embodying contemporary treatment concepts, and elaborating on the differences in practice.

Activated Dendritic Cell Membrane-Engineered Nanoformulation of Metallo-Immunomodulators as Lysosome-Targeted Adjuvants for Synergistic Cancer Immunotherapy.

Combination of chemotherapy and cancer immunotherapy has shown substantial clinical promise. However, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) poses a critical barrier to this combination therapy. Here, a tumor lysosome-targeted immunomodulatory strategy based on a biomimetic nanoadjuvant is presented, which effectively overcomes the immunosuppressive TME and demonstrates enhanced therapeutic efficacy when combined with chemotherapy.

Chromatin Accessibility Dynamics Reveal Conserved Transcriptional Regulatory Networks During Insect Metamorphosis in and .

Insect metamorphosis is a complex developmental process regulated by hormonal signaling and gene transcription. To elucidate its transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, we examined chromatin accessibility dynamics during metamorphosis in two holometabolous insects, and , using ATAC-seq. Our analysis revealed distinct stage-specific chromatin accessibility patterns, with peak accessibility during the prepupal stage in and the wandering larval to prepupal transition in .

Effect of radical radiotherapy dose on the prognosis of limited-stage thoracic small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: A multicenter retrospective trial from China (CHiSCEC).

Background: The optimal radiation dose for the treatment of small cell carcinoma of the esophagus (SCEC) has not been established. This study aimed to investigate the treatment outcomes and toxicities in patients with limited-stage SCEC (LS-SCEC) treated by radiotherapy.

Methods: Patients with LS-SCEC from 14 institutions were retrospectively identified between December 2000 and October 2021.

InSe Dynamic Memristor-Based Reservoir Computing for Temporal and Spatial Signal Recognition.

Multimodal recognition techniques are pivotal for advancing contemporary artificial intelligence, particularly in enhancing visual perception. However, research on electronic devices capable of robust multimodal recognition remains limited. In this study, we employ an InSe/AlO/ Pb(Zr·Ti·)O (PZT) heterostructure as a dynamic memristor.

Ciprofol Alleviates Depressive-Like Behaviors in CUMS Mice Through PPARα-Associated ERK/CREB Signaling Activation.

Background: Depression is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder involving neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and neurotransmitter dysregulation. Recent studies have highlighted the therapeutic potential of short-acting anesthetics in the treatment of depression. Ciprofol, a novel intravenous anesthetic with rapid onset and recovery, shows promise, although its antidepressant mechanisms remain underexplored.

Cross-organ protection of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles in ischemia-reperfusion injury: angiogenic synergy in kidney, brain, and heart.

Ischemia-reperfusion injury, marked by transient blood flow disruption followed by tissue reperfusion, constitutes a unifying pathological mechanism across cerebral stroke, myocardial infarction, and acute kidney injury. Hypoxia, a central driver of ischemia-reperfusion injury progression, triggers molecular cascades that simultaneously exacerbate tissue damage and activate compensatory repair mechanisms. Notably, hypoxia-induced angiogenesis and vascular remodeling serve as critical adaptive processes for functional recovery, supporting neuronal plasticity in stroke, myocardial salvage in infarction, and tubular regeneration in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.

A Small-Molecule Organic Cathode with Two Electron-Withdrawing Cyano Bonds for Li-Ion Batteries.

Perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride [PTCDA, theoretical specific capacity (C) = 130 mAh g] is an efficient n-type organic cathode in Li-ion batteries with the median potential of ≈2.5 V (vs. Li).

Neurological impairments in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: A comprehensive review.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy, the most prevalent form of muscular dystrophy, is characterized by neurological complications including cognitive impairment, neuropsychiatric disorders, and epilepsy. Neuroimaging investigations have demonstrated structural brain alterations, hemodynamic disturbances, and metabolic dysregulation in individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. These neurological impairments are primarily attributed to cerebral dystrophin deficiency and subsequent downstream molecular/cellular abnormalities, including altered excitation-inhibition balance, blood-brain barrier disruption, calcium dysregulation, and neuroinflammation.

Dissociable Neural Connectome Mapping of Reward and Punishment Responsiveness in Young Adults: Associations with Genetic Variability and Neurotransmitter Profiles.

While the hyper- and hypo- reward or punishment sensitivities (RS, PS) have received considerable attention as prominent transdiagnostic features of psychopathology, the lack of an overarching neurobiological characterization currently limits their early identification and neuromodulation. Here we combined microarray data from the Allen Human Brain Atlas with a multimodal fMRI approach to uncover the neurobiological signatures of RS and PS in a discovery-replication design (N=655 healthy participants, 442 Females). Both RS and PS were mapped separately in the brain, with the functional connectome in the fronto-striatal network encoding reward responsiveness, while the fronto-insular system was particularly engaged in punishment sensitivity.

DeepNuParc: A novel deep clustering framework for fine-scale parcellation of brain nuclei using diffusion MRI tractography.

Brain nuclei are clusters of anatomically distinct neurons that serve as important hubs for processing and relaying information in various neural circuits. Fine-scale parcellation of the brain nuclei is vital for a comprehensive understanding of their anatomico-functional correlations. Diffusion MRI tractography is an advanced imaging technique that can estimate the brain's white matter structural connectivity to potentially reveal the topography of the nuclei of interest for studying their subdivisions.

Synergistic engineering on surface chemistry and morphology in TiCT MXene towards high rate and durable LiO batteries.

The lithium‑oxygen battery (LOB) has emerged as an appropriate candidate for next-generation power supply system, owing to the ultrahigh theoretical energy density (3480 Wh kg) and relatively low cost. However, some intrinsic challenges, including high redox overpotentials, limited rate capability, and poor cyclic life, continue to hinder the practical deployment of lithium‑ oxygen batteries. The fundamental limitations originate from sluggish oxygen reduction/evolution reaction (ORR/OER) kinetics and parasitic side reactions, which can be effectively mitigated by employing efficient cathode electrocatalysts.

The role of miR-10b-5p in prostate cancer and its exosome-mediated angiogenesis effect.

Objective: Prostate cancer (PCa) continues to be a major cause of cancer-related mortality globally, underscoring the critical need for novel therapeutic strategies. This study investigates the oncogenic function of miR-10b-5p in PCa progression and evaluates its potential as both a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target.

Methods: miR-10b-5p was initially identified as a candidate oncogene through bioinformatic analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) PCa data, followed by validation of its expression levels in clinical PCa specimens via fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

Accelerating Prediction of Antiviral Peptides Using Genetic Algorithm-Based Weighted Multiperspective Descriptors with Self-Normalized Deep Networks.

The accurate prediction of antiviral peptides (AVPs) plays a crucial role in accelerating the development of peptide-based therapeutics. Despite extensive production of antiviral medications, viral diseases remain a major human health concern. AVPs have emerged as potential candidates for the development of novel antiviral drugs.

Short-course PD-1 blockade in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a phase II randomized trial protocol (Tori-013).

While immunotherapy has demonstrated encouraging efficacy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LANPC), the optimal combination modalities and treatment duration remain undetermined. In the present study, we developed a clinical trial protocol to evaluate shortened period of immunotherapy could enhance the efficacy of LANPC. This open-label, randomized, single-blind, multicenter phase II trial (Tori-013) investigates the efficacy and safety of toripalimab (anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody) combined with induction chemotherapy (IC) followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in patients with stage III/IVa nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Therapeutic Opportunities of Marfan Syndrome: Current Perspectives.

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a hereditary connective tissue disorder that is primarily caused by mutations in the fibrillin-1 () gene. This disease predominantly affects the eyes, bones, and cardiovascular system, with cardiovascular complications posing the most significant threat to life. Currently, conventional treatments, which are based on pharmacological management and surgical interventions, aim to slow disease progression and manage life-threatening cardiovascular complications.