Development of a prediction model for HER2 low breast cancer using quantitative intra- and peri-tumoral heterogeneity and MRI features on high-spatial resolution ultrafast DCE-MRI.

Background: Accurate preoperative human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status assessment is crucial for guiding treatment selection, particularly with the emergence of anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) for HER2-low breast cancer. However, current immunohistochemistry (IHC)-based classification is limited by spatial heterogeneity and sampling bias. Quantitative analysis of intra- and peri-tumoral heterogeneity (ITH) on imaging may offer a non-invasive, objective, and reproducible approach to distinguish HER2-low breast cancer from other subtypes.

Exploring the role of VAV2 rare variants in primary open-angle glaucoma: genetic insights and pathophysiological mechanisms.

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, primarily due to the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). In this study, we reported vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 (VAV2) as a POAG-associated gene. Through whole exome sequencing (WES) of 398 Han Chinese POAG patients and 2,010 controls, we discovered nine rare VAV2 variants linked to POAG (P_burden=1.

Two-step ligand exchange to promote charge transfer in PbSe quantum dot photodetectors for pulse monitoring.

Quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as promising materials for next-generation infrared semiconductors due to their facile solution processing, low-cost, tunable bandgap and superior optoelectronic properties. However, organic long-chain ligands that modify the surface of QDs hinder charge transfer, thus impairing the performance of QD infrared photodetectors. Here, we report a two-step ligand exchange strategy that decouples the native long-chain ligands from the QDs using specific molecules and then attaches the short-chain ligands, resulting in high response for lead-rich lead selenide (PbSe) QD photodetectors.

The tryptophan catabolite pathway in major and simple neurocognitive psychosis: a double-edged sword with two sharpened edges.

Objectives: There are differences in IgA responses to tryptophan catabolites (TRYCATs) in major neurocognitive psychosis (MNP) versus simple neurocognitive psychosis (SNP) and normal controls. MNP and SNP are distinct schizophrenia classes which are differentiated by neurocognitive deficits, phenome features, and biomarker pathways. Nevertheless, there is no data on serum concentrations of those TRYCATs in MNP and SNP.

A Shape-Recovery Polycationic Fibroin for Hemostasis-Regeneration Transition by Recapitulating Natural Coagulation Networks.

Large-scale and deep trauma restricts the effective hemostasis and tissue regeneration management, even causing death. The formation of the fibrin network is the initial stage of wound control. Inspired by Fn's characteristics during coagulation, an artificial polycationic fibroin (pCSF/β) is designed to achieve hemostasis-regeneration transition.

Analysis of spatial correlation network and influencing factors of green energy efficiency in urban agglomerations.

Exploring the spatial correlation characteristics of urban green total factor energy efficiency (GTFEE) is of great significance to promote the green and low-carbon energy transformation among cities and realize the integrated and coordinated development of green energy. Taking the urban agglomeration of the central area of the Yangtze River Delta as the research object, the Super-SBM model is used to estimate the urban GTFEE from 2006 to 2022, and exploratory spatio-temporal data analysis is used to explore its spatial pattern. Meanwhile, social network analysis (SNA) and quadratic assignment procedure (QAP) method are used to explore the spatial correlation network characteristics and influencing factors of GTFEE.

A disproportionality analysis of real-world adverse events associated with tirofiban from the FAERS database.

Tirofiban is a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blocker mainly used alongside other blood thinners in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing procedures like angioplasty (PCI). Emerging clinical evidence suggests it may also be beneficial during endovascular treatment for ischemic stroke (IS). Because Tirofiban prevents blood clotting, it is important to assess how often it causes serious bleeding or other side effects when used in real-life settings.

Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase interacts with and inhibits the protein kinase TAK1 to mitigate septic shock.

Dysregulation of macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses is central to sepsis pathogenesis, making its modulation crucial for reducing organ damage and mortality. This study reveals that the key serine synthesis enzyme phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), known for regulating tumor and immune cell functions, is significantly downregulated in mouse macrophages following LPS stimulation, as well as in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or sepsis. PHGDH knockdown enhances inflammatory responses to LPS and E.

Assessment and correction of the respiratory phase misalignment using different signals in 4-dimensional imaging and free-breathing gated radiotherapy.

Objective: To propose and validate a correction method for the respiratory phase shift of using different motion management systems in the 4-dimensional (4D) imaging and free-breathing gated radiotherapy.

Materials And Methods: Synchronized cone-beam CT (CBCT) and optical surface images (OSI) of 30 patients at two institutions were included. Reference diaphragm-signals were extracted from CBCT projections using Amsterdam-Shroud (AS) method.

Exploring the neuroprotective properties of musk against high-altitude cerebral edema: Unveiling the mechanisms via TNF-α/RIPK1 pathway regulation and necroptosis inhibition.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Musk (Moschus Moschiferus) is regarded as a key drug for treating brain injury-related nerve damage in both traditional Chinese medicine and Tibetan medicine. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, musk has the characteristics of being pungent and warm, and acts on the heart and spleen meridians, with the effects of awakening the brain and opening the orifices, as well as promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. This makes it an important drug for treating acute brain injuries such as closed coma and stroke with phlegm obstruction.

Chemomechanical regulation of growing tissues from a thermodynamically-consistent framework and its application to tumor spheroid growth.

It is widely recognized that reciprocal interactions between cells and their microenvironment, via mechanical forces and biochemical signaling pathways, regulate cell behaviors during normal development, homeostasis and disease progression such as cancer. However, how exactly cells and tissues regulate growth in response to chemical and mechanical cues is still not clear. Here, we propose a framework for the chemomechanical regulation of growth based on thermodynamics of continua and growth-elasticity to predict growth patterns.

MXene-Powered Terahertz Metamaterials as a Real-Time Biosensing Platform for In Vivo Thrombus Monitoring.

Precise, timely, and personalized in vivo thrombus monitoring is critical for improving the treatment effectiveness and clinical outcomes of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy has become increasingly important as a novel tool in biomedical engineering due to its rapid analysis ability, high temporal resolution, and label-free measurement modality. However, achieving high thrombus sensing performance in real blood environments remains a significant challenge.

The association between triglyceride glucose-body mass index and mortality in intensive care unit patients: a propensity score matching analysis.

Purpose: Triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) represents a combined measure to evaluate insulin resistance and predict cerebral and cardiovascular disease risk and the resulting negative consequences. Nevertheless, the prognostic value of TyG-BMI for predicting outcomes, such as mortality, among critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU-CIP) remains understudied. Our study seeks to ascertain the relation between all-cause mortality (ACM) and TyG-BMI among ICU-CIP, regardless of specific diseases, to recognize individuals at high risk and enhance prediction strategies.

Maternal and early postnatal antibiotic exposure may increase the risk of autism spectrum disorder with regression.

Purpose: To analyze if exposure to antibiotics during maternal pregnancy and early postnatal period increases the risk of autism spectrum disorder with regression (ASD-R).

Methods: A total of 483 children with ASD were categorized into ASD-R and ASD without regression (ASD-NR) groups. The caregivers of children completed questionnaires regarding use of antibiotics during maternal pregnancy and early postnatal period.

Dual-channel fluorescent sensor for independent detection of hypochlorous acid and pH in live cells and actual sample.

The simultaneous monitoring of hypochlorous acid (HClO) and pH dynamics is crucial for deciphering their synergistic roles in oxidative stress-related pathologies and environmental processes, yet remains technically challenging due to spectral interference and divergent response mechanisms in existing probes. Herein, we present RN-HP, a rationally engineered fluorescent probe capable of detecting HClO and pH through dual independent emission channels. RN-HP exhibited significantly enhanced fluorescence at 577 nm in the presence of HOCl, demonstrating good selectivity and high sensitivity (linear range: 0.

Mamba-convolution hybrid network for underwater image enhancement.

Underwater imagery frequently exhibits low clarity and is subject to significant color distortion as a result of the inherent conditions of the marine environment and variations in illumination. Such degradation in image quality fundamentally undermines the efficacy of marine ecological monitoring and the detection of underwater targets. To address this issue, we present a Mamba-Convolution network for Underwater Image Enhancement (MC-UIE).

An MRI-based model for preoperative prediction of tertiary lymphoid structures in patients with gallbladder cancer.

Objectives: To predict tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) in gallbladder cancer (GBC) using preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomics.

Methods: Patients with GBC from two centres served as training (n = 129) and external validation (n = 44) cohorts. Radiomics features were extracted from six imaging sequences for inclusion in a radiomics model (Rad-score).

MZB1-Driven Endoplasmic reticulum stress model as a predictor of breast cancer progression and survival.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and its associated unfolded protein response (UPR) have been demonstrated to play a crucial role in cancer's progression, but their prognostic significance in breast cancer (BC) remains unclear. In this study, a reliable ER-related gene signature was developed for the purpose of predicting BC prognosis and investigating the associated immune landscape. By utilizing public datasets and analytical methods, we developed a 16 ER-related gene risk signature and verified its efficacy in predicting prognosis in independent patient groups.

Modulating metabolism to improve the therapeutic outcomes of CAR cell therapies: From bench to bedside.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) cell therapies have emerged as a groundbreaking approach in cancer treatment, offering new hope for patients with refractory tumors. Despite their success, the therapeutic efficacy of CAR cell therapies is often undermined by metabolic factors within the tumor microenvironment (TME), which impede CAR cell function and lead to treatment resistance. Current literature has not fully explored how these metabolic processes contribute to CAR cell therapy failure, particularly in the context of solid tumors, where the TME presents unique challenges.

Higher serum vitamin D concentration and supplementation were associated with improved survival outcomes and treatment response in cancer patients receiving immunotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Biological evidence has demonstrated the anti-tumor effects of vitamin D, but whether it could predict the effect of cancer immunotherapy remains inconclusive. We hypothesized that higher serum vitamin D concentration and supplementation might be correlated with better prognosis and treatment response among cancer patients receiving immunotherapy. We systematically searched the Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science databases to identify relevant articles from inception to June 19, 2025.

Multivariate distribution fitting for GANs via introducing variable correlations.

Mode collapse is a major unsolved problem in generative adversarial networks. In this study, we base our proposal on the distribution fitting method and explore methods to suppress mode collapse for multivariate data. We incorporate the covariance constraints that enforce similar linear correlations among the variables.

YModPred: an interpretable prediction method for multi-type RNA modification sites in S. cerevisiae based on deep learning.

Background: RNA post-transcriptional modifications involve the addition of chemical groups to RNA molecules or alterations to their local structure. These modifications can change RNA base pairing, affect thermal stability, and influence RNA folding, thereby impacting alternative splicing, translation, cellular localization, stability, and interactions with proteins and other molecules. Accurate prediction of RNA modification sites is essential for understanding modification mechanisms.

Case Report: Ocular metastasis from ALK-rearranged pulmonary adenocarcinoma presenting as a pseudo-syndrome of anterior uveitis.

Lung cancer is the second most common primary site for intraocular metastatic tumors, with the most frequent metastatic site being the choroid. However, cases of intraocular metastasis of lung cancer presenting as anterior uveitis or secondary glaucoma are rare and often misdiagnosed. Here, we report a case of a lung adenocarcinoma stage IV patient, who presented with anterior uveitis as the initial symptom without respiratory symptoms.

Elevated serum IL-10/IL-6 ratio as a novel biomarker for secondary central nervous system lymphoma and poor prognosis in DLBCL.

Introduction: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and carries a poor prognosis when it involves the central nervous system (CNS), a condition known as secondary CNS lymphoma (SCNSL). Although the CNS International Prognostic Index (CNS-IPI) is used to estimate SCNSL risk, its limited sensitivity highlights the need for more reliable biomarkers to improve risk stratification and enable earlier intervention.

Methods: We evaluated pretreatment levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in both peripheral blood (PB) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and compared clinical characteristics between DLBCL patients with and without SCNSL.