Rare but not to be overlooked: Epidemiology and strategies for rare dermatological diseases in China.

Rare skin diseases in China, recognized through the 2018 National Rare Disease List (121 conditions), pose substantial epidemiological and systemic challenges. The National Rare Diseases Registry System (NRDRS) documented 62,590 cases (2016-2020) of 166 diseases, and yet data remain fragmented: only 53.1% of rare diseases are prevalent and they are found in 94.

Exploring the Neuroprotective Properties of Musk against High-altitude Cerebral Edema: Unveiling the Mechanisms via TNF-α/RIPK1 Pathway Regulation and Necroptosis Inhibition.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Musk (Moschus Moschiferus) is regarded as a key drug for treating brain injury-related nerve damage in both traditional Chinese medicine and Tibetan medicine. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, musk has the characteristics of being pungent and warm, and acts on the heart and spleen meridians, with the effects of awakening the brain and opening the orifices, as well as promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. This makes it an important drug for treating acute brain injuries such as closed coma and stroke with phlegm obstruction.

Cyberattack event and arguments extraction based on feature interaction and few-shot learning.

Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) serves as a crucial indicator of cybersecurity events, providing critical evidence for analyzing cyberattacks and vulnerabilities. While existing deep learning approaches have shown value in processing urgent CTI data, accurately extracting cybersecurity event types and their associated arguments remains challenging due to CTI's inherent complexity and data scarcity. Moreover, the lack of a large-scale annotated corpus in the cybersecurity domain prevents direct application of large language models (LLMs) to surpass the current methods' performance.

Lutein augments the hypoglycemic effect of metformin through the gut microbiota-imidazole propionate axis in type 2 diabetic model mice.

Our objective was to investigate the potential of lutein in enhancing the efficacy of metformin in diabetes treatment and the underlying mechanisms involved. Here, the study was conducted with type 2 diabetic mice, which was induced by a high-fat diet with streptozotocin. Twenty-four diabetic model mice were divided into four groups: model control group, metformin group, lutein group, and lutein combined with metformin (Lut_Met) group.

A mathematical model of cell-free transcription-translation with plasmid crosstalk.

Cell-free expression (CFE) systems are emerging as a powerful tool in synthetic biology, with diverse applications from prototyping genetic circuits to serving as a platform for point-of-care biosensors. When multiple genes need to be expressed in the same CFE reaction, their DNA templates (often added as plasmids) are generally assumed to behave independently of each other, with neither affecting the other's expression. However, recent work in CFE systems shows that multiple aspects of these templates can lead to antagonistic or synergistic interactions in expression levels of individual genes, a phenomenon referred to as plasmid crosstalk.

The Extracellular Matrix Agrin Promotes Epicardial Cells Activation and Proliferation Post Myocardial Infarction in Mice.

The extracellular matrix protein (ECM) Agrin could facilitate cardiac regeneration and repair after myocardial infarction (MI), but its specific impacts on epicardial cells (EpiCs) remains unexplored. To investigate Agrin's influence on the activation and proliferation of EpiCs, we observed dynamic changes of Agrin in the heart of mice during developmental and injury periods. We also evaluated the effects of intramyocardial administration of Agrin post MI.

Impacts of omega-3 fatty acids intervention on immune functions and clinical outcomes in surgical gastric cancer patients: a systematic review and trial sequential meta-analysis.

Background: Gastric cancer patients are vulnerable to postoperative complications. Omega-3 fatty acids may improve immune function and reduce postoperative complications. However, the impacts of omega-3 fatty acids intervention on immune function and clinical outcomes in gastric cancer patients are not clear.

Reconstitution of T cell-mediated immunity by umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells in ulcerative colitis.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an agnogenic chronic intestinal inflammatory disease. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell (UMSC) is a potential therapeutic approach against UC; however, the mechanisms underlying their efficacy for UC remain unclear.

Methods: We performed a single-arm clinical trial with 6 months follow-up to assess the efficacy of UMSC in patients with moderate to severe left-sided UC.

Hydroxyl-engineered Ag nanoparticles achieves almost 100 % faradaic efficiency in electrocatalytic CO reduction to CO over wide potential windows.

Electrocatalytic CO reduction (ECOR) to CO provides a promising strategy for mitigating atmospheric CO levels in the atmosphere while generating value-added chemical feedstocks for industrial applications. However, the widespread implementation of ECOR remains constrained by insufficient activity and Faradaic selectivity of current catalysts under practical operating conditions. We here develop a hybrid material of Ag nanoparticles embedded in cyclodextrin (AgNPs-CD) with abundant surface hydroxyl groups, which functions as an efficient catalyst for ECOR to CO, delivering both high activity and excellent selectivity.

Unraveling the molecular mechanisms of high hydrostatic pressure in enhancing emulsifying properties: insights from main fractionations in pepper seed protein.

High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) effectively enhances the emulsifying properties of pepper by-product - pepper seed protein (PSP), but the underlying mechanisms require further elucidation. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms of HHP-induced changes in protein emulsification by comparing predominant fractions (pepper seed albumin (PSA) and glutelin (PSG)) obtained by two extraction methods. Results showed that with higher emulsifying activity of PSA increased by 23.

KLF4 overexpression protects against complement-mediated endothelial injury in transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy.

Transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA) is a severe complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, marked by excessive complement activation, endothelial injury, and microangiopathy. Although complement blockade benefits some patients, effective prophylactic and therapeutic strategies remain scarce. Therefore, plasma samples from 20 TA-TMA patients and 1:1 matched control patients (matched by age, sex, underlying diagnosis, HLA compatibility, graft source, and donor-recipient ABO blood type) were measured for krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), complement proteins and endothelial injury markers.

Study on the Electro-Optical Properties of Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystals Doped with Cellulose Nanocrystals.

The present study focuses on the effect of doping KH560-modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) on the electro-optical characteristics of polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs). PDLC films were fabricated through the polymerization-initiated phase separation (PIPS) process and doped with CNC nanoparticles at various concentrations. At low concentrations, the CNCs at the interface, by virtue of their unique chiral characteristics, induce an orderly arrangement of liquid crystal molecules.

Controlled-release oxidants for in situ remediation of organic contaminated soil and groundwater: Material preparation, mechanisms, and applications.

Controlled-release oxidation materials (CROMs) have emerged as a promising strategy to overcome the limitations of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) technologies, which was attributed to their long-term release of active substances. This review systematically summarized the preparation methods, applications, release and oxidation mechanisms of CROMs. Specifically, the correlations among preparation methods, encapsulation materials, and morphological characteristics of CROMs based on three different oxidants (permanganate, persulfate, peroxide) were discussed.

PGC1α regulates the mitochondrial metabolism response to cyclic stretch, which inhibits neointimal hyperplasia.

Neointimal hyperplasia occurs in the context of vascular injury, such as stent intervention or balloon angioplasty. However, the role of mechanical forces in this process remains to be studied. In this study, a rat carotid artery intimal injury model was established.

Study on the relationship between NF-kB pathway and skeletal muscle dopamine receptors in muscle-attenuated mice.

Background: To investigate the relationship between the NF-kB signaling pathway and muscle-attenuated skeletal muscle dopamine receptor (DR) in mice.

Methodology: 40 specific pathogens free (SPF) C57BL/6 mice aged 6 to 7 months were randomly divided into a model group and control group by random number table method, with 20 mice in each group. Muscle-attenuated mice were established in model group, and the expression of NF-kB protein was detected by Western-blot, and the expressions of IL-β1, TNF-a, DRD1, and DRD2 were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Soluble N-terminal region of prion protein causes rapid neurodegeneration in prion disease.

Rapid neurodegeneration distinguishes prion disease from other neurodegenerative disorders. Notably, normal prion protein (PrP) is essential for prion-induced rapid neurodegeneration, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we show that the unstructured N-terminal region of PrP induces rapid and lethal neurodegeneration in mice, accompanied by the hallmark of prion disease, spongiosis.

ADAM17 Supports Disinhibition of Pre-sympathetic Glutamatergic Neurons Through Microglial Chemotaxis.

A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) is a membrane-bound enzyme that cleaves cell-surface proteins. Here, we discovered that neuronal ADAM17-mediated signaling supports the reduction of inhibitory presynaptic inputs to the pre-sympathetic glutamatergic neural hub, located in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), upon stimulation by angiotensin II (Ang-II). For Ang-II-induced disinhibition, targeting microglial migration had an effect similar to ADAM17 knockout in glutamatergic neurons.

GPX4 predicts poor prognosis and regulates tumor proliferation and senescence in colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Colorectal adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies. There is a pressing need to recognize reliable biomarkers that can improve diagnostic accuracy, predict prognosis, and serve as effective molecular targets. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is an important antioxidant protein.

High-Speed Design of Multiplexed Meta-Optics Enabled by Physics-Driven Self-Supervised Network.

The artificial intelligence (AI) can accelerate the meta-optics design by rapidly predicting the transmission coefficients of individual meta-atoms. However, extensive optimization iterations are usually required to complete the desired metasurface consisting of massive meta-atoms. For designing meta-holography, any change to the target image forces the whole process to repeat, resulting in lengthy computation time.

Steatosis and Interferon Associated with HBsAg Immune Control in Chronic Hepatitis B: A Real-World Propensity Score-Matched Study.

The baseline determinants of functional cure in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) are largely unknown. By applying propensity score matching (PSM) to real-world data, we aimed to identify traits associated with functional cure. We included CHB cases which achieved a functional cure and randomly selected non-achievers from patients followed from 2000 to 2020.

ILF3 promotes colorectal cancer cell resistance to ferroptosis by enhancing cysteine uptake and GSH synthesis via stabilizing SLC3A2 mRNA.

Ferroptosis, a type of programmed cell death dependent on iron, is characterized by lipid peroxidation of cellular membranes. However, the roles and underlying mechanisms of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in modulating ferroptosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) have not been fully explored. In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis identified ILF3, an RBP, as a crucial regulator of ferroptosis in CRC cells.

A multi-spectral radiation thermometry method based on MGACO-RFR emissivity model identification under the background of high temperature.

Multi-spectral radiation thermometry is extensively applied in high-temperature fields. Currently, multi-spectral radiation thermometry technology still faces issues such as inaccurate identification of target emissivity models due to high-temperature background reflection and significant temperature measurement errors. This paper proposes a multi-spectral radiation thermometry method based on a Mixed Genetic Algorithm and Ant Colony Optimization Random Forest (MGACO-RFR) for emissivity model identification.

Efficacy of therapeutic strategies on thrombocytopenia after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation-an evidence-based meta-analysis.

Background: Thrombocytopenia is a common complication following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and there is currently no standardized therapeutic approach for its management.

Objectives: This article aims to systematically review the existing clinical treatment regimens for this condition and assess their efficacy.

Design: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The interaction between ferroptosis and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a common fatal event in cardiovascular diseases. Oxidative stress, energy metabolism disorders, and inflammatory responses that occur during this process cause severe damage to myocardial cells. Ferroptosis is a novel form of cell death closely related to cellular damage in MIRI.