Multimodal perception-driven decision-making for human-robot interaction: a survey.

Multimodal perception is essential for enabling robots to understand and interact with complex environments and human users by integrating diverse sensory data, such as vision, language, and tactile information. This capability plays a crucial role in decision-making in dynamic, complex environments. This survey provides a comprehensive review of advancements in multimodal perception and its integration with decision-making in robotics from year 2004-2024.

Multifunctional Binding Interface Drives Near-Unity CO Selectivity in Acidic CO Electrolysis.

The electrocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO) reduction is challenged by the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) especially in acidic media. Here, we elaborate that redox-active isoindigo, acting as a multifunctional co-catalyst, can pre-activate CO-bound intermediates and suppress HER upon the synergistic effects of Lewis acid-base adduct formation, intramolecular hydrogen-bond interaction, and interfacial water structure modulation. Modifying a silver catalyst with isoindigo substantially decreases the energy barrier for CO-to-*COOH conversion, which is regarded as the potential-limiting step of carbon monoxide production.

Kinesin-1 Autoinhibition Tunes Cargo Transport by Motor Ensembles.

Intracellular vesicular transport by kinesin-1 motors through numerous 3-dimensional (3D) microtubule (MT) intersections must be regulated to support proper vesicle delivery. Knowing kinesin-1 can be regulated via autoinhibition, does kinesin-1 exhibit autoinhibition on cargo, and could this regulate vesicular transport through 3D MT intersections in vitro? To answer this question, we compared liposome transport by ∼10 nearly full-length kinesin-1 motors with KLC bound (KinΔC) versus constitutively active control (K543). In 3D MT intersections, KinΔC-liposomes terminate (48%), go straight (43%), but rarely turn (9%), starkly contrasting K543-liposomes which go straight (57%), turn (31%), but rarely terminate (12%).

Functional classification of disorder variants in uncovers conserved and cell-specific mechanisms of dysfunction.

Heterotrimeric G proteins transduce signals from G protein coupled receptors, which mediate key aspects of neuronal development and function. Mutations in the gene, which encodes Gαi1, cause a disorder characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, hypotonia, and epilepsy. However, the mechanistic basis for this disorder remains unknown.

Neurocognition After Perturbed Sleep (NAPS): A Protocol for an Experimental Study Examining the Impact of Sleep on Neurocognition, Functioning, and Clinical Indicators in People with Schizophrenia.

Introduction: People with schizophrenia (SZ) display neurocognitive deficits that have been identified as predictors of poor functioning and disability. Previous reports have noted that these deficits are strikingly similar to the cognitive sequalae of poor sleep. Consistent with this observation, extensive animal and basic human research have strongly support the deleterious effects of poor sleep on neurocognition.

Chemomechanical regulation of growing tissues from a thermodynamically-consistent framework and its application to tumor spheroid growth.

It is widely recognized that reciprocal interactions between cells and their microenvironment, via mechanical forces and biochemical signaling pathways, regulate cell behaviors during normal development, homeostasis and disease progression such as cancer. However, how exactly cells and tissues regulate growth in response to chemical and mechanical cues is still not clear. Here, we propose a framework for the chemomechanical regulation of growth based on thermodynamics of continua and growth-elasticity to predict growth patterns.

A spatial long-read approach at near-single-cell resolution reveals developmental regulation of splicing and polyadenylation sites in distinct cortical layers and cell types.

Genome-wide spatial long-read approaches often lack single-cell resolution and yield limited read lengths. Here, we introduce spatial ISOform sequencing (Spl-ISO-Seq), which reveals exons and polyadenylation sites with near-single-cell resolution. Spl-ISO-Seq selects long cDNAs and doubles to triples read lengths compared to standard preparations.

The Disaster Response Mobilization System: a community-based disaster preparedness strategy in Puerto Rico.

Puerto Rico is increasingly vulnerable to natural hazards that exacerbate ongoing humanitarian and economic crises. Historically, local and federal recovery efforts have been slow and inadequate, leaving community members as first responders post disaster. Community-based disaster preparedness can reduce vulnerability and improve disaster management strategies, yet there is an absence of implementation tools appropriate for grassroots organisations.

Bioprotective potential of biosynthesized copper oxide nanoparticles and copper phosphite against Alternaria-solani-induced leaf spot in pepper plants.

Alternaria solani leaf spot disease (ASLS) poses a serious threat to global crop production, including peppers, resulting in notable economic losses. Bio-nanotechnology offers promising solutions for combating plant pathogens by promoting plant defenses and inhibiting pathogen growth. This study explores the effectiveness of copper oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) and copper phosphite (MAXIFOS CU®) in controlling A.

GplR1, an unusual TetR-like transcription factor in controls the production of cell wall glycopeptidolipids, colony morphology, and virulence.

is a major human pathogen, mostly infecting people with pre-existing lung conditions, such as cystic fibrosis. The production of glycopeptidolipids (GPL) is a major determinant of virulence of this bacterium, with clinical isolates that lack GPL generally exhibiting more aggressive clinical behavior. The current paradigm is that GPL production is abolished via irreversible, spontaneous mutations taking place as part of in-host evolution.

International Spinal Cord Injury Fracture History Extended Data Set.

Objectives: The objective of the study is to develop the International Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Fracture History Extended Data Set within the framework of the International SCI Data Sets to permit consistent collection and reporting of fracture history in the SCI population.

Methods: The International SCI Fracture History Extended Data Set has been developed by a working group. The initial data set was open for 2 months for discussion and was revised based on suggestions from members of the International SCI Data Sets Committee, the International Spinal Cord Society (ISCoS) Executive and Scientific Committees, American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Board, other interested organizations, societies, and individual reviewers.

Short-term sensory memory mediates adaptation, habituation, and a paradoxical neural-behavioral transformation in .

Repeated exposure to stimuli elicits decreasing sensory neural responses over time (adaptation). However, resulting behavioral responses can either weaken over time (habituation) or remain invariant, indicating that the neural-behavioral link is not fixed. To investigate neural adaptation and its flexible translation into behavioral decision making, we created a mathematical framework hypothesizing (1) that sensory networks optimize the speed and accuracy of encoding exogenous stimuli, and (2) that representations form along two time scales, one embedding immediate information and the other stimulus history.

Clinical Management of Medication-Assisted Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder Using a Mobile Health App Within a Primary Care Clinic: Quasi-Experimental Study.

Background: Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) is an effective strategy for treating opioid use disorder and reducing opioid-related overdose deaths, yet retention in treatment remains low. Mobile health (mHealth) platforms may be a useful tool for increasing long-term engagement in MAT programs, but evaluation studies of such platforms are limited.

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether the use of the Opioid Addiction Recovery Support (OARS) software platform increased MAT engagement for patients with opioid use disorder.

Data from the Effects of Congruent and Incongruent Perceptual Cues on Middle Schoolers' Mathematical Performance, Learning, and Retention Study.

This paper presents datasets for a research project that investigated the individual and combined effects of two perceptual cues-spacing and color-under varying conditions of congruence with the order of operations. The datasets contain 1,100 6th-grade students' data collected through a randomized controlled trial conducted in 2024 in a U.S.

Exploring the critical role of SDHA in breast cancer proliferation: implications for novel therapeutic strategies.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate Succinate Dehydrogenase Complex Flavoprotein Subunit A (SDHA) expression across various breast cancer subtypes, its prognostic significance, and the impact of SDHA knockdown on breast cancer cell functions.

Methods: To assess SDHA expression in breast cancer, we utilized multiple publicly available databases. Prognostic significance was also evaluated using relevant databases.

Toward CoCr Alternatives: Tribo-corrosion performance of interstitially strengthened Cp-Ti surfaces.

Orthopedic implants require materials with biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and wear performance to ensure safety, functionality, and durability. Cobalt-chromium (CoCr) alloys are widely used, but concerns regarding their biocompatibility, ethical sourcing, and regulatory restrictions have prompted interest in alternatives such as commercially pure titanium (Cp-Ti). Titanium has excellent biocompatibility and corrosion resistance but suffers from inadequate wear resistance, which limits its use in load-bearing applications.

Convergence research for sustainable regional systems.

Convergence research addresses societal and environmental challenges by co-creating knowledge across disciplinary boundaries, often in deep collaboration with extra-academic parties to ensure that the research process is solution-focused, actionable, and just. As part of National Science Foundation (NSF)-funded research projects on sustainable regional systems, we present multiple perspectives on conducting convergence research within the coupled social-ecological-technological systems framework. These projects explicitly engage extra-academic parties to co-design and co-produce knowledge throughout all stages of this participatory research.

ChipletQuake: On-Die Digital Impedance Sensing for Chiplet and Interposer Verification.

The increasing complexity and cost of manufacturing monolithic chips have driven the semiconductor industry toward chiplet-based designs, where smaller, modular chiplets are integrated onto a single interposer. While chiplet architectures offer significant advantages, such as improved yields, design flexibility, and cost efficiency, they introduce new security challenges in the horizontal hardware manufacturing supply chain. These challenges include risks of hardware Trojans, cross-die side-channel and fault injection attacks, probing of chiplet interfaces, and intellectual property theft.

A novel Kupffer cell-targeting nanoparticle system to Mitigate alcohol-associated liver disease.

Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of cirrhosis-related deaths worldwide. Due to its asymptomatic progression, early diagnosis and treatment are challenging, often resulting in severe complications. To address challenges associated with conventional treatments, including non-specificity and toxicity, we developed a poly lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticle (PLGA NP)-based drug delivery system that specifically targets Kupffer cells (KCs), which are major drivers of chronic liver disease progression.

Harnessing Microbial Tools: Escherichia coli as a Vehicle for Neuropeptide Functional Analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Animals respond to changes in their environment and internal states via neuromodulation. Neuropeptides modulate neural circuits with flexibility because one gene can produce either multiple copies of the same neuropeptide or different neuropeptides. However, with this architectural complexity, the function of discrete and active neuropeptides is muddled.

LIPL-1 and LIPL-2 are TCER-1-regulated Lysosomal Lipases with Distinct Roles in Immunity and Fertility.

Reproduction and immunity are fundamental, energy intensive processes that often compete for resources, leading to trade-offs observed across diverse species. Lipid metabolism plays a crucial role in integrating these processes, particularly during stressful conditions such as pathogenic infections. Yet the molecular mechanisms governing this integration remain poorly understood.

High-Resolution EEG Source Reconstruction from PCA-Corrected BEM-FMM Reciprocal Basis Funcions: A Study with Visual Evoked Potentials from Intermittent Photic Stimulation.

Modern automated human head segmentations can generate high-resolution computational meshes involving many non-nested tissues. However, most source reconstruction software is limited to 3 -4 nested layers of low resolution and a small number of dipolar sources ~10,000. Recently, we introduced modeling techniques for source reconstruction of magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signals using the reciprocal approach and the boundary element fast multipole method (BEM-FMM).

Warm, water-depleted rocky exoplanets with surface ionic liquids: A proposed class for planetary habitability.

The discovery of thousands of exoplanets and the emergence of telescopes capable of exoplanet atmospheric characterization have intensified the search for habitable worlds. Due to selection biases, many exoplanets under study are planets deemed inhospitable because their surfaces are too warm to support liquid water. We propose that such planets could still support life through ionic liquids: Liquid salts with negligible vapor pressure that can persist on warm planets with thin atmospheres, where liquid water cannot.

Investigating Carbon Coating on Ni-Invar and Ti-6Al-4V Surfaces for Low Friction Performance.

This study explored a sustainable method for depositing carbon-based coatings on Ni-Invar and Ti-6Al-4V metallic substrates using a pack carburization process with cyanide-rich (cassava) leaves as the carbon source. Comprehensive experimental and computational analyses were performed to investigate the composition, structure, and tribological performance of the coatings. Characterization using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and lateral force microscopy (LFM) revealed that the Ni-Invar substrate developed turbostratic multilayer graphene coatings with minimal carbide formation, achieving ultralow coefficient of friction (COF) values of 0.

Corporate sustainable operations management for carbon emissions reduction: An evolutionary perspective.

Carbon emissions reduction is a global goal for climate change mitigation. Manufacturing is a key carbon emission emitter, with commensurate pressures on manufacturing enterprises to implement sustainable operations management (SOM). These pressures and responses have been studied for decades, with studies increasing significantly over the past decade.