Multifunctional Binding Interface Drives Near-Unity CO Selectivity in Acidic CO Electrolysis.

The electrocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO) reduction is challenged by the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) especially in acidic media. Here, we elaborate that redox-active isoindigo, acting as a multifunctional co-catalyst, can pre-activate CO-bound intermediates and suppress HER upon the synergistic effects of Lewis acid-base adduct formation, intramolecular hydrogen-bond interaction, and interfacial water structure modulation. Modifying a silver catalyst with isoindigo substantially decreases the energy barrier for CO-to-*COOH conversion, which is regarded as the potential-limiting step of carbon monoxide production.

Heat shock protein A1L restricts influenza A virus by ubiquitination of NA.

Neuraminidase (NA) protein of influenza A virus (IAV), a tetrameric envelope glycoprotein critical for viral release and spread, has well-characterized enzymatic functions but poorly resolved host-pathogen interactions. However, host factors targeted by NA or those regulating NA activity are largely uncharacterized. Here, we identified host heat shock protein A1L (HSPA1L) as a novel NA-binding partner that suppresses IAV replication.

Multifunctional microring structures enabled by SiN for advanced optically pumped atomic technologies.

As quantum technology advances, integrated optical chips demonstrate extensive potential in quantum information processing, atomic system measurements, and precision sensing. This paper introduces a design for a highly integrated, robust, and easily fabricated multifunctional silicon nitride (SiN) array microring chip emitter for optically pumped atomic systems. The chip emits uniformly distributed circularly polarized light at 795 nm and vortex light at 778.

Monensin suppresses EMT-driven cancer cell motility by inducing Golgi pH-dependent exocytosis of GOLIM4.

Despite extensive efforts to develop strategies to inhibit cancer metastasis-the leading cause of cancer-related deaths-progress has been limited in recent decades. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) initiates metastasis by enhancing the migratory capacity and plasticity of cancer cells, enabling them to escape the primary tumor site. Identifying vulnerabilities unique to mesenchymal cancer cells is, therefore, critical for developing effective antimetastatic therapies.

Efficient Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer by Overcoming Both Pre- and Post-Implantation Epigenetic Barriers.

Mammalian cloning through somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) involves reprogramming terminally differentiated cells into totipotent embryos. Epigenetic barriers inherited from somatic cells impede reprogramming efficiency and lead to low SCNT embryo development rates. Recent studies have identified two primary types of epigenetic barriers in mouse SCNT embryos, defective pre-implantation development due to abnormal gene expression around zygotic genome activation, associated with aberrant H3K9me3, H3K4me3, and histone acetylation, and defective post-implantation development due to loss of H3K27me3-mediated non-canonical imprinting.

Seed dormancy types and germination characteristics of six plants in the dry-warm valley of Jinshajiang River, SW China.

Seed dormancy and the requirements for germination following dormancy release are critical factors influencing the success of seedling establishment. This study examined six plant species from the dry-warm valley region of the Jinshajiang River in southwestern China, investigating their seed dormancy types and germination characteristics. Initially, germination tests were conducted using freshly matured seeds at alternating temperatures of 25/15 and 15/5 °C under light conditions.

Efficacy and Safety of Letermovir for Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Pediatric Patients.

Purpose: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection represents a severe complication following hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), resulting in high mortality. The prevention of CMV reactivation is crucial for enhancing patient prognosis post-HCT. Letermovir prophylaxis has effectively reduced the incidence of clinically significant CMV infection (csCMVi) in adult HCT recipients.

Integrated proteomics and phosphoproteomics profiling dynamic signaling networks underlying two distinct types of macrophage activation.

Macrophages play a crucial role in antimicrobial host defense and those with differential maturation/differentiation status differ in inflammatory responses. Herein, GM-CSF and M-CSF primed mouse bone marrow derived macrophages (GM-BMDMs, GM and M-BMDMs, M), the well-established macrophage models in vitro, were utilized and their dynamic signaling changes in response to gram-negative bacteria component LPS treatment were analyzed using both 4D label-free proteomics and phosphoproteomics. Protein changes maintained relatively constant within or across GM and M macrophages post LPS challenge while phospho-protein exhibited more diverse and transient changes.

Photodetectors based on chlorophyll for visible image sensing and near-infrared moving detection with bidirectional current response.

Photodetectors, with high sensitivity and broad spectral response, drive the advancements in optical imaging technology. In this work, utilizing the absorption differences of chlorophyll-a derivative (Chl) and [6,6]-phenyl-C-butyric acid methyl ester, two distinct structures of multifunctional organic photodetectors (OPDs) are fabricated, namely, bulk heterojunction (BHJ) and quasiplanar heterojunction (Q-PHJ). Chl, by modulating its doping concentration, served as both an active layer and an electron trap, enabling the BHJ OPD to exhibit a photomultiplication effect, and allowing the Q-PHJ OPD to achieve improved response speed (0.

The Novel 2.3.4.4b H5N6 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated From Wild Birds in 2023 Posing a Potential Risk to Human Health.

The highly pathogenic avian influenza 2.3.4.

Chloroquine Enhances Chemosensitivity of Breast Cancer via mTOR Inhibition.

: Chloroquine (CQ) has been extensively validated for its safety as an antimalarial drug. The treatment regimen combining CQ with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has demonstrated promising antitumor effects in both in vitro and animal models. However, the clinical application of this combination therapy still faces numerous challenges, primarily due to the unelucidated mechanistic underpinnings.

Undescribed Phyllocladane-Type Diterpenoids from Hesse ex Rehd. and Their Anti-Neuroinflammatory Activity.

Hesse ex Rehd. is an endemic plant in China and has long been used as a traditional medicine in several provinces. Although the plant has been reported to contain flavonoids, triterpenes, and alkaloids, this study represents the first report of the isolation of phyllocladane-type diterpenoids, a relatively rare class of compounds.

The Global, Regional, and National Patterns of Change in the Burden of Orofacial Clefts, 1990-2021: An Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 and Forward-Looking Forecast.

Objective: Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are the most common congenital craniofacial anomalies worldwide. However, data on the burden and trends of this disease remains limited.

Methods: This study utilizes data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study to analyze the prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life years from 1990 to 2021 at global, regional, and national levels, along with age-standardized rates and the average annual percentage change.

Dichotomous roles of ACBD3 in NSCLC growth and metastasis.

Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Unraveling the regulators behind lung cancer growth and its metastatic spread, along with understanding the underlying mechanisms, is crucial for developing novel and effective therapeutic strategies. While much research has focused on identifying potential oncogenes or tumor suppressors, the roles of certain genes can vary depending on the context and may even exhibit contradictory effects.

RIPK2 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by protecting YAP degradation from ITCH-mediated ubiquitination.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, making the exploration of metastatic mechanisms crucial for therapeutic advancements. In this study, we identified receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (RIPK2) as an independent risk factor for poor CRC prognosis. Single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics revealed that a tumor cell cluster with high RIPK2 expression exhibited enhanced metastatic potential, closely linked to bacterial invasion.

Nickel Chlorophyll-Derived Hole Transport Materials for Stable and Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

Hole-selective layers (HSLs) are critical for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Chlorophylls (Chls) and their analogs exhibit unique optoelectronic properties, making them attractive for photovoltaics. However, dopant-free Chl-based materials remain underexplored, with reported power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) below 19%.

Epidemiological trends and age-period-cohort effects on periodontal diseases incidence across the BRICS from 1992 to 2021.

Background: Periodontal diseases are prevalent oral conditions, particularly burdensome in developing countries. This study examines global and BRICS countries' changing trends in periodontal diseases incidence from 1992 to 2021, focusing on associations with age, period, and cohort effects.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional burden of disease study was conducted.

Microbial community dynamics in the soil-root continuum are linked with plant species turnover during secondary succession.

Grazing exclusion and land abandonment are commonly adopted to restore degraded ecosystems in semiarid and arid regions worldwide. However, the temporal variation in the soil- versus root-associated microbiome over plant species turnover during secondary succession has rarely been quantified. Using the chronosequence restored from fenced grassland and abandoned farmlands on the Loess Plateau of China, we characterized the dynamics of the soil- and root-associated microbiome of host plant with different dominance statuses during secondary succession from 0 to 40 years.

Achieving Buried Interface/Bulk Synergistic Passivation via Chlorophyll Derivative for Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

Buried interfacial engineering is crucial for NiO-based inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), while most passivation measures focus only on the interface and neglect the perovskite bulk. In this work, a stable free-base chlorin possessing an amino acid terminal (serinyl pyropheophorbide-a, SPPa) was synthesized as a functional chlorophyll derivative, and its trifluoroacetic acid and hydrogen chloride salts (SPPaX; X = TFA, HCl) were introduced into the NiO/perovskite interface. Thanks to the high solubility in N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, SPPaX can diffuse into the perovskite through the precursor.

Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy plus SOX chemotherapy versus SOX chemotherapy alone in patients with gastric cancer and peritoneal metastasis: a phase II randomized clinical trial.

Background: The prognosis of patients with gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis (GCPM) is exceedingly poor. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) with paclitaxel combined with S-1 and oxaliplatin (SOX) in the treatment of GCPM.

Methods: Patients with pathologically confirmed primary gastric adenocarcinoma and laparoscopy-confirmed peritoneal metastasis were enrolled and randomized to receive either HIPEC plus SOX (HIPEC group) or SOX alone (SOX group).

Anion Vacancies Coupling with Heterostructures Enable Advanced Aerogel Cathode for Ultrafast Aqueous Zinc-Ion Storage.

As a potential cathode material, manganese-based sulfide has recently attracted increasing interest due to its many advantages in aqueous zinc-ion storage. Unfortunately, some challenges such as sluggish kinetics, unstable structure, and controversial phase transition mechanism during the energy storage process hinder its practical application. Herein, inspired by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, a novel 3D sulfur vacancy-rich and heterostructured MnS/MXene aerogel is designed, and used as a cathode for aqueous Zn-ion batteries/hybrid capacitors (ZIBs/ZICs) for the first time.

Prediction of Alpha Power Using Multiple Subjective Measures and Autonomic Responses.

Alpha oscillations are associated with various cognitive functions. However, the determinants of alpha power variation remain ambiguous, primarily due to its inconsistent associations with autonomic responses and subjective states under different experimental conditions. To thoroughly examine the correlations between alpha power variation and these factors, we implemented a range of experimental conditions, encompassing attentional and emotional tasks, as well as a resting-state.

NAC transcription factor PpNAP4 positively regulates the synthesis of carotenoid and abscisic acid (ABA) during peach ripening.

Yellow-fleshed peaches (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) are recognized as an excellent dietary source of carotenoids. The metabolic process of carotenoids in plants has been extensively characterized; however, the molecular mechanisms controlling carotenoid accumulation in peaches, particularly the transcriptional regulators upstream this process, remain poorly understood.

Synchronously Delivering Melittin and Evoking Ferroptosis via Tumor Microenvironment-Triggered Self-Destructive Metal-Organic Frameworks to Boost Cancer Immunotherapy.

The primary goal of treating malignant tumors is to efficiently eliminate the primary tumor and prevent metastasis and recurrence. Unfortunately, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) is a significant obstacle to effective oncotherapy. Herein, a therapeutic strategy based on melittin (MLT) encapsulated in hyaluronic acid-modified metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is pioneered, focusing on the safe delivery and TME-responsive release of MLT to reshaping the immunosuppressive TME and simultaneously activating the immune system to eradicate cancerous cells.