The Immunodeficiency Profile of Lymphocytes in the Patient with Moesin Gene Mutation During Different Infection.

Purpose: The Ezrin-Radixin-Moesin (ERM) family member moesin (MSN) plays a crucial role in reversibly linking F-actin to the cell membrane. Patients carrying MSN gene mutations consistently exhibit immunodeficiencies. However, due to the scarce number of reported cases worldwide, the mechanism by which MSN mutation leads to immune function defects remains unclear.

Effects of different extraction methods on the volatile components and numbing substances in red ( Maxim.) and green ( DC.).

( Maxim. and DC.) is a traditional Chinese spice with a unique flavor and taste.

Effects of dietary fiber on Chinese children with functional constipation and targeted modification of gut microbiota and related metabolites.

Background: Although dietary fiber is widely recommended for preventing and treating functional constipation (FC), clinical trial evidence remains limited and the efficacy has not been sufficiently tested in children.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary fiber on FC symptoms, while identifying modulations in gut microbiota and associated metabolic changes.

Results: Between January 1, 2024, and June 1, 2024, a total of 60 patients diagnosed with FC were enrolled in the study across three centers; however, 54 children completed the study.

Comprehensive analysis of the impact of extraction methods on the volatile organic compounds and flavor profiles of Piper nigrum L. varieties.

This study compared the effects of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UE), Soxhlet extraction (SE), and steam distillation (SD) on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and flavor profiles of Piper nigrum L. varieties (Vietnamese pepper, VP; Kampot pepper, KP; Dapo pepper, DP). Using electronic nose, GC-MS, and UPLC analyses, UE showed superior retention of VOC diversity and aromatic complexity, while SE maximized piperine retention (e.

Clinical Features of Migraine, Vestibular Migraine, and Tension-Type Headache and Their Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential Study.

Background: Migraine, vestibular migraine (VM), and tension-type headache (TTH) are commonly associated with dizziness, vertigo, and postural instability, which increases patients' risk of falling and contributes to anxiety and depression. However, the vestibular pathophysiology underlying these primary headache disorders remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the saccular and utricular functions using vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs), to investigate the peripheral and central vestibular involvement across these headaches.

Water availability positions auxin response maxima to determine plant regeneration fates.

Wounding and hormones serve as diverse triggers for regeneration in animals and plants. Despite important advances in understanding various types of regeneration, the mechanism by which plants determine regeneration outcomes remains largely unknown. Here we demonstrate in Arabidopsis that a trade-off between two regeneration fates, wound-induced callus and root regeneration, was driven by distinct molecular pathways related to cambium and root development, respectively.

Efficacy and Safety of Letermovir for Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Pediatric Patients.

Purpose: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection represents a severe complication following hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), resulting in high mortality. The prevention of CMV reactivation is crucial for enhancing patient prognosis post-HCT. Letermovir prophylaxis has effectively reduced the incidence of clinically significant CMV infection (csCMVi) in adult HCT recipients.

Markovnikov Protoborylation of Unactivated Terminal Alkenes via Copper-Guanidine Catalysis.

Herein copper-catalyzed Markovnikov protoborylation of unactivated terminal alkenes was achieved through the employment of a bulky σ-donating guanidine ligand. The reaction demonstrated good tolerance to diverse functional groups and remarkable selectivity for branched borylation products (86:14-97:3) under ambient conditions, which enabled the synthesis of secondary alkyl boronates in grams with further valuable derivatizations. Mechanistic studies suggested the boryl insertion to C═C bonds via Cu-guanidine complex and ruled out the possibility of a diboration-protodeboronation process.

Prediction of neuroblastoma prognosis with a novel T-cell exhaustion-related gene signature.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common type of pediatric extra-cranial tumor that arises in the sympathetic nervous system. The heterogeneity of T-cell exhaustion (TEX) has been linked to the determination of distinct clinical outcomes and the effectiveness of immunotherapy in numerous adult malignancies. Therefore, studying the heterogeneous TEX landscape in NB as well as its impact on clinical outcomes is meaningful.

Mechanistic elucidation of ultraviolet light and peracetic acid coupling-driven enhancements in short-chain fatty acid production from sludge: Reactive species-induced organic solubilization and microbial function regulation.

This study investigates the potential of enhancing short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production during anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge through ultraviolet (UV) and peracetic acid (PAA) treatment. Under optimal conditions (UV irradiation time = 60 min and PAA dosage = 0.03 g/g VSS (volatile suspended solids), UV/PAA pretreatment enhanced sludge solubility, improved the biodegradability of organic matter, and facilitated pollutant degradation.

Sodium alginate hydrogel beads loaded with clove essential oil liposomes: Preparation, characterization and fumigant activity.

This study successfully developed a stable and effective delivery system for clove essential oil (CEO) using combination of liposomes and hydrogel beads via thin-film hydration method. Chitosan (CH) was incorporated for protection, and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was used in combination with sodium alginate and calcium ions to form the hydrogel beads. The liposome encapsulation efficiency of CEO was 87.

Cuprate ion-pair catalyzed conjugate borylation of vinyl sulfones in a biphasic system.

Herein we report the conjugate borylation of vinyl sulfones mediated by ion pairing, which enables the efficient synthesis of β-sulfonyl alcohols bearing diverse functionalities in 13-98% yields. Further mechanistic investigations suggest the formation of anionic boryl-copper intermediates that kinetically accelerate reactant transfer across phases and provide enhanced boryl nucleophilicity.

[Factors associated with prognosis and treatment failure in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

Objectives: To explore the factors related to prognosis and treatment failure in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to collect and analyze clinical data of ALL children admitted to the Department of Pediatric Hematology at Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, from January 2012 to December 2019, with follow-up until June 2024.

Results: A total of 341 children with ALL were included.

Advantages and challenges of using allogeneic vs. autologous sources for neuronal cell replacement in Parkinson's disease: Insights from non-human primate studies.

Intracerebral grafting of dopamine-producing cells is proposed as a strategy to replace the typical neurons lost to Parkinson's disease (PD) and improve PD motor symptoms. Non-human primate studies have provided clues on the relationship between the host's immune response and grafting success. Herein, we discuss how the host's immune system differentially affects the graft depending on the origin of the cells and reflect on the advantages and limitations of the immune paradigms utilized to assess graft-related outcomes.

[Effect of Whole-Course Empowerment Health Intervention on Psychological Resilience and Self-care Ability in Older Patients With Severe Pneumonia].

Objective: To investigate the effect of whole-course empowerment health intervention on the psychological resilience and self-care ability of older patients with severe pneumonia.

Methods: A total of 210 older patients with severe pneumonia admitted to Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital between January 2020 and December 2023 were enrolled. The patients were sequentially numbered according to the order of admission.

Effect of gestational weight gain on adverse birth outcomes in twin pregnancies: a prospective cohort study in Chinese women.

Background: Gestational weight gain (GWG) plays a critical role in determining birth outcomes, especially in twin pregnancies. However, the association between GWG and adverse birth outcomes in twin pregnancies remains inconclusive. This study aims to define GWG according to different classification criteria and explore their associations with adverse birth outcomes in twin pregnancies.

Pediatric pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma with a non-canonical BRAF-KMT2C fusion and a classic SND1-BRAF fusion: a case report and literature review.

Background: Pediatric pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (PACC) is an exceptionally rare and poorly understood malignancy with a challenging prognosis. Its clinical presentation is often atypical, and standardized treatment guidelines are currently unavailable. While genetic alterations in adult PACC have been studied to some extent, knowledge of genetic abnormalities in pediatric cases remains limited.

Damage activates EXG1 and RLP44 to suppress vascular differentiation during regeneration in Arabidopsis.

Plants possess remarkable regenerative abilities to form de novo vasculature after damage and in response to pathogens that invade and withdraw nutrients. To identify common factors that affect vascular formation upon stress, we searched for Arabidopsis thaliana genes differentially expressed upon Agrobacterium infection, nematode infection, and plant grafting. One such gene is cell wall-related and highly induced by all three stresses, which we named ENHANCED XYLEM AND GRAFTING1 (EXG1), since its mutations promote ectopic xylem formation in a vascular cell induction system and enhance graft formation.

Circulating Tumor DNA Combining with Imaging Analysis for Lesion Detection of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Children.

Background: The detection of mutations from circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) represents a promising enrichment technique. In this retrospective study, the significance of ctDNA and imaging in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) monitoring was first examined, and the broader role of ctDNA in monitoring LCH was additionally explored.

Methods: First, data visualization and survival analysis models were used to generalize the concordance between cfBRAF molecular response and radiographic response on clinical outcomes.

Distinct phenotypes in the preeclamptic-like mouse model induced by adenovirus carrying sFlt1 and recombinant sFlt1 protein.

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific, multisystemic disorder that affects 2-8% pregnancies worldwide and is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality. At present, there is no cure for PE apart from delivery the placenta. Therefore, it is important and urgent to possess a suitable animal model to study the pathology and treatment of PE.

Simplified methods for variance estimation in microbiome abundance count data analysis.

The complex nature of microbiome data has made the differential abundance analysis challenging. Microbiome abundance counts are often skewed to the right and heteroscedastic (also known as overdispersion), potentially leading to incorrect inferences if not properly addressed. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective framework to tackle the challenges by integrating Poisson (log-linear) regression with standard error estimation through the Bootstrap method and Sandwich robust estimation.

Hohaiivirga grylli gen. nov., sp. nov., a New Member of the Family Methylobacteriaceae, Isolated from Cricket (Gryllus chinensis).

A Gram-staining negative, non-motile, rod-shaped, oxidase negative and catalase positive strain WL0021 was isolated from cricket (Gryllus chinensis) living in the campus of Hohai University. Strain WL0021 was characterized utilizing a polyphasic taxonomy approach. The major fatty acids (> 5%) for strain WL0021 were C and summed feature 8, and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phospholipid, two aminolipids, and an unidentified polar lipid.

Autologous vs heterologous cell replacement strategies for Parkinson disease and other neurologic diseases.

Successful cell replacement strategies for brain repair depend on graft integration into the neural network, which is affected by the immune response to the grafted cells. Using Parkinson disease as an example, in this chapter, we consider the immune system interaction and its role in autologous vs heterologous graft survival and integration, as well as past and emerging strategies to overcome the immunologic response. We also reflect on the role of nonhuman primate research to assess novel approaches and consider the role of different stakeholders on advancing the most promising new approaches into the clinic.

Efficacy and safety of intraoperative injection of mitomycin C during trabeculectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Trabeculectomy, a primary surgical treatment for glaucoma, often employs mitomycin C (MMC) to reduce scar formation and improve surgical outcomes. However, the optimal application method of MMC, whether by injection or sponge, remains a subject of debate. This meta-analysis aims to compare injectable and sponge-based MMC application in terms of efficacy and safety, focusing on various clinical outcomes in glaucoma patients.