Multifunctional Binding Interface Drives Near-Unity CO Selectivity in Acidic CO Electrolysis.

The electrocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO) reduction is challenged by the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) especially in acidic media. Here, we elaborate that redox-active isoindigo, acting as a multifunctional co-catalyst, can pre-activate CO-bound intermediates and suppress HER upon the synergistic effects of Lewis acid-base adduct formation, intramolecular hydrogen-bond interaction, and interfacial water structure modulation. Modifying a silver catalyst with isoindigo substantially decreases the energy barrier for CO-to-*COOH conversion, which is regarded as the potential-limiting step of carbon monoxide production.

Ace2 mutation disrupts amino acid absorption, impairs growth, and alters microbiota dynamics in zebrafish.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (Ace2) is a well-studied enzyme with important physiological functions in mammals. However, its roles in non-mammalian animals remain largely unexplored. This study investigates the function of Ace2 in zebrafish using CRISPR/Cas9-generated ace2 mutants (-/-).

Seasonal variations in greenhouse gas production in coastal sandy sediments.

Understanding the greenhouse gas (GHG) production rates and ecological effects of sandy coastal sediments is critical for refining global carbon cycle assessments. Despite their extensive distribution and potential role in climate regulation, sandy sediments remain understudied compared to muddy counterparts, particularly regarding seasonal dynamics and redox-controlled biogeochemical processes. This study investigates seasonal GHG dynamics in sandy coastal sediments of the Guangdong Province, China.

An EEG Screening Method for Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Based on Limited Penetrable Difference Visibility Graph and Graph Convolutional Network.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a common respiratory disease characterized by recurrent airway block during sleep, which does great harm to the human body. Utilizing the electroencephalogram (EEG) has been proven instrumental in OSA detection, as sleep apnea occurrences induce discernible alterations in EEG patterns. In this study, we propose a Limited Penetrable Difference Visibility Graph (LPDVG) method to screen severe OSA.

Ampere-level co-electrosynthesis of formate from CO reduction paired with formaldehyde dehydrogenation reactions.

Current catalysts face challenges with low formate selectivity at high current densities during the CO electroreduction. Here, we showcase a versatile strategy to enhance the formate production on p-block metal-based catalysts by incorporating noble metal atoms on their surface, refining oxygen affinity, and tuning adsorption of the critical oxygen-bound *OCHO intermediate. The formate yield is observed to afford a volcano-like dependence on the *OCHO binding strength across a series of modified catalysts.

Accelerated differentiation of photothermal effect-induced mesenchymal stem cells regulated by activating HSP90-autophagy boosts wound repair.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) have the potential for pluripotent differentiation, transformation into stromal cells, and release of various cytokines to accelerate tissue healing as well as fight against inflammatory response. However, the differentiation and maturation of MSC require considerable time, which limits their clinical application. To tackle this difficulty, we herein propose a strategy of "selective accelerated activation of MSC by photothermal effect (PTE)" based on our previous work of "laser-controlled platelet activation".

SPI1 activates mitochondrial unfolded response signaling to inhibit chondrocyte senescence and relieves osteoarthritis.

Chondrocyte senescence is a critical pathological hallmark of osteoarthritis (OA). Aberrant mechanical stress is considered a pivotal determinant in chondrocyte aging; however, the precise underlying mechanism remains elusive. Our findings demonstrate that SPI1 plays a significant role in counteracting chondrocyte senescence and inhibiting OA progression.

Electro-activated indigos intensify ampere-level CO reduction to CO on silver catalysts.

The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO) to carbon monoxide (CO) is challenged by a selectivity decline at high current densities. Here we report a class of indigo-based molecular promoters with redox-active CO binding sites to enhance the high-rate conversion of CO to CO on silver (Ag) catalysts. Theoretical calculations and in situ spectroscopy analyses demonstrate that the synergistic effect at the interface of indigo-derived compounds and Ag nanoparticles could activate CO molecules and accelerate the formation of key intermediates (*CO and *COOH) in the CO pathway.

Biomimetic Superwetting Phenomena for Antifogging Surfaces.

Fog formation on transparent windows compromises the visual clarity of these surfaces and brings hidden safety dangers, which underscores the importance of research into antifogging coatings. In recent years, biomimetic superwetting coatings have garnered significant attention as a key technology for addressing fogging issues. This review outlines the latest advancements in the design and fabrication of superwetting antifogging materials.

A chromosome-level genome assembly of the mud carp (Cirrhinus molitorella).

Algal blooms, which have become increasingly prevalent worldwide over the past decade, significantly impact on water quality and aquatic organisms. Filter-feeding fish are used to control phytoplankton and improve the ecological quality of water bodies. Mud carp (Cirrhinus molitorella) is a freshwater cyprinid species that predominantly consumes algae.

Full-Length Transcriptome Construction and Systematic Characterization of Virulence Factor-Associated Isoforms in () .

is a single-cellular fungus that obligately infects the midgut epithelial cells of adult honeybees, causing bee microsporidiosis and jeopardizing bee health and production. This work aims to construct the full-length transcriptome of and conduct a relevant investigation using PacBio single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing technology. Following PacBio SMRT sequencing, 41,950 circular consensus (CCS) were generated, and 25,068 full-length non-chimeric (FLNC) reads were then detected.

Effects of salinity on nitrogen reduction pathways in estuarine wetland sediments.

Denitrification, anammox, and DNRA are three important nitrogen (N) reduction pathways in estuarine sediments. Although salinity is an important variables controlling microbial growth and activities, knowledge about the effects of changing salinity on those three processes in estuarine and coastal wetland sediments are not well understood. Herein, we performed a 60-d microcosms experiment with different salinities (0, 5, 15, 25 and 35 ‰) to explore the vital role of salinity in controlling N-loss and N retention in estuarine wetland sediments.

Robust Transparent Photothermal Omniphobic Coating for Efficient Anti/Deicing and Antifogging.

Icing and fogging on optical material surfaces bring various problems in daily life. Recently, some photothermal coatings have been reported to prevent the condensation or freeze of water droplets by increasing the surface temperature. However, it is a great challenge to apply them in practical conditions due to their opaqueness and poor mechanical wear-resistant property.

Precursor-Directed Biosynthesis of Neoantimycin Derivatives with Selective Cytotoxicity.

A precursor-directed biosynthesis approach led to the accumulation of seven new neoantimycin derivatives (-) from RJ2. Structure elucidation was conducted using NMR and HRESIMS analysis, and the absolute configuration was determined by advanced Marfey's method, Mosher's analysis, and ECD analysis. The obtained compounds revealed selective and significant cytotoxicity, specifically against colorectal cancer cells bearing the K-ras mutation, with IC values ranging from 40 nM to 3.

Combination of AS101 and Mefloquine Inhibits Carbapenem-Resistant in vitro and in vivo.

Background: In recent years, carbapenem-resistant (CRPA) has spread around the world, leading to a high mortality and close attention of medical community. In this study, we aim to find a new strategy of treatment for CRPA infections.

Methods: Eight strains of CRPA were collected, and PCR detected the multi-locus sequence typing (MLST).

An Investigation Into Whether the Facial Nerve and Auditory Nerve can be Protected by Removal of the Posterior Wall of the Internal Auditory Canal Under 30° Neuroendoscopy During Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical technique of microresection of vestibular schwannoma by removing the posterior wall of the internal auditory canal (IAC) under neuroelectrophysiological monitoring and 30° neuroendoscopy, with respect to the protection of facial and auditory nerve function. Forty-five cases of microscopic resection of auditory neuromas were performed through a posterior approach to the inferior occipital sigmoid sinus using a 30° neuroendoscope to assist in the removal of the posterior wall of the IAC during surgery. Patients underwent cranial enhancement magnetic resonance imaging examination and functional assessment of the facial and auditory nerves before and after surgery, and clinical data were collected for retrospective analysis.

Cooperative Copper Single-Atom Catalyst in 2D Carbon Nitride for Enhanced CO Electrolysis to Methane.

Renewable-electricity-powered carbon dioxide (CO) reduction (eCOR) to high-value fuels like methane (CH) holds the potential to close the carbon cycle at meaningful scales. However, this kinetically staggered 8-electron multistep reduction suffers from inadequate catalytic efficiency and current density. Atomic Cu-structures can boost eCOR-to-CH selectivity due to enhanced intermediate binding energies (BEs) resulting from favorably shifted d-band centers.

18-Residue Peptaibols Produced by the Sponge-Derived sp. GXIMD 01001.

Seven new 18-residue peptaibols, trichorzins A-G (-), were isolated from the sponge-derived fungus sp. GXIMD 01001. Their structures and configurations were characterized by a comprehensive interpretation of the NMR spectroscopic data, MS/MS fragmentation, Marfey's method, and ECD analysis.

Multi-Objective Optimization of Sugarcane Milling System Operations Based on a Deep Data-Driven Model.

The extraction of sugarcane juice is the first step of sugar production. The optimal values of process indicators and the set values of operating parameters in this process are still determined by workers' experience, preventing adaptive adjustment of the production process. To address this issue, a multi-objective optimization framework based on a deep data-driven model is proposed to optimize the operation of sugarcane milling systems.

Design of an ultra-broadband optical filter based on a local micro-structured long period fiber grating near PMTP.

This paper presents a local micro-structured long period fiber grating (LMS-LPFG) ultra-broadband optical filter based on the wide bandwidth near the phase-matching turning point (PMTP). The structure of LMS-LPFG is obtained by dividing a LPFG into two parts of equal length and reducing the cladding radius of the second LPFG. At this time, the LMS-LPFG can be regarded as a cascade of two equal-length LPFGs with different resonance wavelengths.

Grain Boundary-Derived Cu /Cu Interfaces in CuO Nanosheets for Low Overpotential Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction to Ethylene.

Electrochemical CO reduction reaction can be used to produce value-added hydrocarbon fuels and chemicals by coupling with clean electrical energy. However, highly active, selective, and energy-efficient CO conversion to multicarbon hydrocarbons, such as C H , remains challenging because of the lack of efficient catalysts. Herein, an ultrasonication-assisted electrodeposition strategy to synthesize CuO nanosheets for low-overpotential CO electroreduction to C H is reported.