Combined μ-XRF and XANES Track the Behavior of Pb from PM Entering Chinese Cabbage Leaves.

Atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM) is the main contributor to Pb accumulation in edible Chinese cabbage leaves in North China. PM-Pb primarily enters leaves via stomatal foliar uptake. However, how PM-Pb is transported and stored within the leaf cells of Chinese cabbage remains unclear.

[Characteristics of Cd, As, and Pb Pollution in Farmland Soil and Edible Parts of Chili Pepper and Sweet Potato and Their Health Risk Assessment].

To clarify the characteristics of Cd, As, and Pb concentrations in edible parts of crops and farmland soils, a key farmland survey was conducted on the field scale to investigate the characteristics of Cd, As, and Pb in soil and chili pepper （edible parts in the above-ground section） and sweet potato （edible parts under the ground） and assess the health risk of Cd-As-Pb in edible parts of chili pepper and sweet potato to humans in the typical co-contaminated agricultural soils by Cd, As, and Pb from metal smelting and sewage irrigation in North China. The results showed that the agricultural soil from chili pepper and sweet potato fields was co-contaminated by Cd and As at a moderate pollution level. The combined pollution index （2.

Foliar uptake screening: A promising strategy for identifying wheat varieties with low lead accumulation.

Lead (Pb) contamination in wheat grain is of great concern, especially in North China. Atmospheric deposition is a major contributor to Pb accumulation in wheat grain. Screening low Pb accumulating wheat varieties has been an effective method for addressing Pb contamination in wheat grain.

Precursor-Directed Biosynthesis of Neoantimycin Derivatives with Selective Cytotoxicity.

A precursor-directed biosynthesis approach led to the accumulation of seven new neoantimycin derivatives (-) from RJ2. Structure elucidation was conducted using NMR and HRESIMS analysis, and the absolute configuration was determined by advanced Marfey's method, Mosher's analysis, and ECD analysis. The obtained compounds revealed selective and significant cytotoxicity, specifically against colorectal cancer cells bearing the K-ras mutation, with IC values ranging from 40 nM to 3.

[Blocking Effects of Foliar Conditioners on Cadmium, Arsenic, and Lead Accumulation in Wheat Grain in Compound-contaminated Farmland].

Heavy metal contamination of soil has become a hot issue of social concern due to its impact on the safety of agricultural products in recent years. Wheat is one of the most dominant staple food crops worldwide and has become a major source of toxic metals in human diets. Foliar application was considered to be a more efficient and economical method of heavy metal remediation.

Roots recruited distinct rhizo-microbial communities to adapt to long-term Cd and As co-contaminated soil in wheat-maize rotation.

Cd and As accumulation in staple crops poses potential risks to food safety and human health. Rhizo-microbial communities are involved in their behaviors from soil to crops. However, the responses of rhizo-microbial communities to different Cd and As co-contaminated soils in wheat‒maize rotation are still unclear.

[Distribution and Transport of Cadmium and Arsenic in Different Aboveground Parts of Wheat After Flowering].

To investigate the effects of leaves and stems on the accumulation and transport of cadmium(Cd) and arsenic(As) in wheat shoots after flowering, a field experiment was conducted in a typical Cd and As co-contaminated agricultural land to explore the distribution and translocation of Cd and As in the different parts of two wheat cultivars after flowering. The results showed that Cd was mainly distributed in the nodes of two varieties, and the translocation factors of Cd from internode 3 to node 2, from internode 2 to node 1, and from sheath 1 to node 1 were markedly higher than those of other aboveground parts during the grain-filling stage. However, Cd was mainly distributed in the leaves, and the translocation factors of Cd from sheath to leaf and from node 1 to rachis was significantly higher than those of other parts at the mature stage.

A dirigent protein complex directs lignin polymerization and assembly of the root diffusion barrier.

Functionally similar to the tight junctions present in animal guts, plant roots have evolved a lignified Casparian strip as an extracellular diffusion barrier in the endodermis to seal the root apoplast and maintain nutrient homeostasis. How this diffusion barrier is structured has been partially defined, but its lignin polymerization and assembly steps remain elusive. Here, we characterize a family of dirigent proteins (DPs) essential for both the localized polymerization of lignin required for Casparian strip biogenesis in the cell wall and for attachment of the strip to the plasma membrane to seal the apoplast.

Rhizosphere bacteria regulated arsenic bioavailability and accumulation in the soil-Chinese cabbage system.

The accumulation of arsenic (As) in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) has recently been a source of concern for a potential risk to human health. It is unknown whether natural variations of As accumulation in different genotypes of Chinese cabbage are related to rhizobacterial characteristics.

Transcriptomic mechanisms of reduced PM-Pb retention in the leaves of the low-Pb-accumulation genotype of Chinese cabbage.

Atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM) mainly contributes to Pb accumulation in the edible leaves of Chinese cabbage in North China. It was found that a low-Pb-accumulation (LPA) genotype of Chinese cabbage contained less Pb in leaves than high-Pb-accumulation (HPA) genotype exposed to PM-Pb. However, there are no data on the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of foliar PM-Pb uptake by Chinese cabbage.

Mechanism of Pb accumulation in Chinese cabbage leaves: Stomata and trichomes regulate foliar uptake of Pb in atmospheric PM.

Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) is one of the most popular and frequently consumed leafy vegetables. It was found that atmospheric PM-Pb contributes to Pb accumulation in the edible leaves of Chinese cabbage via stomata in North China during haze seasons with high concentrations of fine particulate matter in autumn and winter.

Bioimaging of Pb by LA-ICP-MS and Pb isotopic compositions reveal distributions and origins of Pb in wheat grain.

Atmospheric heavy metal deposition in agroecosystems has increased recently, especially in northern China, which poses serious risks to crop safety and human health via food chain. Wheat grains can accumulate high levels of Pb even when wheat is planted in soils with low levels of Pb. However, the influence of atmospheric deposition on the accumulation and distribution of Pb in wheat grain is still unclear.

Contribution of PM-Pb in atmospheric fallout to Pb accumulation in Chinese cabbage leaves via stomata.

Foliar uptake of Pb is especially important when Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa spp. pekinensis), having a large leaf surface area, is cultivated in North China during seasons with heavy haze. However, the mechanisms of foliar Pb uptake via stomata by Chinese cabbage exposed to atmospheric fallout are unclear.

[Characteristics of Cd, As, and Pb in Soil and Wheat Grains and Health Risk Assessment of Grain-Cd/As/Pb on the Field Scale].

In recent years, heavy metal pollution in farmlands has become increasingly serious because of human activities such as metal smelting, sewage irrigation, and road traffic in China. A field survey was conducted to investigate characteristics of Cd, As, and Pb in soil and wheat grains and assess the health risk of grain-Cd/As/Pb to humans on the fields scale. The farmland was influenced by smelter and sewage irrigation in the attitude and by road traffic in the horizon.

Spraying silicon to decrease inorganic arsenic accumulation in rice grain from arsenic-contaminated paddy soil.

Addition of Si to soil can reduce As uptake and accumulation in rice, while also enhancing As release from soil particles via competing sorption sites in soil minerals with As. Foliar application of Si might be an alternative pathway to reduce As accumulation in rice. It is not clear which growing stage would be better for spraying different types of Si solution to reduce inorganic As in edible parts of rice.

Characteristics of heavy metals in soils and grains of wheat and maize from farmland irrigated with sewage.

The farmland irrigation with the sewage is a common and better pathway to save the resource of groundwater in Northern China. The investigation was conducted in the farmland along the Fuhe River to explore characteristics of heavy metals in soils and grains of wheat and maize from a long-term sewage-irrigated area of Baoding region. The results showed that the topsoil with long-term sewage irrigation accumulated more Cd, Pb, and Hg compared with that of soil irrigated with groundwater and their corresponding natural background values.

Do Si/As ratios in growth medium affect arsenic uptake, arsenite efflux and translocation of arsenite in rice (Oryza sativa)?

Silicon (Si) may decrease the uptake and accumulation of arsenic (As) in rice. However, the effects of Si/As ratios in growth medium on arsenic uptake, arsenite efflux to the external medium and translocation of arsenite in rice are currently unclear. Rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.

[Mechanisms of copper uptake by submerged plant Hydrilla verticillata ( L. F. ) royle and Myriophyllum spicatum L].

Cultivation experiments, including short-term copper uptake kinetics, uptake kinetics of Cu by different subcellular fractions and efflux of Cu, were carried out to investigate mechanisms of copper uptake by two species of submerged macrophyte, Hydrilla verticillata (L. f. ) Royle and Myriophyllum spicatum L.

Arsenic accumulation and speciation in the submerged macrophyte Ceratophyllum demersum L.

Introduction: Ceratophyllum demersum L. is a widespread submerged macrophyte in aquatic environments.

Methods: Simulation experiments were conducted in the laboratory to investigate arsenic (As) accumulation, speciation, and efflux of C.

Arsenic accumulation and translocation in the submerged macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle.

Worldwide contamination of arsenic in aquatic systems requires the development of a cost-effective, in situ phytoremediation technology. Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.

[Effect of competitive interference on the biosorption of lead (II) by Hydrilla verticallata].

Using submerged aquatic plant is a cheap and clean technique to remediate heavy metals in wastewaters. Batch experiments were conducted to assess the biosorption characteristics of Pb (II) ions by fresh tissues of Hydrilla verticallata. The biosorption of Pb(II) was examined for single, binary and ternary solutions at different initial concentrations and different pH values.

Copper uptake and translocation in a submerged aquatic plant Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle.

A comprehensive understanding of the uptake, tolerance and transport of heavy metals in the wetland system through aquatic plants will be essential for the development of phytoremediation technologies. Copper accumulation and translocation of a submersed macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.

Competitive effect of Cu(II) and Zn(II) on the biosorption of lead(II) by Myriophyllum spicatum.

Batch experiments were conducted to assess the effects of Cu(II) and Zn(II) on the biosorption of Pb(II) ions by fresh tissues of Myriophyllum spicatum. The biosorption of Pb(II) was examined for single, binary and ternary solutions at different initial concentrations and different pH values. The experimental results showed that the biosorption capacity increased with increasing pH from 2.