A reliable UAV tracking system with online re-detection network.

Failures in long-term tracking have been frequently reported, posing significant challenges for the practical implementation of UAV tracking systems. Previous research has often employed a metric based on the current tracking state to assess reliability, coupled with a time-consuming re-detection network designed to recover the lost target. However, this approach lacks sufficient robustness and flexibility when dealing with unknown factors present in complex tracking scenarios.

Reduced phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine levels correlate with inflammatory activation in sepsis-associated encephalopathy.

Background: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a severe complication of sepsis, often leading to poor neurological outcomes. Lipid molecules are increasingly recognized for their potential involvement in both sepsis and cognitive impairment. However, the relationship between lipidomic alterations and SAE remains incompletely understood.

Multidimensional social signature de-anonymizes low-sensitivity data.

Although privacy protection is increasingly important in the digital age, current measures predominantly focus on safeguarding high-sensitivity data, often overlooking the risks associated with low-sensitivity data. Here, we utilize low-sensitivity anonymous interaction data, which depict the behavioral interaction patterns between users and their contacts, to construct multidimensional social signature for identifying users in anonymous datasets. We investigate the potential of low-sensitivity social signature for user identification and propose a classification framework for measuring feature sensitivity levels.

Effects of kiwifruit addition on the physicochemical properties and volatile flavor compounds of fermented goat milk by different strains.

Fermented goat milk with kiwifruit (FGMK) and without kiwifruit (FGML) were prepared using 8 isolated lactic acid bacteria strains. Both FGML and FGMK samples showed viable cell counts of 5.70 to 7.

An Integrated Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, and Experimental Validation Study to Investigate the Potential Mechanism of Isoliquiritigenin in the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke.

Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is a type of chalcone that widely exists in medicinal plants of the Leguminosae family and exhibits a remarkable anti-ischemic stroke (IS) effect. However, the anti-IS mechanisms of ISL remain to be systematically elucidated. In this study, network pharmacology was used to predict potential targets related to the anti-IS effect of ISL.

Over-expression of CsHAK4 from tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.) negatively regulates high salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis.

Members of the HAK/KUP/KT family play crucial roles in potassium (K⁺) uptake, transport, and abiotic stress responses. However, their functions in woody plants remain poorly characterized. Here, we identified CsHAK4, a root-specific K⁺ transporter gene in tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.

A dual-domain regularization method for ring artifact removal of X-ray CT.

Background: Photon-counting detectors (PCDs) offer improved spatial resolution and dose efficiency. However, as a new X-ray detection device, PCD faces technical challenges, particularly the non-uniformity among detector units, which can lead to ring artifacts in reconstructed CT images.

Purpose: To address this challenge, we propose a dual-domain regularization model to effectively remove ring artifacts while maintaining the integrity of the original CT image.

Inflammation-Targeted Molecular Imaging for Myocarditis: Recent Advances in Target Mechanisms, Probe Development, and Translational Applications.

Inflammation is the key feature of myocarditis, which remains challenging to diagnose due to its complex etiology and nonspecific clinical presentation. In recent years, inflammation-targeted molecular imaging has become a research priority, and noninvasive monitoring of cardiac inflammation is expected to improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis. This review focuses on the molecular imaging probes and targets for myocarditis in radionuclide imaging, ultrasound imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), discussing the characteristics and applications of each probe-target combination and their potential limitations.

Multi-function of adipose-derived stem cells on gut disorder: from bench to bedside.

Unlabelled: Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are a specific type of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) obtained easily from adipose tissue (AT). Compared with MSCs, ADSCs are easier to obtain, have fewer ethical issues, and have a higher proliferative capacity, which makes them a promising type of stem cell in regenerative medicine. ADSCs possess impressive capabilities in cell regeneration as well as differentiation, making them promising candidates for injury repair, tissue regeneration and alleviation of inflamed tissues.

The FLATCAN Model: A Novel Score for Predicting Mortality Risk in Anti-Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Gene 5-Positive Dermatomyositis.

Background And Objective: Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5-positive dermatomyositis (MDA5 + DM) exhibits the worst prognosis among all subtypes of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, with substantial heterogeneity in patient outcomes. This study aimed to investigate prognostic factors for MDA5 + DM and develop a scoring system to determine mortality risk.

Methods: This retrospective study included 621 patients with MDA5 + DM.

Stimulator of interferon genes-targeted positron emission tomography tracks early microbiota-induced tumor immune remodeling and guides immunotherapy.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have made dramatic evolution in cancer management, yet their curative effect remains limited in most tumors characterized by "cold" immunophenotype. Immune remodeling by transforming "cold" tumor to "hot" one is essential to improve ICIs response, and gut microbiota modulation has emerged as a promising approach. Nevertheless, a significant challenge lies in the absence of reliable tools for early assessment of immune remodeling.

Demographics, risk factors associated with malignant progression, and pregnancy outcomes of hydatidiform mole: A retrospective cohort study in Shanghai, China.

Objective: This study aimed to clarify the demographics, evaluate risk factors associated with malignant progression, and assess pregnancy outcomes among patients with hydatidiform mole (HM) using a large, retrospective cohort study in Shanghai.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients with pathologically confirmed HM from 2019 to 2023. Descriptive analyses were performed to describe the demographic characteristics, progression to postmolar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (pGTN), and reproductive outcomes of patients.

Ring-artifacts removal for spectral photon counting CT.

Compared to energy-integrating detectors, photon counting detectors (PCDs) offer a better spatial resolution, higher contrast-to-noise ratio, elimination of electronic noise, improved dose efficiency, and routine multi-energy imaging. However, limited by current processing technologies, the removal of ring artifacts has become an inevitable research challenge in the pursuit of high-quality imaging. In this paper, we propose a dual-domain optimization model that integrates dual-spectral imaging with ring artifact removal.

Preoperative decompression for left-sided obstructive colorectal cancer: a comparative study between a stent and a decompression tube.

Introduction: Stents and decompression tubes (DTs) are both commonly utilized for preoperative decompression in patients with left-sided obstructive colorectal cancer (OCRC). However, the comparative effectiveness and oncological safety of these 2 approaches remain uncertain.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare clinical performance and long-term oncological outcomes of preoperative stent and DT insertion in patients with left-sided OCRC.

Recent advances in the application of subcritical water to plant and fungi polysaccharides preparation: A review.

Subcritical water can enhance the extraction yield of polysaccharides due to its unique extraction mechanism and is widely applied to the preparation of polysaccharides from plant and fungi. Subcritical water demonstrated distinct conditional regularities in the extraction of polysaccharides from diverse materials, particularly plant- and fungus-derived polysaccharides. A summary of these regularities was essential to provide theoretical guidance for the future application of subcritical water.

A comparative study of freezing methods on quality of Atlantic Salmon: Refrigerator, liquid immersion, and magnetic field-assisted techniques.

To investigate the effects of freezing methods on the quality of Atlantic salmon, four freezing methods were evaluated: refrigerator freezing (RF), liquid immersion freezing (LIF), static magnetic field-assisted freezing (SMF), and static magnetic field-assisted immersion freezing (SMF-LIF). The results showed that SMF-LIF technology significantly reduced freezing damage by synergistically regulating ice crystal growth kinetics (69 μm, compared to 205 μm in the RF group) and intermolecular interactions, resulting in lower centrifugal loss (12.92 %), higher hardness (1280.

Novel Insight into the Multiple Biological Characteristics of Polyamines in the Gut: From Structure to Function.

This review explores the structure of polyamines, including putrescine, spermidine, and spermine, and their crucial roles in immune cell functions. Polyamines are active compounds derived from ornithine that regulate signaling pathways by interacting with nucleic acids and proteins. Polyamines are essential for normal growth and development in immune cells, participating in cell signaling and neurotransmitter regulation and playing a critical role in immune responses.

The predictive value of platelet parameters and hemorheological indicators for elderly sepsis patients.

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction. To explore the predictive value of platelet parameters and hemorheological indicators for mortality risk in elderly sepsis patients. The clinical data of 86 elderly patients with sepsis admitted to the intensive care unit of our hospital from June 2020 to June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.

Hsp90 and Isoform-Selective Inhibitors as Sensitizers for Cancer Immunotherapy.

The 90 kDa heat shock proteins (Hsp90) are molecular chaperones that regulate the stability and maturation of numerous client proteins implicated in the regulation of cancer hallmarks. Despite the potential of -Hsp90 inhibitors as anticancer therapeutics, their clinical development has been hindered by on-target toxicities, particularly ocular and cardiotoxic effects, as well as the induction of pro-survival, compensatory heat shock responses. Together, these and other complications have prompted the development of isoform-selective Hsp90 inhibitors.

All-Fiber Electronic Skin Based on Asymmetric Wool/PTFE Structure for Energy Harvesting and Self-Powered Sensing.

This paper reports on a fully textile electronic skin (e-skin) based on an asymmetric wool/polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) structure, which is fabricated through an innovative filling core yarn and weft interweaving technique, enabling self-driven contact detection and motion sensing functions. The e-skin features a three-layer woven structure, with the outer layer made of PTFE (high dielectric constant, superhydrophobic), the inner layer composed of wool (hygroscopic, skin-friendly), and a middle layer embedded with silver-plated nylon (SPN) conductive yarns forming a flexible electrode array. Benefiting from its asymmetric design, this material exhibits excellent triboelectric performance (open-circuit voltage of 37 V, short-circuit current of 58 nA), breathability (341.

Type 2 inflammation biomarkers and their association with response to dupilumab in COPD (BOREAS): an analysis of a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.

Background: A raised blood eosinophil count (≥300 cells per μL), a marker of type 2 inflammation, can identify patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with higher exacerbation risk. Dupilumab reduced exacerbations in patients with COPD and type 2 inflammation in the BOREAS trial. In this post-hoc analysis, we evaluated the predictive value and longitudinal changes in type 2 inflammatory biomarkers in patients with COPD and type 2 inflammation from the BOREAS trial who received dupilumab treatment.

DiCE: differential centrality-ensemble analysis based on gene expression profiles and protein-protein interaction network.

Uncovering key genes that drive diseases and cancers is crucial for advancing understanding and developing targeted therapies. Traditional differential expression analysis often relies on arbitrary cutoffs, missing critical genes with subtle expression changes. Some methods incorporate protein-protein interactions (PPIs) but depend on prior disease knowledge.

Comparative analysis of 3D culture methodologies in prostate cancer cells.

Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models are increasingly utilized in cancer research to better replicate in vivo tumor microenvironments. This study examines the effects of different 3D scaffolding materials, including Matrigel, GelTrex, and the plant-based GrowDex, on prostate cancer cell lines, with a particular emphasis on neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). Four cell lines (LNCaP, LASCPC-01, PC-3, and KUCaP13) were cultured in these scaffolds using the sandwich method to evaluate spheroid formation, cell viability, and gene expression.

Anti-interferon-α antibodies associate with disease activity and prognosis in anti-MDA5-positive dermatomyositis.

Background: Interferons (IFN) are implicated in the pathogenesis of anti-MDA5 dermatomyositis (anti-MDA5-DM), but the presence of anti-IFN antibodies remains unclear. This study aims to assess serum levels of anti-IFN-α antibodies in anti-MDA5-DM patients and explore their clinical associations.

Methods: Serum samples from 176 anti-MDA5-DM patients and 55 healthy controls were analyzed for anti-IFN-α antibody levels using an in-house ELISA assay, with immunoblot validation in a subset.