Repurposing disulfiram: An innovative inhibitory approach against a broad spectrum of viruses.

Disulfiram (DSF), an FDA-approved therapeutic agent for alcohol dependence, has recently attracted considerable interest due to its broad-spectrum inhibitory effects against various viruses. Increasing evidence suggests that DSF can inhibit viral replication through two major mechanisms: the inhibition of viral protein catalytic activity and the ejection of Zn from viral proteins. This review comprehensively summarized the molecular mechanisms underlying DSF's antiviral activity against viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), hepatitis C virus (HCV), influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV), with a particular focus on its dual targeting of Cys residues and Zn coordination sites.

Development and validation of a machine learning model for predicting immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in advanced gastric cancer using dynamic changes in peripheral blood clinlabomics data: a retrospective multicenter cohort study.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) play a pivotal role in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, the biomarkers used to predict ICI efficacy are limited due to their reliance on single or static tumor characteristics. This study aims to develop a machine learning (ML) model that incorporates dynamic changes in clinlabomics data to optimize the predictive accuracy of ICI efficacy.

Formoterol, a Clinically Approved Drug, Inhibits Ferroptosis by Suppressing Lipid Peroxidation and Attenuates APAP-Induced Acute Liver Injury.

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death characterized by lethal lipid peroxidation and implicated in various human diseases. Despite intensive research, clinically applicable ferroptosis inhibitors remain unavailable. In this study, we identify formoterol, a β-adrenergic agonist widely used to treat asthma and COPD, as a potent and selective ferroptosis inhibitor through scaffold-based screening of FDA-approved drugs.

Processed Meat Health Risks: Pathways and Dietary Solutions.

Background: Red and processed meat consumption is extensively linked to chronic disease risk in observational studies, with robust meta-analyses demonstrating significant positive associations for colorectal, breast, endometrial, and lung cancers, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and all-cause mortality. Dose-response relationships indicate elevated risks even at moderate intakes. Moreover, processed meats consistently show stronger detrimental effects than unprocessed red meats.

Nanoparticles Induce Protein Corona Conformational Change to Reshape Intracellular Interactome for Microglial Polarization.

Nanoparticles bind to proteins in cells selectively and form a protein corona around them. However, the mechanisms of protein conformational changes underlying the interactions between nanoparticles and protein coronas remain poorly understood. In this study, we prepared small molecule self-assembled nanoparticles (Aloin NPs) as a research tool to investigate the allosteric mechanism of protein coronas.

FPR2 Agonism Attenuates Restenosis by Mitigating Neointimal Hyperplasia via ELOVL6.

Restenosis following endovascular intervention in lower extremity arterial disease contributes to significant morbidity and mortality. This study investigates the role of formylpeptide receptor 2 (FPR2) in neointimal hyperplasia and evaluates the therapeutic potential of the selective FPR2 agonist BMS-986235 in mitigating restenosis. FPR2 expression was significantly reduced in the popliteal and anterior tibial arteries of male amputees with restenosis compared to healthy controls.

The effect of preoperative oral carbohydrate on the perioperative period of fibula free flap surgery in patients with oral cancer: a retrospective study.

Objective: This study examines the effects of preoperative oral carbohydrates on the perioperative period of Fibula Free Flap surgery in oral cancer patients, aiming to enhance postoperative recovery.

Methods: The study involved 89 patients who underwent fibula flap reconstruction surgery from January to December 2023. Patients were divided into control and experimental groups based on admission time.

The secrets of medical students' psychological resilience: a dual perspective of machine learning and path analysis.

Background: As future healthcare workers, if medical students can enhance their psychological resilience, it will help them better cope with the pressures and challenges of their future work, thereby improving the overall mental health of healthcare personnel. We aim to identify high-risk individuals among medical students with low psychological resilience and to explore the potential mechanisms for improving psychological resilience.

Methods: We developed an Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model using basic characteristics and health behavior information of medical students, and compared its performance with that of Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Tree (DT), and Random Forest (RF) models.

Molecular characterization and isolation of contemporary porcine sapoviruses from swine farms in the United States.

Porcine sapovirus (PoSaV) is an emerging enteric pathogen in swine industry, primarily associated with diarrhea in weaning and post-weaning pigs. To date, eight genogroups of PoSaVs have been identified, with genogroup III (GIII) being the most prevalent worldwide. However, the isolation of field strains in various cell lines has achieved limited success, hindering progress in PoSaV research.

Engineering of an Exosome-Based mRNA Delivery System for Efficient Therapy of Familial Hypertriglyceridemia.

Familial hypertriglyceridemia (FHTG), a severe subtype of primary hypertriglyceridemia caused by mutations in and other related genes, is linked to life-threatening cardiovascular complications. Current therapies inadequately address the underlying genetic pathology. Here, we developed a novel exosome-based mRNA delivery platform to restore functional glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high-density lipoprotein-binding protein 1 () expression, providing a targeted therapeutic strategy for FHTG.

[Role of the prostate health index and its derivatives in the early screening of patients with PI-RADS score 3].

Objective: To explore the role of prostate health index (PHI) and its derivatives for early screening in patients with PI-RADS score 3 and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels of 4－20 μg/L.

Methods: Clinical data of 203 patients with a score of 3 on the PI-RADS v2.1 scoring system who underwent ultrasound-guided transperineal prostate aspiration biopsy from April 2021 to April 2024 from Provincial Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Weifang People's Hospital were collected.

Using Machine Learning to Predict Advanced-Stage Progression of Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Transarterial Chemoembolization.

Purpose To develop and test a machine learning (ML)-based model that integrates preoperative variables for prediction of advanced-stage progression (ASP) after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Materials and Methods This multicenter retrospective study (ResearchRegistry.com identifier no.

β-Asaronol, the Neuroactive Component of : Mitigating Seizures with Minimal Developmental Risk in Dravet Syndrome.

Developmental epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs), including Dravet syndrome (DS), require antiseizure medications (ASMs) that balance efficacy with developmental safety. There is an urgent clinical need for novel therapeutic agents that combine potent anticonvulsant activity with developmental safety. β-Asarone, an active constituent of plants, has demonstrated antiepileptic potential, but its toxicities severely limit clinical application.

The Application Prospects and Challenges of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Spinal Cord Injury Repair.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe, disabling condition for which current treatments are largely insufficient in restoring neurological function. Despite advances in surgical and pharmacological interventions, no effective treatment currently exists to reverse neurological deficits caused by SCI. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), especially human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (hucMSCs), have shown promise in tissue regeneration due to their multipotency and low immunogenicity.

Influencing factors and enhancement strategies for vaccination behavior among Chinese residents: an empirical analysis based on a nationwide survey.

Background: Vaccination is a cornerstone of healthcare systems, and increasing vaccination coverage is crucial for achieving public health objectives globally. However, vaccine acceptance rates vary considerably across different regions worldwide. In China, understanding the determinants of vaccine acceptance is crucial for enhancing coverage and achieving public health goals.

Analysis of gender- and age-stratified asthma burden: forecasting prevalence trends in 2030.

Background: Asthma poses a global health challenge, requiring an understanding of its burden to guide policy. Using GBD 2021 data, this study aims to assess the burden of asthma worldwide.

Methods: We extracted data on asthma prevalence, incidence, years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from GBD for the period 1990-2021.

The Role of Methylmalonic Acid in the Risk of Sarcopenia and All-Cause Mortality Among Individuals With Sarcopenia: Evidence From NHANES.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a driver of sarcopenia pathogenesis, progression, and prognosis. Muscle mass is a fundamental and objective component of sarcopenia. In some studies, relative muscle loss has been used to define sarcopenia.

Histone modifications: Key players in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent diseases in the older population. AD causes progressive cognitive and behavioral impairment, but current treatments are unable to slow or prevent the progression of this disease. Thus, identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets is urgently needed.

Esophageal pericardial fistula following radiation therapy after placement of an esophageal stent: A case report and literature review.

Esophageal pericardial fistula is a rare complication of esophageal cancer. This article reports the first documented case of an esophageal pericardial fistula following radiotherapy in the presence of an esophageal stent. A 62-year-old man with advanced esophageal and cardiac cancer underwent radiotherapy after esophageal stent placement and subsequently developed an esophageal pericardial fistula.

Primary adrenal NK/T lymphoma: A case report of a rare tumor.

Natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is a subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma characterized by rapid progression. It infrequently involves the adrenal glands and exhibits swift advancement. A 52-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with bilateral renal pain.