Histone modifications: Key players in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent diseases in the older population. AD causes progressive cognitive and behavioral impairment, but current treatments are unable to slow or prevent the progression of this disease. Thus, identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets is urgently needed.

PRP and hypertonic glucose injections improve outcomes in patients with early- to middle-stage knee osteoarthritis: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection therapy and hyperosmotic glucose hyperplasia therapy are commonly used methods for treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA). This study evaluates the differences in efficacy and cost-effectiveness between the two therapies. 

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 257 patients with knee osteoarthritis from October 2021 to November 2023, and divided them into PRP injection group and hypertonic glucose injection group according to their different treatment methods.

Fructose enhances intestinal development and barrier function while driving hepatic lipogenesis and inflammation in broilers.

To test the effects of fructose on the intestinal health, nutrient metabolism, and production performance of broilers, both in vitro and in vivo studies were conducted. In vitro, treatment with 5 mM fructose increased the size of intestinal organoids from broilers (P < 0.05).

Overexpression of a Carboxyl/Cholinesterase Gene Contributes to Cross-Resistance to Abamectin and Spirodiclofen in (McGregor).

has developed resistance or cross-resistance to most registered acaricides; however, the molecular mechanism underlying acaricide cross-resistance remains to be elucidated. In this study, a field-collected population of was found to display high resistance to both abamectin and spirodiclofen (CoR-NN). A carboxyl/cholinesterase gene is significantly upregulated in CoR-NN and after exposure to abamectin and spirodiclofen, respectively.

Development and temporal external validation of a novel nomogram for predicting one-year mortality in the older adult with hip fracture.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a novel nomogram for predicting one-year mortality in the older adult patients with hip fracture and to further evaluate its effectiveness.

Methods: This retrospective cohort research analyzed the clinical data of 1,263 older adult patients with hip fractures who underwent surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from January 2014 to December 2022. Patients receiving surgical treatment during January 2014 to December 2019 (864 cases) for the model development and further, data from the same centre with same inclusion criteria from January 2020 to December 2022 (399 cases) for the external validation of the model.

Synergistic and mechanistic effects of neogambogic acid in enhancing almonertinib sensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is characterized by a complex pathogenesis and high mortality. Targeted drug therapy represents a precise method of treatment. However, Improving sensitivity to targeted agents is currently a major challenge in clinical tumor therapy.

CsABF8 mediates drought-induced ABA signaling in the regulation of raffinose biosynthesis in Camellia sinensis leaves.

Drought has become an important environmental stress limiting the growth and development of Camellia sinensis due to its moisture-loving and temperature-tolerant nature. ABA-response element binding factor (ABFs) is a key transcriptional regulator in the ABA signaling pathway that regulates plant responses to hormones and adversity. However, their roles and regulatory mechanisms in tea tree remain unknown.

Establishment and optimization of a rapid and convenient viral RNA transcript copy reduction neutralization test (VcRNT) for quantification of hantaan orthohantavirus (HTNV) neutralizing antibodies.

Rodent-borne orthohantavirus causes severe hemorrhagic fever worldwide, with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia, and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in the Amrerica. In East Asia, Hantaan orthohantavirus (HTNV) is the main pathogen responsible for severe HFRS, with a case fatality rate up to 10 % with no specific treatment available. The antisera or neutralizing antibody (NAb) is able to block virus infection, however, the traditional NAb titer measuring based on focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT) is quite labour-extensive and takes 7-10 days.

Vanadium Carbide Quantum Dots Exert Efficient Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced BV2 Microglia and Mice.

The regulation of glial cell activation is a critical step for the treatment or prevention of neuroinflammation-based brain diseases. However, the development of therapeutic drugs that pass the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and inhibit the glia cell activation remains a significant challenge. Herein, an ultrasmall 2D vanadium carbide quantum dots (VC QDs) that are capable of crossing the BBB are prepared, and the admirable anti-neuroinflammatory effects are presented.

Deciphering T Cell Dynamics in Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis: Insights and Implications.

Neuroinflammation has emerged as a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), paving the way for promising therapeutic interventions. Increasing evidence highlights the interplay between the peripheral immune system and the central nervous system (CNS) in driving neuroinflammation, with T lymphocytes playing a vital role in both regulatory and effector functions. Aberrant activation of T cells during the early stages of neuroinflammation perpetuates inflammatory responses by interacting with CNS glial cells and releasing pro-inflammatory mediators, such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17.

[Effect of moxibustion on cognitive function and hippocampal mitochondrial dynamics related proteins in rats with vascular dementia].

Objectives: To investigate the effect of moxibustion on hippocampal mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins in rats with vascular dementia (VD), so as to reveal the underlying mechanisms of moxibustion in treating VD.

Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation, model, moxibustion and medication groups, with 12 rats in each group. The VD model was prepared using an improved bilateral common carotid artery ligation method.

[ acupuncture-moxibustion method for 28 cases of long COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction].

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture-moxibustion method for long COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction.

Methods: A total of 28 patients with long COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction were selected and treated with acupuncture-moxibustion therapy (regulating orifices, invigorating the brain, and regulating and blood). Acupoints included Yintang (GV24), Baihui (GV20), Fengfu (GV16), Qihai (CV6) and bilateral Yingxiang (LI20), Fengchi (GB20), Xuehai (SP10), Zusanli (ST36).

A UDP-glucuronosyltransferase gene UGT379A1 involved in detoxification of lufenuron in Diaphorina citri.

The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is a devastating bacterial disease of commercial citrus. Presently, uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs), have been linked to the detoxification of pesticides, were known as phase II enzymes in the detoxification process. However, the role of UGTs in detoxification of lufenuron in Diaphorina citri is unknown.

Identification of the GATA transcription factor family in tea plant (Camellia sinensis) and the characterizations in nitrogen metabolism.

GATA transcription factor is a widely existing regulatory factor in biology and participates in many plant physiological processes. In tea plants (Camellia sinensis), the GATA Transcription Factor family has not been explored. In this study, 40 GATA genes were identified in tea plants, with a focus on CsGATA12 and 17, whose expression patterns were correlated with nitrogen deficiency, nitrogen forms and nitrogen concentration.

Standardization, validation, and comparative evaluation of a convenient surrogate recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus plaque reduction test for quantification of Hantaan orthohantavirus (HTNV) neutralizing antibodies.

Hantaan orthohantavirus (HTNV) is responsible for severe hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), which has a case fatality rate of 1% to 10%. Currently, the inactive vaccine licensed in endemic areas elicit low levels of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). Early NAbs administration is helpful for patients recovery from HFRS.

Reactivatable stimulated emission depletion microscopy using fluorescence-recoverable nanographene.

Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy, a key optical super-resolution imaging method, has extended our ability to view details to resolution levels of tens of nanometers. Its resolution depends on fluorophore de-excitation efficiency, and increases with depletion laser power. However, high-power irradiation permanently turns off the fluorescence due to photo-bleaching of the fluorophores.

Identification and functional characterization of UDP-glycosyltransferase genes involved in cyetpyrafen resistance in Panonychus citri (McGregor).

Background: Cyetpyrafen is a newly developed acaricide. The citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor), is an important citrus pest that has developed resistance to cyetpyrafen. Uridine diphosphate-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) have been widely reported to be associated with resistance to multiple acaricides.

Effect of central sensitization on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in total knee arthroplasty patients: a retrospective study.

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), impacting recovery and quality of life. This study aims to investigate central sensitization (CS) as an independent risk factor for POCD to improve preoperative screening and postoperative interventions.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 142 TKA patients from January 2020 to May 2024 across three hospitals.

The S-Phase Arrest of Host Cells Caused by an Alpha-Herpesvirus Genome Replication Facilitates Viral Recruitment of RNA Polymerase II to Transcribe Viral Genes.

Herpesviruses rely on host RNA polymerae II (RNA Pol II) for their mRNA transcription, yet the mechanisms of which has been poorly defined, while certain herpesviruses can enhance viral gene transcription by altering the RNA Pol II location, modulating its phosphorylation, or directly interacting with RNA Pol II. However, the influence of herpesviruses on RNA Pol II transcription extends beyond these direct effects. Here, we present a novel mechanism by which the host cell cycle regulates viral gene transcription via RNA Pol II during infection by Anatid Herpesvirus 1 (AnHV-1), an avian alpha-herpesvirus.

Integrative analysis of the impact of N/CO on gabaron oolong tea aroma.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the combination of shaking and various anaerobic treatments on the aroma quality of gabaron oolong tea (GAOT) by chemical and sensory evaluation. The results showed that elevated anaerobic treatment harmed GAOT aroma, emphasizing undesirable attributes such as earthy, fatty, etc. A total of 85 volatiles were identified by gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS), and the relationship between aroma attributes and volatiles were revealed by PLS regression projection and correlation network.

CRISPR/RNA Aptamer System Activated by an AND Logic Gate for Biomarker-Driven Theranostics.

The development of an engineered RNA device capable of detecting multiple biomarkers to evaluate pathological states and autonomously implement responsive therapies is urgently needed. Here, we report InCasApt, an integrated nano CRISPR Cas13a/RNA aptamer theranostic platform capable of achieving both biomarker detection and biomarker-driven therapy. Within this system, a Cas13a/crRNA complex, a hairpin reporter (HR), a dinitroaniline caged Ce6 photosensitizer (Ce6-DN), and a DN-binding RNA aptamer precursor (DNBApt) are coloaded onto dendritic mesoporous silicon nanoparticles (DMSN) in a controlled manner.

[Moxibustion and acupuncture at acupoints of governor vessel combined with repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation for post-stroke fatigue: a randomized controlled trial].

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of moxibustion and acupuncture at acupoints of the governor vessel combined with repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of post-stroke fatigue (PSF).

Methods: A total of 78 patients with PSF were randomized into an observation group (39 cases, 1 case dropped out) and a control group (39 cases, 1 case dropped out). The patients in both groups received conventional medical basic treatment.

Acid-induced fluorescence enhancement of piperazinylphenyl-substituted nanographene.

A dibenzo[,]ovalene (DBOV) derivative bay-substituted with two piperazinylphenyl (PZP) groups (DBOV-PZP) was synthesized. Comprehensive investigations of its photophysical properties revealed acid-induced fluorescence enhancement through the protonation of PZP units, leading to the suppression of the photoinduced electron transfer. These results pave the way towards "turn-on" type nanographenes for biosensing and optical imaging.

Planting density effect on poplar growth traits and soil nutrient availability, and response of microbial community, assembly and function.

Background: The interaction between soil characteristics and microbial communities is crucial for poplar growth under different planting densities. Yet, little is understood about their relationships and how they respond to primary environmental drivers across varying planting densities.

Results: In this study, we investigated poplar growth metrics, soil characteristics, and community assembly of soil bacterial and fungal communities in four poplar genotypes (M1316, BT17, S86, and B331) planted at low, medium, and high densities.

Versatile BiMoO/Prussian Blue-Au nanoplatform for oxygen-self-produced and GSH-depleted enhanced sonodynamic efficacy.

Deprivation of oxygen and scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) severely restrict the antitumor efficiency of sonodynamic therapy (SDT). To address these challs, we report the BiMoO/Prussian Blue-Au (BMO/PB-Au) nanosystem as piezoelectric sonosensitiser for highly efficient ROS production under ultrasonic irradiation. In this system, the nanosystem has catalase-like (CAT) and glutathione oxidase (GSHOD) catalytic activity, which can enhance SDT effectively by producing reactive oxygen species and consuming glutathione (GSH).