Enhancing signed graph neural networks through curriculum-based training.

Signed graphs are powerful models for representing complex relations with both positive and negative connections. Recently, Signed Graph Neural Networks (SGNNs) have emerged as potent tools for analyzing such graphs. To our knowledge, no prior research has been conducted on devising a training plan specifically for SGNNs.

MGDMCL: A multi-omics integration framework based on masked graph dynamic learning and multi-granularity feature contrastive learning for biomedical classification.

Background And Objective: Integrating multi-omics data facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the etiology of complex diseases, which is critical for achieving precision medicine. Recently, graph-based approaches have been increasingly leveraged in the integrative multi-omics data analysis due to their robust expressive capability. However, these methods still face two limitations: 1) relying predominantly on a fixed sample similarity graph (SSG) to obtain omics-specific feature representation, and 2) insufficiently exploring the interrelations between different features from various omics.

Multivalent At-Radiolabeled Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitors for Targeted Alpha-Therapy of Glioma.

Multivalent ligand strategy prevails recently in the design of radioligands for small-molecules due to its successes in enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of radiometallic ligands. In this work, At-FAPI-Dimer and At-APBA-FAPI-Dimer, two multivalent At-conjugated fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPIs), were successfully synthesized with the expectation of narrowing the significant gap between extant radioastatinated FAPIs and clinical application. Cellular pharmacokinetic assessments show that the multivalent strategy could improve the cellular internalization and retention of the radioligand but compromise cellular uptake efficiency relative to monovalent FAPI ligand.

Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Condensation for Facile Synthesis of Quinoidal 2-(5-Methylenethiazol-2(5)-ylidene)malononitrile End-Capped Shortwave Infrared Organic Semiconductors.

The facile synthesis of ultranarrow-bandgap (<1 eV) small-molecule semiconductors remains a persistent challenge for advancing shortwave infrared (SWIR) organic optoelectronic technologies. Donor-acceptor (D-A)-type molecules featuring quinoidal 2-(5-methylenethiazol-2(5)-ylidene)malononitrile (TM) end-groups are promising for achieving this goal. However, despite extensive studies of TM-based asymmetric merocyanine dyes, their optoelectronic performances remain far from satisfactory, and the synthetic methodologies for symmetric TM-end-capped molecules remain largely unexplored.

Genome-wide Genetic Mutations Accumulated in Pigs Genome-edited for Xenotransplantation and Their Filial Generation.

Although xenotransplantation has been revolutionized by the development of genome-edited pigs, it is still unknown whether these pigs and their offspring remain genomically stable. Here, we show that GGTA1-knockout (GTKO) pigs accumulated an average of 1205 genome-wide genetic mutations, and their filial 1 (F1) offspring contained an average of 18 de novo mutations compared with wild-type controls and their parents. The majority of mutations were in regions annotated as intergenic regions, without altering protein functions, and were not located at predicted off-target mutation sites.

Ternary-Classification Habitat Model for Invasiveness and Grade of Lung Adenocarcinoma Presenting as a Subsolid Nodule on Low-Dose Chest CT: A Multicenter Study.

Habitat imaging provides a novel approach to capture spatial heterogeneity within lesions. To develop a ternary-classification habitat model to characterize lung adenocarcinoma presenting as a subsolid nodule (SSN) on CT and to test the model's diagnostic performance compared with 2D and radiomic models. This retrospective study included 747 patients (median age, 56 years; 241 male, 506 female) with 834 resected lung adenocarcinomas that presented as SSNs on low-dose CT between July 2018 and May 2023.

Correction: Effect of subsp. YLGB-1496 on common diseases in pediatrics: a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2025.

Advances in nanomaterials for enhancing cGAS-STING pathway mediated anti-tumor treatment.

The cGAS-STING pathway is a crucial component of innate immunity, playing a dual role in tumor biology by promoting pro-inflammatory responses and anti-tumor immunity. Nanomaterials have emerged as transformative tools to enhance the activation and therapeutic efficacy of this pathway in cancer immunotherapy. This review targets recent advancements in nanomaterials of enhancing cGAS-STING-mediated anti-tumor immune responses.

Metastatic colon adenocarcinoma to the gingiva treated with spatial fractionation radiotherapy: a case report.

Metastatic colon adenocarcinoma to the gingiva is exceedingly rare, accounting for 1-3% of maxillofacial malignancies and usually associated with advanced disease and poor prognosis. This case report describes a 68-year-old woman diagnosed with metastatic colon adenocarcinoma presenting with a metastatic lesion measuring 5 × 3 cm located in the left maxilla. The patient received hybrid spatial fractionation radiotherapy (SFRT) combining stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) with conventional SFRT protocols.

Immune Signatures Distinguish Pure and Mixed Sepsis in Critical COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: COVID-19-associated sepsis poses unique challenges in intensive care units (ICUs), where patients are often immunocompromised and prone to secondary bacterial infections. Differentiating immune phenotypes between pure viral and viral-bacterial sepsis is essential for timely diagnosis and personalized treatment.

Objective: To compare clinical characteristics, immune profiles, and outcomes between patients with pure COVID-19 sepsis and those complicated by confirmed secondary bacterial infection, and to identify immune markers capable of differentiating sepsis phenotypes.

Multilevel Fusion Graph Neural Network for Molecule Property Prediction.

Accurate prediction of molecular properties is essential in drug discovery and related fields. However, existing graph neural networks (GNNs) often struggle to simultaneously capture both local and global molecular structures. In this work, we propose a Multilevel Fusion Graph Neural Network (MLFGNN) that integrates Graph Attention Networks and a novel Graph Transformer to jointly model local and global dependencies.

HIIT and MICT mitigate endothelial dysfunction in early atherosclerotic mice via PCSK9 inhibition.

Atherosclerosis (AS), driven by vascular endothelial dysfunction and poses a global health threat. This study compared the therapeutic effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on vascular endothelial function in early-stage AS mice, specifically investigating PCSK9 modulation and the TRX/TXNIP/NLRP3/GSDMD-N pathway. ApoE mice (n = 6/group) fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks were randomized into sedentary (AS-S), HIIT (AS-HIIT), and MICT (AS-MICT) groups, with wild-type mice as control.

[Study on effectiveness and changes in immunoglobulin levels of transverse tibial transport in treatment of Wagner grade 3-4 type 2 diabetic foot ulcer].

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of tibial transverse transport (TTT) in treating Wagner grade 3-4 type 2 diabetic foot ulcers and analyze dynamic changes in immunoglobulin levels.

Methods: The clinical data of 68 patients with Wagner grade 3-4 type 2 diabetic foot ulcers treated with TTT between May 2022 and September 2023 was retrospectively analyzed. The cohort included 49 males and 19 females, aged 44-91 years (mean, 67.

[The investigation of DNA tetrahedral nanoparticles as mucosal vaccine carriers and adjuvants].

To investigate the feasibility of DNA tetrahedral framework (DNA-TH) as a carrier and adjuvant for mucosal vaccines, using streptavidin (SA) as a model antigen. DNA-TH was designed using software, integrating the adjuvant CpG sequence into its structure. After in vitro synthesis, it was conjugated with SA to form SA-DNA-TH nanoparticles.

Dimensionality and correlation effects in coupled carbon nanotube arrays.

Coupled one-dimensional (1D) conductor array has been proposed as a promising platform to explore the electronic correlation phenomena in higher dimensions and rich electronic phases; however, these architectures have been challenging to configure over the past few decades. Well-aligned semiconducting carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been demonstrated as a promising channel material to construct ultra-scaled transistors for future integrated circuits, but their transport behaviors, especially the tunable dimensionality and electron-electron () interactions, remain elusive and are needed to explore the correlated electronic phases. Here, we experimentally realize a dimensional transition with controlled electronic correlationsusing coupled quantum wire arrays that contain well-aligned CNTs in a two-dimensional (2D) film.

Self-assembly driven nano-salinomycin for high-efficiency cancer immunotherapy by reticulum stress mediated stemness suppression.

Cancer cells with stemness characteristics effectively escape the recognition and killing of immune-active cells, such as T cells, which has been considered as the root cause of cancer recurrence and metastasis. To sensitize cancer immunotherapy, we have developed salinomycin-repurposed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress nanoinducers (DTSS NPs) to synergistically suppress cancer cell stemness. Salinomycin, as a polyether antibiotic demonstrating robust cytotoxicity against tumor stem cell, is co-assembled with thymopentin (TP5) and ER-targeted phototherapeutic agent s-780, and tailored with DSPE-PEG-biotin to obtain DTSS NPs.

CREB binding protein (CREBBP): Structure-based perspectives for the development of clinical inhibitors.

Acetylation is an essential process in biological processes. In tissues, protein acetylation occurs mainly at lysine (K) residues. The balance between acetylation and deacetylation is under the control of two enzyme families, histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC), respectively.

Mandibular Osteosarcoma Mimicking Bisphosphonate-associated Osteonecrosis on 99mTc-MDP Bone Scan in a Patient With Breast Cancer.

We present the case of a 27-year-old woman with a history of left breast invasive ductal carcinoma who developed mandibular osteosarcoma, as documented by 2 MDP bone scans. She had undergone a radical mastectomy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and intravenous zoledronic acid therapy. An initial bone scan 1 year later showed increased MDP uptake in the right mandible, suggesting drug-related osteonecrosis, but concurrent CT scans were normal.

Overcoming feature scarcity in complex system prediction: An alternative delay embedding.

Predicting the future dynamics of complex systems remains challenging in scientific research. Traditional methods generally approach this issue by approximating the correlations between predictors (features) and target variables, often employing predictors from a pool of target-related variables (system components). However, these approaches are inherently constrained when reliable target-related features are scarce.

Viscoelastic and conductive nerve guidance conduits for peripheral nerve repair.

Peripheral nerve injury is challenging to self-repair and often leads to severe functional impairment. Utilizing neural tissue engineering scaffolds to promote nerve regeneration presents a promising strategy. However, current nerve scaffolds generally lack the ability to accurately replicate the viscoelastic properties of native neural tissues.

Oxidative stress mediates the association between brominated flame retardants and hyperlipidemia in US adults.

Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are classified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and studies suggest that exposure to POPs may contribute to the development of metabolic diseases. However, the specific link between single and mixed BFRs and hyperlipidemia remains unclear, as does the potential mediating role of oxidative stress in this relationship. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 2005 to 2016, encompassing 6800 participants, to investigate the association between BFRs and hyperlipidemia.

Tunable bilayer WS-WSe and WS-MoS lateral heterostructures for self-powered photodetectors.

Two-dimensional lateral heterostructures based on transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are promising for optoelectronics due to their layer thickness-dependent properties. Bilayer structures, in particular, offer advantages like enhanced electron mobility and improved stability. However, precisely controlling layer growth in these heterostructures remains a challenge.

Analysis of prostatic spindle cell lesions: Three case reports and literature review.

Rationale: Spindle cell lesions of the prostate originate from the specialized stroma or prostate epithelium. At present, these lesions are relatively rare, but the histomorphological features they involve are extremely diverse, which can easily lead to misdiagnosis in the clinical diagnosis process. This study reports on 3 cases of different types of spindle cell lesions of the prostate, with the aim of providing valuable reference information for clinicians when dealing with such cases, to help them make more accurate and effective clinical decisions.

Nephrotic syndrome associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome and Sjögren syndrome: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: The coexistence of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and minimal change disease (MCD) is extremely rare. GBS is an autoimmune-mediated peripheral neuropathy that can occasionally be associated with renal complications such as nephrotic syndrome (NS). This case discusses a patient diagnosed with both GBS and MCD, as well as Sjögren syndrome kidney injury, focusing on the potential pathogenesis of these conditions and the role of autoantibodies in their development and treatment outcomes.

The recent progress of tumor cell-derived exosomes in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapeutic strategies of tumors.

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles of nanoscale, which represent the characteristics of the cells of origin. Tumor cell-derived exosomes (TEXs) obtain the characteristics of the tumor cells, which meanwhile transfer the various substances from the tumor cells to regulate the other cells and microenvironments. TEXs play an important role in the pathogenesis of tumors, which can promote the progression, metastasis and recurrence of tumors.