The relationship among inflammatory biomarkers, hyperuricemia and chronic kidney disease: analysis of the NHANES 2015-2020.

Background: Inflammation and hyperuricemia are closely associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are emerging as novel biomarkers. While, the synergistic effects of these biomarkers with hyperuricemia on CKD remain unclear.

Three-dimensional histological electrophoresis with fluorescence labeling for detection of malignant tissue contours in precise conserving surgery.

Background: Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is the primary surgical approach for patients with breast cancer. The accurate determination of surgical margins during BCS is critical for patient prognosis; however, time constraints and limitations in current pathological techniques often prevent pathologists from performing this assessment intraoperatively. The inability to reliably assess margins during surgery can lead to incomplete tumor removal and the need for additional surgeries.

Pleurotus citrinopileatus polysaccharides ameliorate DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by improving intestinal barrier and inflammation modulation via NF-κB pathway.

The aim was to investigate the pharmacological effects of a polysaccharide isolated from Pleurotus citrinopileatus on ulcerative colitis (UC). One polysaccharide, CP-2-2, was isolated and purified from P. citrinopileatus body fruit using chromatographic methods.

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 deficiency impairs liver progenitor cell proliferation in alcohol-fed mice.

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a critical enzyme involved in the detoxification of acetaldehyde. Although numerous studies have demonstrated the significance of ALDH2 in alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), its role in alcohol-induced activation of liver progenitor cells (LPCs) has not been thoroughly investigated. Proteomic analysis of serum samples from patients with either normal ALDH2 genotype or ALDH2 mutation following alcohol consumption revealed that ALDH2 deficiency may suppress LPC proliferation.

SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein delays cell cycle in S-phase.

The emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as the causative agent of COVID-19 precipitated a global health crisis of unprecedented scale. SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to interfere specifically with S phase progression during early stages of infection. Nucleocapsid (N) is an important structural protein.

Clinical characterisation of human metapneumovirus infection in 525 patients with respiratory tract infections in Jilin province.

Background: Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a common cause of acute respiratory infections. The aim of this study was to analyze the demographic characteristics and treatment outcomes of HMPV virus infection in Jilin province.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of patients with respiratory tract infections between September 2023 and February 2024 in the Lequn Campus of the First Hospital of Jilin University, using tNGS sequencing.

Another power of antibody-drug conjugates: immunomodulatory effect and clinical applications.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) enhance tumour immunogenicity through multidimensional immune modulation beyond targeted cytotoxicity. The immune remodelling of the tumour microenvironment (TME) suggests potential synergistic mechanisms with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs): ICIs amplify antitumour immune responses by blocking inhibitory signals. Preclinical studies and preliminary clinical evidence demonstrate their synergistic efficacy; however, mechanistic synergy requires further experimental validation.

First-line benmelstobart plus anlotinib versus sunitinib in advanced renal cell carcinoma (ETER100): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Background: The underexplored potential of PD-L1 blockade in advanced renal cell carcinoma highlights an urgent need for novel agents. This trial aimed to compare benmelstobart (a novel PD-L1 inhibitor) plus anlotinib with sunitinib as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Methods: ETER100 was a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial conducted at 37 medical sites in China.

Diagnostic Performance of CT-Based Artificial Intelligence for Early Recurrence of Cholangiocarcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Despite AI models demonstrating high predictive accuracy for early cholangiocarcinoma(CCA) recurrence, their clinical application faces challenges such as reproducibility, generalizability, hidden biases, and uncertain performance across diverse datasets and populations, raising concerns about their practical applicability.

Objective: This meta-analysis aims to systematically assess the diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence (AI) models utilizing computed tomography (CT) imaging to predict early recurrence of CCA.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for studies published up to May 2025.

Multimodal radiomics model with triple -timepoint contrast-enhanced ultrasound for precise diagnosis of C-TIRADS 4 thyroid nodules.

Objective: This study aims to construct a multimodal radiomics model based on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) radiomic features, combined with conventional ultrasonography (US) images and clinical data, to evaluate its diagnostic efficacy in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules (TNs) classified as C-TIRADS 4, and to assess the clinical application value of the model.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 135 patients with C-TIRADS 4 thyroid nodules who underwent concurrent US and CEUS before FNA/surgery. From each case, one US image and three CEUS key frames (2s post-perfusion, peak enhancement, 2s post-peak) were selected.

Biomimetic LHRH-functionalized erythrocyte-camouflaged nanogels for targeted therapy of prostate cancer.

Chemotherapy remains a cornerstone treatment for advanced prostate cancer. Nano drug delivery systems have revolutionized targeted therapy by overcoming challenges such as poor water solubility, lack of specificity, and the side effects associated with conventional drugs. However, the rapid clearance and immunogenicity of nanoparticles limit their in vivo efficacy.

Prognostic impact of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and dexmedetomidine in acute respiratory distress syndrome: a MIMIC-IV-based retrospective cohort analysis.

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a prevalent condition in the respiratory department and intensive care unit that considerably influences prognosis. Prior research has demonstrated that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or dexmedetomidine can improve the prognosis of ARDS. Nonetheless, the combinatorial effect of ACEIs and dexmedetomidine on the prognosis of ARDS remains to be investigated.

Advances in the prevention and management of postoperative bleeding complications in pancreaticoduodenectomy: Current strategies and future directions precise.

Postoperative bleeding (POB) is a major complication following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), leading to significant morbidity and potential mortality. This minireview focuses on the prevention and management strategies for POB, synthesizing current evidence on surgical techniques, perioperative management, and postoperative interventions. Effective prevention strategies include the use of regional vessel wrapping, optimal pancreatic anastomosis, and meticulous intraoperative hemostasis.

China Expert consensus on the application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for the etiological diagnosis of infections in hematological disorders (2024).

Infections are frequent complications in patients with hematological disorders, and pathogen diagnosis remains challenging. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is an unbiased high-throughput technology that has been widely applied in the diagnosis of infectious diseases. However, to date, there are no established international guidelines or expert consensuses regarding the use of mNGS to diagnose infections in patients with hematologic disorders.

Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites Orchestrate Metabolic Reprogramming in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Frontiers.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cardiovascular complication of diabetes mellitus, characterized by myocardial structural and functional abnormalities in the absence of overt coronary artery disease or hypertension. A growing body of evidence implicates the gut microbiota and its metabolites as key modulators of systemic metabolic homeostasis, influencing energy metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress. The gut microbiota emerges as a novel regulator of cardiac remodeling and metabolic reprogramming in DCM through the gut-heart axis.

Pregnancy complicated with Gitelman syndrome: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: Gitelman syndrome, also known as familial hypokalemia, is primarily characterized by hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, severe hypomagnesemia, and hypocalciuria.

Patient Concerns: A 26-year-old female patient presented with a 4-month history of amenorrhea, intermittent nausea and vomiting for 1.5 months, and worsening symptoms in the past day.

Perfluorohexyloctane Eye Drops in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women with Dry Eye Disease Associated with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Phase 3 Trial.

Purpose: Sex hormone changes, often occurring during menopause, are implicated in meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and evaporative dry eye disease (DED). This study aimed to evaluate whether menopausal status affects the treatment outcomes of perfluorohexyloctane eye drops.

Methods: This post hoc analysis used data from a phase 3 trial (NCT05515471) of perfluorohexyloctane eye drops in patients with DED associated with MGD.

Induced Pyopneumothorax: A Rare but Serious Clinical Entity.

() is a Gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium predominantly found in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and urogenital system. It accounts for less than 1% of anaerobic bacterial infections in clinical settings and can lead to a spectrum of severe infections. This report details the case of a 55-year-old male who presented with a one-month history of productive cough, acute right-sided chest pain, dyspnea, and fever.

Qualitative Study on Cognitive Load in Epilepsy Specialist Nurse Training in Northeast China: A Phenomenological Study Among Ten Trained Nurses.

Background: Although cognitive load theory has been applied in general nursing education, its role in epilepsy specialist training remains unexplored, particularly in resource-constrained regions such as Northeast China, where medical disparities intensify learning barriers.

Objective: To investigate the cognitive load experienced by epilepsy specialist nurses (ESNs) during training in Northeast China.

Methods: The research participants were 10 nurses who underwent epilepsy training between December 2023 and February 2024, all from tertiary hospitals within the province.

Shape memory hydrogels in tissue engineering: Recent advances and challenges.

Shape memory hydrogels (SMHs) have emerged as transformative materials in tissue engineering, owing to their unique ability to recover their original shape after deformation. These hydrogels combine hydrophilicity and elasticity with shape memory capabilities, making them ideal candidates for various biomedical applications. This review examines their innovative design and synthesis, highlighting the physical and biological characteristics that make them well-suited for tissue engineering, such as mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability.

Prognostic relevance of the triglyceride-glucose index in patients after thrombectomy for acute anterior circulation occlusion.

Background: We aimed to investigate the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and the 3-month prognosis after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with acute large-vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of data collected from 320 patients who underwent MT at our institution between May 2022 and January 2024. The main outcome measure was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, with a score of ≤2 at 90 days post-treatment indicating a good prognosis.

The role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in drug-induced brain injury: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.

Drug-induced brain injury (DIBI) results from toxicity, interactions or misuse and is increasingly linked to gut-microbiota dysbiosis operating via the gut-brain axis. Disturbed microbial balance drives three core mechanisms-oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and metabolic dysfunction-leading to blood-brain barrier leakage, neuronal loss and cognitive impairment; antibiotics, antineoplastics and psychoactive drugs further promote bacterial translocation and systemic inflammation. Microbial metabolites and neurotransmitters also mediate post-injury anxiety and depression.