Biomimetic LHRH-functionalized erythrocyte-camouflaged nanogels for targeted therapy of prostate cancer.

Chemotherapy remains a cornerstone treatment for advanced prostate cancer. Nano drug delivery systems have revolutionized targeted therapy by overcoming challenges such as poor water solubility, lack of specificity, and the side effects associated with conventional drugs. However, the rapid clearance and immunogenicity of nanoparticles limit their in vivo efficacy.

Risk factors and prediction model for massive transfusion during cesarean section in singleton pregnancies with anterior placenta previa, prior caesarean and prenatal suspicion of placenta accreta spectrum: a retrospective case-control study.

Background: Severe postpartum hemorrhage is frequently encountered during cesarean sections (CSs) in individuals with placenta accreta spectrum (PAS). The prompt and adequate administration of blood transfusions has emerged as a critical intervention in managing severe postpartum hemorrhage. Considering that anterior placenta previa (APP) and a prior CS constitute key risk factors for PAS, this investigation aims to investigate these risk factors and develop a prediction model for massive transfusion (MT) during CS in cases of singleton pregnancies with APP, a prior CS, and prenatal suspicion of PAS, utilizing the placenta accreta spectrum ultrasound scoring system (PASUSS).

Multi-Scale Image Defogging Network Based on Cauchy Inverse Cumulative Function Hybrid Distribution Deformation Convolution.

The aim of this study was to address the issue of significant performance degradation in existing defogging algorithms under extreme fog conditions. Traditional Taylor series-based deformable convolutions are limited by local approximation errors, while the heavy-tailed characteristics of the Cauchy distribution can more successfully model outliers in fog images. The following improvements are made: (1) A displacement generator based on the inverse cumulative distribution function (ICDF) of the Cauchy distribution is designed to transform uniform noise into sampling points with a long-tailed distribution.

FTO inhibition enhances the therapeutic index of radiation therapy in head and neck cancer.

Despite aggressive chemoradiation treatment, the overall survival rate for patients with HPV- head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains poor, highlighting the urgent need for more effective drug-radiotherapy combinations to improve the therapeutic index of radiation therapy (RT). The fat mass and obesity-related gene (FTO) is emerging as a promising cancer therapeutic target; however, its role in the RT response has been underexplored. In our study, we found that both genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of FTO enhanced the efficacy of RT in human and mouse HNSCC tumor xenografts.

Antidepressant drugs promote the spread of broad-host-range plasmid in mouse and human gut microbiota.

Antibiotic resistance is a global public health challenge. The gut microbiota serves as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), facilitating their transfer between bacteria. With the rising incidence of major depressive disorders (MDD), antidepressant prescriptions have surged.

Cuproptosis: mechanisms and nanotherapeutic strategies in cancer and beyond.

Cuproptosis, a novel form of copper (Cu)-dependent programmed cell death, is induced by directly binding Cu species to lipoylated components of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Since its discovery in 2022, cuproptosis has been closely linked to the field of materials science, offering a biological basis and bright prospects for the use of Cu-based nanomaterials in various disease treatments. Owing to the unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, Cu delivery nanosystems can specifically increase Cu levels at disease sites, inducing cuproptosis to achieve disease treatment while minimizing the undesirable release of Cu in normal tissues.

Chinese consumers' perceptions, attitude, and purchase intention of organic products.

Organic agricultural production addresses environmental sustainability and food safety concerns that arise from contemporary industrial farming practices. This study focuses on urban China and aims to explore a behavioural model through which consumers' beliefs and attitudes toward organic food influence their consumption. The proposed model integrates the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) with the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) model.

Effects of ecological water replenishment on microbial denitrification in aquatic environment of infiltration area.

Ecological water replenishment (EWR) is a crucial strategy for solving regional water shortages, yet its ecological impacts warrant further exploration. This study investigated the microbial community succession mechanism in surface water (SW) and groundwater (GW), the denitrification potential of functional bacteria, and their responses to water replenishment events of the South-to-North Water Diversion (SNWD), the largest water transfer project in China. Nitrogen and antibiotic contamination, resulting from prolonged infiltration of reclaimed water, decreased following water replenishment event.

XGBoost model for predicting erectile dysfunction risk after radical prostatectomy: development and validation using machine learning.

Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a frequent complication following radical prostatectomy, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. Traditional predictive methods often struggle to capture complex nonlinear risk factors. This study aims to develop a machine learning-based model to improve ED risk stratification and guide personalized management.

Dual Photoexcited Palladium and Photoredox-Catalyzed Remote C(sp)-H Acylation of Hydroxyamides.

Herein, we report an unprecedented dual photoexcited palladium and photoredox-catalyzed remote C(sp)-H acylation of amides free of external acylating reagents through sequential N-O/C-H/C-O bond cleavage and chemoselective C-C bond formation. This dual catalytic system shows high efficiency, good atom economy by deletion of oxygen, and diverse functional group tolerance. Experimental investigation of the reaction mechanism revealed that -acyl hydroxamides enabled by photoexcited palladium generated the alkyl radicals via a 1,5-HAT process mediated by amidyl radicals and a palladium carboxylate complex, which, undergoing photoredox-catalyzed phosphoranyl radical-mediated C-O bond cleavage, leads to coupling with alkyl radicals to deliver the final products.

EBMGP: a deep learning model for genomic prediction based on Elastic Net feature selection and bidirectional encoder representations from transformer's embedding and multi-head attention pooling.

Enhancing early selection through genomic estimated breeding values is pivotal for reducing generation intervals and accelerating breeding programs. Recently, deep learning (DL) approaches have gained prominence in genomic prediction (GP). Here, we introduce a novel DL framework for GP based on Elastic Net feature selection and bidirectional encoder representations from transformer's embedding and multi-head attention pooling (EBMGP).

Chromatin accessibility states affect transrenal clearance of plasma DNA: Implications for urine-based diagnostics.

Background: Urinary cell-free DNA (ucfDNA) is a valuable resource for truly non-invasive liquid biopsy. UcfDNA comprises transrenal ucfDNA passing from the bloodstream through the glomeruli and locally shed urinary-tract ucfDNA. Understanding their differences in characteristics may enable new diagnostic applications.

A Cross-Language Study of Tonal Variants in Mandarin in Different Attentional Conditions.

This study used an electrophysiological technique to investigate the perception mechanism of Mandarin native speakers and learners from non-tonal language backgrounds when processing the third tone (T3) and its variants in Mandarin. The experiments used a 2 × 2 two-factor mixed design to examine the perception of T3 and its variants and the processing mechanisms of learners and native speakers under different levels of attention. Differences in attention and language backgrounds in the perception of Mandarin tones were further investigated.

Insomnia and prostate cancer risk: insights from NHANES and gene correlation analysis.

Background: Sleep represents a pivotal circadian physiological process that is indispensable for sustaining a normal physiological milieu within the body. The potential role of sleep disorders in contributing to the onset and progression of cancer remains elusive, prompting this study to delve into the intricate relationship between sleep disturbances, specifically insomnia, and the risk of developing prostate cancer.

Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between sleep disorders and prostate cancer using weighted multivariate adjusted logistic regression analysis of data from two cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database (2005-2008).

Effect of prostate volume on the predictive value of prostate-specific antigen density for prostate cancer.

Background: In clinical practice, we observed that some patients with larger prostate volume (PV) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values below 20 ng/mL still yielded negative biopsy results. We aim to establish a more precise volume range for guiding biopsies in patients with enlarged prostate glands.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 424 cases involving patients who underwent prostate biopsy.

Impact of cascade reservoir on the sources of organic matter in sediments of Lancang river.

The construction of dams to intercept natural rivers constitutes the most severe human activity influencing the underlying surface. This study focuses on four cascade reservoirs of the Lancang River and explores their impact on the migration of organic matter in sediments. The research reveals significant spatial variations in total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen concentrations in the sediments of the four reservoirs.

Investigation on the preferences for data quality assessment indicators of electronic health records: user-oriented perspective.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate whether different types of electronic health record (EHR) users have distinct preferences for data quality assessment indicators (DQAI) and explore how these preferences can guide the enhancement of EHR systems and the optimization of related policies.

Materials And Methods: High-frequency indicators were identified by a systematic literature review to construct a DQAI system, which was assessed by a user-oriented investigation involving doctors, nurses, hospital supervisors, and clinical researchers. The entropy weight method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model were employed for the system comprehensive evaluation.

Factors influencing agitation during anesthesia recovery after laparoscopic hernia repair under total inhalation combined with caudal block anesthesia.

Background: Laparoscopic hernia repair is a minimally invasive surgery, but patients may experience emergence agitation (EA) during the post-anesthesia recovery period, which can increase pain and lead to complications such as wound reopening and bleeding. There is limited research on the risk factors for this agitation, and few effective tools exist to predict it. Therefore, by integrating clinical data, we have developed nomograms and random forest predictive models to help clinicians predict and potentially prevent EA.

Primary dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the gallbladder: a case report and literature review.

Background: Liposarcoma (LPS) is a kind of malignancy of soft tissue usually found in the retroperitoneal, limb, or neck region, and some may be detected with delayed symptoms (pain or palpable mass), and less frequently occurs in organs of the digestive system. In contrast, Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is a common histological subtype of LPS. The present study reported a case of dedifferentiated liposarcoma originating in the gallbladder.

Performance of a Full-Coverage Cervical Cancer Screening Program Using on an Artificial Intelligence- and Cloud-Based Diagnostic System: Observational Study of an Ultralarge Population.

Background: The World Health Organization has set a global strategy to eliminate cervical cancer, emphasizing the need for cervical cancer screening coverage to reach 70%. In response, China has developed an action plan to accelerate the elimination of cervical cancer, with Hubei province implementing China's first provincial full-coverage screening program using an artificial intelligence (AI) and cloud-based diagnostic system.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of AI technology in this full-coverage screening program.

Machine learning-guided synthesis of nanomaterials for breast cancer therapy.

Breast cancer is a common malignant tumor, which mostly occurs in female population and is caused by excessive proliferation of breast epithelial cells. Breast cancer can cause nipple discharge, breast lumps and other symptoms, but these symptoms lack certain specificity and are easily confused with other diseases, thus affecting the early treatment of the disease. Once the tumor progresses to the advanced stage, distant metastasis can occur, leading to dysfunction of the affected organs, and even threatening the patients' lives.