China Expert consensus on the application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for the etiological diagnosis of infections in hematological disorders (2024).

Infections are frequent complications in patients with hematological disorders, and pathogen diagnosis remains challenging. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is an unbiased high-throughput technology that has been widely applied in the diagnosis of infectious diseases. However, to date, there are no established international guidelines or expert consensuses regarding the use of mNGS to diagnose infections in patients with hematologic disorders.

Spatial metabolic heterogeneity of sugar-acid balance and pigment accumulation in distinct color regions of apricot ( L.) revealed by MALDI-IMS.

This study is the first to apply spatial metabolomics techniques, MALDI-IMS to investigate differential distributions of sugars, organic acids, and pigments in the red and yellow regions of Yanzhihong apricot fruit. PCA and OPLS-DA analyses indicated that sucrose was significantly higher in the red region (21.39 mg/g) than in the yellow region (17.

Highly efficient and stable ethanol electrosynthesis from carbon dioxide at -250 mA cm.

The electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CORR) to ethanol (CHOH) represents notable research significance and commercial value in large-scale chemical production. However, the limited selectivity for CHOH and the uncontrollable changes in active sites during reaction process restrict the ability of catalyst to achieve stable and efficient CORR to CHOH at industrial current density. Here, we report a system that immunizes the reconstruction of catalytic active sites, where the CuAg catalytic centers are protected by nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA).

Neutrophil extravasation and NETosis in decompression illness lung injury: A P-selectin/PSGL-1/NOX2/PAD4 axis governed pathway validated by multi-model interrogation.

Decompression illness (DCI) is a multi-system pathological syndrome triggered by rapid environmental pressure reduction, leading to multi-organ damage, including pulmonary injury. Through integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, this study reveals that P-selectin activates neutrophil NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) and peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) via its receptor PSGL-1, forming a cascade signaling network that regulates neutrophil extravasation and extracellular trap (NETosis) formation, playing a pivotal role in DCI-induced lung injury. By pioneering a human lung organoid-on-a-chip (OOC)-based bionic DCI in vitro model, we dynamically simulated the pathological progression of DCI and systematically validated, for the first time in a human-derived experimental system, the central role of endothelial barrier injury-mediated neutrophil transendothelial extravasation and NETosis in DCI-related pulmonary damage.

[Effects of drought stress training on polysaccharide accumulation and drought resistance of Codonopsis pilosula].

In order to clarify the effects of drought stress training on the quality and drought resistance of Codonopsis pilosula, this study used PEG to simulate drought stress and employed potting with water control for the drought stress training of C. pilosula plants. The polysaccharide content, secondary metabolites, antioxidant system, and photosynthetic pigment system of C.

Phosphoantigen-induced inside-out stabilization of butyrophilin receptor complexes drives dimerization-dependent γδ TCR activation.

Phosphoantigens (pAgs), produced by infected or cancer cells, trigger the assembly of a membrane receptor complex comprising butyrophilin (BTN) members BTN3A1 and BTN2A1, leading to the activation of γδ T cells. BTN3A2 or BTN3A3 forms heteromers with BTN3A1, exhibiting higher γδ T cell receptor (TCR)-stimulating activity than BTN3A1 homomers. Cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure reveals a pAg-induced BTN2A1-BTN3A1 heterotetramer with a 2:2 stoichiometry, stabilized by interactions between the intracellular B30.

Highly Efficient and Stable Bifunctional CoNiS for Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol and Facilitation of Hydrogen Production.

The electrocatalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol (BAOR) is crucial for promoting green industrial oxidation processes and enhancing the yield and productivity of high-value chemicals. However, there are challenges in this field, such as difficult oxidation steps in alkaline electrolytes, slow reaction kinetics, and difficulty in preserving the activity of catalysts during long-term catalytic reactions. Addressing these issues and achieving synergistic reactions to improve energy utilization by combining hydrogen evolution with enhanced catalyst activity and stability warrants focused investigation.

Gastrointestinal traits, common inflammatory disorders, gallstones, and biliary tract cancer: A network Mendelian randomization study.

Introduction: Observational studies have shown that gallstone disease (GSD), cholecystitis, cholangitis, polyp of gallbladder, viral hepatitis, pancreatitis and gastrointestinal (GI) traits such as H. pylori infection, inflammatory bowel disease, and digestive ulcer are associated with the risk of biliary tract cancer (BTC). However, no study has explored their causal associations.

β-Asarone Inhibits Carboplatin Resistance in Retinoblastoma Cells Through the UCA1/miR-206/NRP1 Axis.

Retinoblastoma (RB) is an aggressive form of eye cancer. β-Asarone is a bioactive component isolated from the medicinal plant Acorus tatarinowii Schott and has anticancer effects on various human cancers. However, reports regarding the role of β-Asarone in RB remain limited.

Genetic diversity and phylogeography of the endemic species Prunus mira in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

Studying the evolutionary history of plants in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau region provides a theoretical basis for the conservation and use of plant genetic resources. In this study, we analyzed five chloroplast gene fragments to examine the genetic diversity and phylogeography of Prunus mira in 577 individuals from 32 populations. The results indicated that P.

Liver Function-Related Indicators and Risk of Gallstone Diseases-A Multicenter Study and a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

We aim to examine the association between liver function-related indicators and gallstone disease (GSD) risk. The subjects who participated in the China Multicenter Physical Examination Cohort (CMPEC) were enrolled. Relative odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs and standardized mean differences (SMDs) were applied to investigate the effect of liver function-related indicators and GSD risk.

A Regenerable Bi-Based Catalyst for Efficient and Stable Electrochemical CO Reduction to Formate at Industrial Current Densities.

Renewable electricity shows immense potential as a driving force for the carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CORR) in production of formate (HCOO) at industrial current density, providing a promising path for value-added chemicals and chemical manufacturing. However, achieving high selectivity and stable production of HCOO at industrial current density remains a challenge. Here, we present a robust BiCu NSs catalyst capable of regenerating necessary catalytic core (Bi-O) through cyclic voltammetry (CV) treatment.

[New Progress in Longitudinal Research on the Risk Factors for Cholelithiasis].

Cholelithiasis is a common disease of the digestive system. The risk factors for cholelithiasis have been reported and summarized many times in the published literature, which primarily focused on cross-sectional studies. Due to the inherent limitations of the study design, the reported findings still need to be validated in additional longitudinal studies.

Independent association of general and central adiposity with risk of gallstone disease: observational and genetic analyses.

Background: General obesity is a well-established risk factor for gallstone disease (GSD), but whether central obesity contributes additional independent risk remains controversial. We aimed to comprehensively clarify the effect of body fat distribution on GSD.

Methods: We first investigated the observational association of central adiposity, characterized by waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), with GSD risk using data from UK Biobank (N=472,050).

Sequencing and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Chloroplast Genome of Three Apricot Species.

The production and quality of apricots in China is currently limited by the availability of germplasm resource characterizations, including identification at the species and cultivar level. To help address this issue, the complete chloroplast genomes of L., L.

Transcriptome Analysis of Embryogenic and Non-Embryogenic Callus of .

is a rare tree species in China, which is of great significance in combating desertification and improving the harsh ecological environment. Due to the low rate of natural regeneration, high mortality, and susceptibility to pests and cold springs, has gradually become extinct. At present, somatic embryogenesis (SE) is the most effective method of micro-proliferation in conifers, but the induction rate of embryogenic callus (EC) is low, and EC is difficult to differentiate from non-embryonic callus (NEC).

Epidemiological and genetic evidence for the relationship between ABO blood group and human cancer.

To comprehensively evaluate the etiological role of ABO blood group in human cancer, we conducted a large-scale meta-analysis of 127 publications totaling 20 million participants including 231 737 patients of 20 cancers, supplemented by genetic evidence. Effects of A, AB and B groups on cancer risk were investigated by respectively comparing with O group and their combined counterparts, and subgroup analysis by ethnicity was conducted for O-referent models. For cancer categories, A group increased risk of cancers of oral cavity and nasopharynx, digestive and female genital organs, while both AB and B groups showed associations with cancers of digestive and female genital organs.

Qingre Xingyu recipe exerts inhibiting effects on ulcerative colitis development by inhibiting TNFα/NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β pathway and macrophage M1 polarization.

As a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis (UC) imposes a significant burden on public healthcare worldwide due to its increasing morbidity. Chinese medicines are regarded as potent therapeutic agents for UC treatment with minimal side effects. In the present study, we sought to determine the novel role of a traditional medicine Qingre Xingyu (QRXY) recipe in the development of UC and aimed to contribute to the currently available knowledge about UC by exploring the downstream mechanism of QRXY recipe in UC.

S100A1 expression is increased in spinal cord injury and promotes inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by LPS via ERK signaling.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe neurological disorder and the molecular mechanisms leading to its poor prognosis remain to be elucidated. S100A1, a mediator of Ca2+ handling of sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial function, operates as an endogenous danger signal (alarmin) associated with inflammatory response and tissue injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression and biological effects of S100A1 in SCI.

Addictive behavior and incident gallstone disease: A dose-response meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Previous studies have suggested associations between addictive behavior and gallstone disease (GSD) risk, yet conflicting results exist. It also remains unclear whether this association is causal or due to confounding or reverse associations. The present study aims to systematically analyze the epidemiological evidence for these associations, as well as estimate the potential causal relationships using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Ibuprofen on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Sarcoma Cells via PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway.

Nowadays, there is a serious lack of information about the value-added apoptosis of sarcoma cells in China. Especially in clinical medicine, exploring the effect of ibuprofen on the growth and apoptosis of fibrosarcoma cells under the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway can not only effectively prevent us in advance, but also be a great way to break through this field. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ibuprofen on the proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of fibrosarcoma cells through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Causal effect of autoimmune liver diseases on cancer: Meta-analyses of cohort studies and Mendelian randomization study.

Background And Aims: Prior studies suggested that patients with autoimmune liver diseases (AiLDs) had an increased risk of cancer, whereas the causal effect remained unclear.

Methods: Meta-analyses concerning the relationship between AiLD and cancer risk were performed to calculate the pooled relative risk (RR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Then, the associations with a p value of <.

X-ray source design optimization using differential evolution algorithms-A case study.

Traditional x-ray sources used today for multiple applications, such as medical imaging (computed tomography, radiography, mammography, and interventional radiology) or industrial inspection, are vacuum based electron beam devices that include several key components, such as electron emitters, electron guns/cathodes, and anodes/targets. The associated electronics for electron beam generation, focusing and control, and beam acceleration are located outside the vacuum chamber. The general topology of these tubes has been directionally unchanged for more than 100 years; however, tube design remains a long, inefficient, tedious, and complex process; blind design of experiments do not necessarily make the process more efficient.