Synthesis of nanoscale zero-valent iron by one-pot route and study of its potential in passivating coexistent heavy metal anions and cations in soil.

Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) was synthesized by a one-pot liquid-phase chemical method in the presence of FeSO as the iron source and NaBH as the reducing agent. The synthesized nZVI was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Its ability to passivate Pb, Cd, and AsO in soils was evaluated by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy, and the passivation mechanism was explored based on adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics simulations.

Molecular design of sensitizers for high-efficiency OLEDs: exploration of energy transfer dynamics.

As a class of functional materials used in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), sensitizers play a crucial role in the improvement of device efficiency, color purity, and stability. In recent years, thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) sensitizers have attracted much attention mainly because of their high exciton utilization efficiency by converting quenched triplet excitons into singlet excitons. Despite the experimental success of sensitization strategies in enhancing OLED performance, the lack of theoretical models for sensitizers continues to hinder further development.

Reduction in within-litter variation of piglet birth weight through dietary supplementation of 3-hydroxyisobutyric acid in sows.

Within-litter variations in birth weight (BW) influence piglet postnatal growth and survival rate. The present study investigated the effects of the valine metabolite 3-hydroxyisobutyric acid (3-HIB) on the birth weight of piglets by supplementing the sow diet with 3-HIB during late pregnancy. Forty sows were assigned randomly to the control (Con) group and 3-HIB supplementation groups (15 mg/kg body weight), with 20 sows per group.

Synergistic therapy of Chinese herbal medicine and gut microbiota modulation for post-stroke cognitive recovery: focus on microbial metabolite and immunoinflammation.

Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI), a common complication following stroke, significantly impacts patients' quality of life and rehabilitation. Recent studies have highlighted the role of gut microbiota and their metabolites in modulating immunoinflammation and cognitive function via the gut-brain axis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and microbiota interventions including probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation, have shown potential in reshaping gut microbial communities and metabolite profiles.

Effects of Gender Differences in 677C > T and Homocysteine Level on the Occurrence of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes.

The MTHFR 677C > T polymorphism in women has been associated with an increased risk of deep venous thrombosis and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). However, research concerning its effects in men remains limited. This study examined 662 adults with a history of pregnancies affected by chromosomal abnormalities (CAs: 343 females and 319 males), 137 adults with a history of pregnancies affected by cleft lip and palate (CLP: 71 females and 66 males), and 133 adults with a history of biochemical pregnancies (BPs: 65 females and 68 males), forming three case groups.

Microbial removal mechanism of chromium and cadmium by humic acid-loaded nano zero-valent iron prepared by liquid-phase reduction method.

Heavy metal pollution is a global issue that has drawn significant attention due to its environmental and health risks. This thesis focuses on the research of highly toxic chromium and cadmium in the environment. It explores the removal mechanism of Cr and Cd contamination using humic acid-loaded nano-zero-valent iron (NZVI@HA) prepared through a liquid-phase reduction method.

2-1,4-Benzoxazin-3(4)-one linked 1,2,3-triazole derivatives and their study on inducing DNA damage in tumor cells.

This study explores the anticancer potential of rigid planar compounds capable of intercalating into tumor cell DNA, thereby inducing DNA damage and subsequent cell death. A novel series of compounds () were synthesized using 2-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4)-one as the planar core structure, with 1,2,3-triazole groups introduced at the 7-position. Biological evaluation across multiple human tumor cell lines revealed that several c-series compounds exhibited notable inhibitory activity against Huh-7 liver cancer cells, with IC values of 28.

Genetically engineered MSC-derived hybrid cellular vesicles for ROS-scavenging and mitochondrial homeostasis in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) poses a significant clinical challenge in liver surgery and transplantation, primarily mediated through oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammatory activation. Herein, we developed SOD2-Res@CVs, an engineered vesicular platform combining SOD2-overexpressing mesenchymal stem cell-derived vesicles with liver-targeted and ROS-responsive resveratrol (Res)-loaded liposomes for multi-mechanistic intervention. In vivo imaging demonstrated that SOD2-Res@CVs selectively accumulated in IRI-damaged hepatic tissues.

A Comparative Evaluation of Machine Learning and Deep Graph Learning for Chemical Ecotoxicological Prediction.

Regulating chemicals to protect the environment based on ecotoxicological assessments is a major challenge. However, experimental ecotoxicity tests are time-consuming and expensive, which underscores the need for accurate prediction methods. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis on the application of machine learning and graph-based learning techniques for the ecotoxicological prediction of chemicals.

Permeability Model Sets Based on REV Strains and the Mesoscale Deformation Law of Coal and Sensitivity Analysis of Key Parameters.

Accurate prediction of permeability can be of great help in the exploitation of coal-bed methane resources. Based on the representative element volume (REV) and cubic law, a series of novel permeability models have been derived in this study, which can be categorized into the model sets of cubic law equivalent (CLE), constant matrix width (CMW), and constant REV volume (CRV), enabling a more realistic representation of the mesoscale deformation behavior of coal under stress environments. The CLE model set containing the real strain relations matches the experimental data better than the CMW model set containing the simplified strain relations.

Effect of different concentrations of gibberellins on antibiotics and nutrient removal using microalgae-bacteria consortia system.

Phytohormone gibberellins (GAs) were utilized to enhance the removal of tetracycline antibiotics and nutrients from swine wastewater by different algal-bacterial symbiosis. Compared to microalgae monoculture, microalgae-activated sludge, and microalgae-, microalgae-endophytic bacteria showed better growth, photosynthetic, and purification performance. At 50 mg L GAs addition concentration, the specific growth rate of -endophytic bacterial (S395-2) system was 0.

The key enzyme PYCR1 in proline metabolism: a dual driver of cancer progression and fibrotic remodeling.

Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Reductase 1 (PYCR1), a member of the PYCR family, is a key enzyme in the proline biosynthesis pathway. Notably, PYCR1 was originally identified via genetic disease research, linking its mutations to the occurrence of cutis laxa. PYCR1 contributes to the pathogenesis of malignancies and fibrotic diseases via mechanisms involving metabolic reprogramming, Extracellular Matrix (ECM) remodelling, and redox homeostasis maintenance.

Overcoming ACQ: DPA-modified TICT-type AIEgens for high-resolution and multilevel latent fingerprint visualization.

Latent fingerprints (LFPs), as critical carriers of personal identification information, present a long-standing challenge for high-resolution imaging in forensic science. Aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens), known for their superior luminescence in aggregated or high-viscosity environments, have emerged as ideal candidates for high-contrast fingerprint visualization. In this study, we designed a series of novel AIEgens by introducing diphenylamine (DPA) donor groups at the 3- and 11-positions of a quinazolinone core, effectively constructing twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) systems.

Advances in ε-Poly-Lysine Biosynthesis, Selection of High-Yielding Strains and Regulatory Mechanisms.

ε-Poly-lysine (ε-PL) is a naturally occurring antimicrobial polypeptide that has been approved as a food preservative in several major global markets, including Japan, China, and the United States, where it is classified as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS). It exhibits efficacy against Gram-positive and select Gram-negative bacteria, indicating its broad potential for application in both industrial and medical sectors. The mature fermentation process of Streptomyces albulus has established it as the primary production strain for ε-PL.

A Shape-Recovery Polycationic Fibroin for Hemostasis-Regeneration Transition by Recapitulating Natural Coagulation Networks.

Large-scale and deep trauma restricts the effective hemostasis and tissue regeneration management, even causing death. The formation of the fibrin network is the initial stage of wound control. Inspired by Fn's characteristics during coagulation, an artificial polycationic fibroin (pCSF/β) is designed to achieve hemostasis-regeneration transition.

Mechanistic Insights into Aflatoxin B and M Degradation by HNGD-Mq02 from Wheat Koji and Its Application in Food Detoxification.

Aflatoxin B (AFB), the most toxic and prevalent mycotoxin in food and feed, and its hydroxylated metabolite aflatoxin M (AFM), common in dairy products, pose serious health risks. Effective degradation of these toxins is thus a key goal in food safety. In this study, HNGD-Mq02 was isolated and assessed for its ability to degrade AFB and AFM.

Circadian disruption and ROS-NLRP3 signaling mediate sleep deprivation-enhanced silica nanoparticle toxicity in lacrimal glands.

Sleep deprivation (SD) and exposure to engineered nanomaterials such as silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) are emerging risk factors for ocular surface disorders, particularly dry eye disease. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying their combined impact on lacrimal gland function remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the synergistic effects of SD and SiNPs exposure on circadian regulation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and structural integrity of the extraorbital lacrimal glands (ELGs) in C57BL/6J mice.

Global burden of thyroid cancer attributed to high body mass index and predictive trends: estimated results from the global health data study, 1990-2021.

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine tumor, impacting patients' quality of life and contributing to a significant societal burden. This study aims to estimate the global burden of thyroid cancer attributable to High Body Mass Index(HBMI) over the past 30 years.

Methods: The mortality rates, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized rates (ASRs) attributable to HBMI for thyroid cancer were extracted.

Establishment of HPLC Fingerprint of Different Drying Methods of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Study on Spectrum Effect Relationship.

To study the spectrum-effect relationship between antioxidant activity and HPLC fingerprint of Salvia miltiorrhiza with different drying methods. The fingerprints of 21 batches of S. miltiorrhiza dried by different drying methods were examined by HPLC, and the common peaks were identified by comparison with the control chromatogram.

Exploring the potential bioactive compounds group and mechanism of Ci Bai Capsule in treating leukopenia: a combined approach of network pharmacology and transcriptome evidences.

Background: Radiation-induced leukopenia caused by low-dose exposure is frequently associated with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndromes like "blood deficiency" and "fatigue syndrome". Ci Bai Capsule (CB) has been reported to enhance white blood cell levels; however, its mechanisms and bioactive compounds remain unclear.

Aim: This study aimed to identify the bioactive compounds group of CB and elucidate its potential mechanisms in radiation-induced leukopenia.

A dual-target pectin-like polysaccharide LRP01B from Lamiophlomis rotata induces pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo by causing mitochondrial dysfunction.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly malignant cancer with limited treatment options. Recent pharmacological studies suggested that Lamiophlomis rotata might contain components with antitumor activities. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential of polysaccharides as active components in Lamiophlomis rotata.

Exploring the influencing factors of teacher beliefs and their impact on teacher behaviors.

Background: With the continuous advancement of educational technology and the growing variety of educational models, teachers' roles and duties have experienced significant transformations. To adapt to these rapidly evolving educational demands, teachers must adjust their teacher strategies. teacher beliefs are central to their instructional decisions and significantly impact educational quality and student learning outcomes.

CRISPR-SDA: an integrated isothermal amplification and CRISPR-Cas12a biosensing platform for sensitive detection of microRNA-21.

MicroRNA-21 (miRNA-21), a critical oncogenic biomarker, poses detection challenges due to low abundance and limitations of conventional methods. Herein, we developed a novel CRISPR-SDA biosensing platform by integrating strand displacement amplification (SDA) with CRISPR-Cas12a, leveraging SDA's efficient isothermal amplification of miRNA-21 and Cas12a's precise target recognition and -cleavage activity for signal amplification. Optimized conditions achieved high sensitivity with a detection limit of 10.