Advances in ε-Poly-Lysine Biosynthesis, Selection of High-Yielding Strains and Regulatory Mechanisms.

ε-Poly-lysine (ε-PL) is a naturally occurring antimicrobial polypeptide that has been approved as a food preservative in several major global markets, including Japan, China, and the United States, where it is classified as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS). It exhibits efficacy against Gram-positive and select Gram-negative bacteria, indicating its broad potential for application in both industrial and medical sectors. The mature fermentation process of Streptomyces albulus has established it as the primary production strain for ε-PL.

Impact of Tagatose on Physicochemical, Nutritional, and In Vitro Digestive Properties of Toast Bread.

It is more attractive to develop effective strategies to reduce sugar intake without compromising food quality with the rising prevalence of obesity and diabetes around the world. Due to its high cost, tagatose has not been widely adopted as a sucrose substitute in toast bread. In the present research, five types of toast containing different proportions (0%, 4%, 8%, 12%, and 16%) of tagatose with sweetness similar to that of sucrose were prepared.

Effects of different strains fermentation on nutritional functional components and flavor compounds of sweet potato slurry.

In this paper, we study the effect of microbial fermentation on the nutrient composition and flavor of sweet potato slurry, different strains of , and were employed to ferment sweet potato slurry. After 48 h of fermentation with different strains (10% inoculation amount), we compared the effects of several strains on the nutritional and functional constituents (protein, soluble dietary fiber, organic acid, soluble sugar, total polyphenol, free amino acid, and sensory characteristics). The results demonstrated that the total sugar level of sweet potato slurry fell significantly after fermentation by various strains, indicating that these strains can utilize the nutritious components of sweet potato slurry for fermentation.

Effect of fermentation on structural properties and antioxidant activity of wheat gluten by .

has been extensively studied for its ability to inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms and its high protease activity. In this study, was used to ferment gluten and assess the effects of the fermentation process on the physicochemical, microstructure and antioxidant properties of gluten. The results of Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and circular chromatography (CD) showed a significant decrease in the content of α-helix structures and a significant increase in the content of β-sheet structures in gluten after fermentation ( < 0.

Preparation and identification of an antioxidant peptide from wheat embryo albumin and characterization of its Maillard reaction products.

Wheat embryo albumin (WEA) extracted from wheat embryo possesses multiple effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory effects. In this study, a single factor experiment was conducted to determine the optimal enzymolysis conditions of WEA. Five components (F1-F5) were obtained via ultrafiltration, among which F3 (molecular weight 3-5 kDa) displayed the best antioxidant activity.

dynamic digestion and anti-fatigue effects of wheat embryo albumin.

Wheat germ protein including wheat embryo albumin (WEA) demonstrates extensive biological activity. dynamic digestion of WEA was carried out under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Anti-fatigue effects of WEA were evaluated using mice forced to swim.

Wheat embryo globulin nutrients ameliorate d-galactose and aluminum chloride-induced cognitive impairment in rats.

Wheat embryo globulin nutrient (WEGN), with wheat embryo globulin (WEG) as the main functional component, is a nutritional combination that specifically targets memory impairment. In this study, we explored the protective role of WEGN on Alzheimer's disease (AD)-triggered cognitive impairment, neuronal injury, oxidative stress, and acetylcholine system disorder. Specifically, we established an AD model via administration of d-galactose (d-gal) and Aluminum chloride (AlCl) for 70 days, then on the 36th day, administered animals in the donepezil and WEGN (300, 600, and 900 mg/kg) groups with drugs by gavage for 35 days.

Wheat embryo globulin protects against acute alcohol-induced liver injury in mice.

Wheat Embryo Globulin (WEG) is a high-quality plant-derived protein with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunity enhancement effects. WEG was prepared and characterized using free amino acid analysis, circular dichroism (CD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The liver protection effect of WEG on mice after acute alcohol stimulation was also investigated.

Preparation, characterization, and cytotoxicity evaluation of self-assembled nanoparticles of diosgenin-cytarabine conjugate.

Diosgenin (DG) isolated from yam roots revealed various bioactivities and applications as drug carrier. In the present study, a conjugate of DG with cytarabine (Ara-C) was used to prepare the self-assembled nanoparticles (NPs) of DG-Ara-C by a nanoprecipitation method. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were employed to analyze the size and the morphology of NPs, respectively.

Synthesis, anticancer activity and potential application of diosgenin modified cancer chemotherapeutic agent cytarabine.

Diosgenin (DG), a steroidal saponin, is mainly found in yam tubers. DG and its derivatives displayed significant pharmacological activities against inflammatory, hyperlipidemia, and various cancers. DG was selected to modify the cancer chemotherapeutic agent cytarabine (Ara-C) due to its anti-tumor activities as well as lipophilicity.

Effects of sulfated, phosphorylated and carboxymethylated modifications on the antioxidant activities in-vitro of polysaccharides sequentially extracted from Amana edulis.

In this study, four sequentially extracted polysaccharides (AEPs) from Amana edulis were modified by sulphation, phosphorylation, and carboxylation modifications (S-AEPs, P-AEPs, C-AEPs), and compared for their anti-oxidant activities. After modification, sugar and protein contents were decreased and uronic acid content was increased in comparison to native AEPs. UV absorption showed similar maximum absorption peaks of modified derivatives which indicated their homogeneous nature.

Microstructural, Textural, Sensory Properties and Quality of Wheat-Yam Composite Flour Noodles.

Herein, feasibility of supplementing wheat flour with Chinese yam powder (CYP) for noodle preparation was assessed. After supplementation with CYP, the alterations in chemical, texture, cooking, rheological, and microstructure attributes of noodles were observed. Due to higher protein and lower gluten, 20% of CYP promoted the stable network of gluten and starch particles.

Aromatic effects of immobilized enzymatic oxidation of chicken fat on flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) derived Maillard reaction products.

To control the oxidation in chicken fat by immobilized lipoxygenase (LOX), Maillard reaction products (MRPs) with chicken flavor were prepared and analyzed for flavor mechanism. >50% activity of immobilized LOX was retained after repeated use for five times or five weeks. The oxidized chicken fats were prepared by thermal, free LOX, and immobilized LOX treatments.

The rheological properties and emulsifying behavior of polysaccharides sequentially extracted from Amana edulis.

The rheological properties and emulsifying behavior of four polysaccharides (HBSS, CHSS, DASS, and CASS) sequentially extracted from Amana edulis (AEPs) were investigated under various concentrations, temperatures, pH levels, and ionic strengths. The apparent viscosity of the four AEPs solutions at 1% (w/w) concentration were found to be CHSS > DASS > HBSS > CASS. When the AEPs were heated to 100 C, they showed lower colloidal viscosity, whereas after refrigeration and chilling, higher apparent viscosities were observed.

Modification of wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber with carboxymethylation, complex enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrafine comminution.

To improve the industrial application of wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber (W-IDF), three modification methods (carboxymethylation, complex enzymatic hydrolysis, and ultrafine comminution) were compared on the basis of structural, physicochemical, functional, and antioxidant properties of W-IDF. FT-IR, DSC and SEM analysis showed that modifications contributed to alteration in morphology and arrangement of chemical bonds in W-IDF. Carboxymethylation effectively improved the water retention (WRC), water swelling (WSC), and glucose adsorption capacities (GAC); complex enzymatic hydrolysis greatly improved the oil retention (ORC), GAC, and nitrite ion adsorption capacities (NIAC).

The rheological properties of differentially extracted polysaccharides from potatoes peels.

The effects of concentration, temperature, pH, and salt ion concentration on the apparent viscosity of potato peel (PP) polysaccharide solutions were studied. The results showed that the PP polysaccharides exhibited the characteristics of "non-Newtonian fluid". The apparent viscosity of the PP polysaccharides decreased under acidic, alkaline conditions, and with the increasing temperature.

Acute, genetic and sub-chronic toxicities of flaxseed derived Maillard reaction products.

In present study, the acute, genetic, and sub-chronic toxicities of flaxseed derived Maillard reaction products (MRPs) were investigated. Acute toxicity results showed that the 50% lethal dose (LD) of MRPs in rats was >15.0 g/kg body weight (BW); whereas, the 50% effective dose (ED) of MRPs was 12.

Physicochemical and antioxidant potential of polysaccharides sequentially extracted from Amana edulis.

Amana edulis polysaccharides (AEPs) specifically HBSS, CHSS, DASS, and CASS were sequentially extracted with four different solvents. The present study characterized the AEPs with particular focus on their physicochemical and anti-oxidant based functional properties. Initially, monosaccharide analysis revealed arabinose (31.

Licochalcone B Extracted from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch Induces Apoptotic Effects in Human Hepatoma Cell HepG2.

The present study explored the molecular mechanism by which licochalcone B induces the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human hepatoma cell HepG2. Initial extraction and identification were performed by HPLC, UPLC-TOF-MS/MS, and NMR analysis, respectively. Licochalcone B inhibited the HepG2 growth with IC (110.

Evaluation of structural, functional, and anti-oxidant potential of differentially extracted polysaccharides from potatoes peels.

Potato peel was used for the extraction of three types of polysaccharides (PW, PAL, and PAC) using water, alkaline, and acid treatments, respectively. The structure of the PP polysaccharides was examined by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results suggest that the extracted polysaccharides constituted essentially three functional groups: CO, CH, and OH.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of arginyl-diosgenin conjugate as a potential bone tissue engineering agent.

Water-soluble arginyl-diosgenin (Arg-DG) conjugate was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for a biological activity. The Arg-DG conjugate was characterized using FT-IR, H NMR, C NMR, and HPLC-MS analyses, followed by a biological activity evaluation. Compared with DG, the Arg-DG conjugate showed a decreased cytotoxicity against L929 cells and an increased antiproliferative activity against hepatocellular cells.

Design, synthesis and evaluation of 5-substituted 1-H-tetrazoles as potent anticonvulsant agents.

A series of 5-substituted 1-H-tetrazoles were designed and synthesized as potent anticonvulsant agents. Their preliminary anticonvulsant activities were evaluated using maximal electroshock and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) seizure tests. Neurotoxicity was determined using rotarod test.

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of the Oak Silkworm (Antheraea pernyi) Pupal Oil: process optimization and composition determination.

Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO(2)) extraction of oil from oak silkworm pupae was performed in the present research. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the parameters of SC-CO(2) extraction, including extraction pressure, temperature, time and CO(2) flow rate on the yield of oak silkworm pupal oil (OSPO). The optimal extraction condition for oil yield within the experimental range of the variables researched was at 28.

Optimization of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of silkworm pupal oil applying the response surface methodology.

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SC-CO(2)) of oil from desilked silkworm pupae was performed. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the parameters of SC-CO(2) extraction. The effects of independent variables, including pressure, temperature, CO(2) flow rate, and extraction time, on the yield of oil were investigated.