HIF-1α in glioblastoma multiforme cells: Mechanisms involving the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a rapidly progressing brain malignancy, with its progression closely tied to a hypoxic microenvironment. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) acts as a vital regulator in tumor adaptation to low oxygen levels, and its relationship with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway exerts significant functions in the malignant properties of GBM. In this research, Western blot and qRT-PCR were applied to check β-catenin and HIF-1α expression in GBM.

Formation of formaldehyde in dialdehyde polysaccharides tanning agent: Effect of polysaccharide structural characteristic.

Dialdehyde polysaccharides (DAPs) were prepared as tanning agents via periodate oxidation, intentionally omitting ethanol precipitation to maintain molecular weight polydispersity, thus optimizing tanning performance. However, the presence of formaldehyde in these DAPs compromised their environmental sustainability. This study systematically explored the impact of polysaccharide structures on formaldehyde formation in DAPs.

Bimetallic SnBi catalyst in metal-organic framework for efficient electrocatalytic CO conversion.

Currently, electrocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide into higher-value compounds is a promising approach. However, developing a stable and efficient catalyst with high selectivity for specific products remains a major challenge. Herein, we constructed a bismuth-based metal-organic framework (Bi-MOF) as a catalyst for the catalytic production of formic acid from carbon dioxide, to which different ratios of tin metal elements were doped.

Dimethyl fumarate mitigates osteoarthritis progression through Nrf2 activation-mediated suppression of oxidative stress and subchondral osteoclastogenesis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease associated with imbalanced subchondral bone remodeling, and there is currently no curative treatment available. In OA, excessive osteoclast activity leads to bone loss and inflammatory responses. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), an Nrf2 activator already used in treating psoriasis and multiple sclerosis, may alleviate OA by suppressing oxidative stress and osteoclastogenesis.

A cellulose-based near-infrared fluorescent probe for ratiometric imaging and visual monitoring of ClO in water via smartphone.

Cellulose is the most abundant renewable biomass resource on Earth, with good biodegradability and biocompatibility. In this study, a novel cellulose-based near-infrared fluorescent probe MN@NIR for ClO detection was developed by amination modification of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), followed by the introduction of naphthalimide fluorophores and dicyanoisophorone groups. The probe MN@NIR exhibits excellent fluorescence properties with dual-emission peaks at 543 nm and 690 nm, the latter falling within the near-infrared (NIR) window.

Efficacy and safety of intranasal corticosteroids combined with mucoactive drugs for chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) leads to a burden in life and economy. Better therapies need to be explored.

Objective: This stage I study aims to explore the efficacy and safety of intranasal corticosteroids combined with mucoactive drugs for CRS.

E-SegNet: E-Shaped Structure Networks for Accurate 2D and 3D Medical Image Segmentation.

U-structure has become a foundational approach in medical image segmentation, consistently demonstrating strong performance across various segmentation tasks. Most current models are based on this framework, customizing encoder-decoder components to achieve higher accuracy across various segmentation challenges. However, this often comes at the cost of increased parameter counts, which inevitably limit their practicality in real-world applications.

Effectiveness of computer-assisted cognitive training on cognitive function and activities of daily living in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of computer-assisted cognitive training (CACT) on cognitive function and activities of daily living in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment. Additionally, it aimed to explore the changes in specific cognitive domains before and after treatment.

Design: The study was a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial.

First-line benmelstobart plus anlotinib versus sunitinib in advanced renal cell carcinoma (ETER100): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Background: The underexplored potential of PD-L1 blockade in advanced renal cell carcinoma highlights an urgent need for novel agents. This trial aimed to compare benmelstobart (a novel PD-L1 inhibitor) plus anlotinib with sunitinib as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Methods: ETER100 was a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial conducted at 37 medical sites in China.

Effect of Stellate Ganglion Block on Preventing Atrial Fibrillation After Esophagectomy: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a common complication after esophagectomy and is associated with adverse outcomes. This study investigated whether preoperative stellate ganglion block (SGB) could reduce the incidence of POAF and improve postoperative recovery.

Methods: In this single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 100 patients undergoing esophagectomy were randomly assigned to receive ultrasound-guided right-sided SGB with 7 mL of either 0.

Nucleolar protein DCAF13 promotes non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation via facilitating rDNA transcription and ribosome biogenesis.

The nucleolus is an important nonmembranous organelle within the nucleus and is responsible for ribosome biogenesis. This process is frequently upregulated in tumors to support elevated protein synthesis and sustain tumor growth. The transcription of rDNA into pre-45S rRNA, a rate-limiting step in ribosomal biogenesis, has been reported to be enhanced to drive the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Highly sensitive and selective ratiometric fluorescence detection of ATP using aptamer-functionalized FeO nanozymes with tunable activity.

Herein, a highly sensitive and selective ratiometric fluorescence platform was constructed for probing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for the first time by using magnetic FeO nanozymes that were modified by ATP-specific aptamer labeled with 7-Amino-4-methyl-3-coumarinylacetic acid (Apt-AMCA) to yield FeO@Apt-AMCA. It was discovered that the incorporation of Apt-AMCA greatly enhance the peroxidase-like activity of FeO nanozymes, which might catalyze more o-phenylenediamine (OPD) substrates into fluorescent oxidized OPD (DAP) with a emission of 560 nm. More importantly, upon ATP addition, Apt-AMCA could potentially be released from FeO@Apt-AMCA because of Apt-target binding and the competition between ATP and Apt.

Oriented near-surface catalytic oxidation through strengthening surface-localized radical generation over CoFe bimetallic sites: Synergistic mechanism and electro-assisted regeneration.

Nanocatalysts-catalyzed heterogeneous advanced oxidation process offers a promising option for decentralized wastewater treatment, whereas free reactive oxygen species (ROS) suffer from ultrashort lifetime and self-quenching effect. Herein, bimetallic CoFe-layered double hydroxide nanorods are synthesized over three-dimensional conductive nickel foam (CoFe-LDHs/NF) to achieve high proportion of surface-localized ROS by peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. The Fe incorporation motivates electron redistribution of Co-Fe dual metal sites in stoichiometrically-optimized CoFe-LDHs/NF, and promotes the binding affinity of Co sites for surface complexed PMS and ROS.

Vision transformer network discovers the prognostic value of pancreatic cancer pathology sections via interpretable risk scores.

Pathological sections hold rich diagnostic information, yet their prognostic potential is underutilized. This study leverages deep learning to predict outcomes, advancing precision oncology of pathological sections with focus on pancreatic cancer. We analyzed H&E-stained whole section images of 125 cases from public databases as well as 28 real-world patients with pancreatic cancer and precancerous lesions.

Comprehensive analysis of cancer and non-cancer mortality in patients with bone metastases: A population-based study.

Purpose: To characterize causes of death in patients with bone metastases and to support data-driven approaches to survivorship planning and clinical decision-making in this population.

Methods: Using data from the SEER registry (2010-2021), we identified 186,404 patients with newly diagnosed bone metastases. Causes of death were classified as related to the cancer-specific, non-cancer, or subsequent cancer.

Role of pyroptosis in pregnancy-related diseases.

Pyroptosis, a form of programmed cell death characterized by inflammasome-mediated cellular swelling and membrane perforation. This pathway is involved in diverse pathophysiological processes, including inflammatory diseases and tumors. Notably, the role of pyroptosis in pregnancy-related diseases such as preeclampsia, recurrent spontaneous abortion, neonatal developmental dysplasia, preterm birth, and gestational diabetes mellitus has not been elucidated yet.

Effect of different concentrations of gibberellins on antibiotics and nutrient removal using microalgae-bacteria consortia system.

Phytohormone gibberellins (GAs) were utilized to enhance the removal of tetracycline antibiotics and nutrients from swine wastewater by different algal-bacterial symbiosis. Compared to microalgae monoculture, microalgae-activated sludge, and microalgae-, microalgae-endophytic bacteria showed better growth, photosynthetic, and purification performance. At 50 mg L GAs addition concentration, the specific growth rate of -endophytic bacterial (S395-2) system was 0.

Decoding adenomyosis pathogenesis using an assembloid model.

Adenomyosis remains a challenging gynecological disorder to investigate due to the absence of in vitro models that accurately replicate endometrial tissue dynamics across the menstrual cycle. To address this gap, we established an endometrial assembloid model that faithfully mimics cycle-dependent endometrial responses and captures key cellular and molecular hallmarks of adenomyosis, including ectopic lesion- specific epithelial and stromal heterogeneity. Single-cell transcriptomics revealed that ectopic epithelial cells shift toward a luminal- dominant, glandular-deficient transcriptional profile during the secretory-like phase.

Hydrophilicity and Zincophilicity Coincorporated Zwitterionic Additives for High-Performance Zinc Metal Batteries.

Despite the potential of Zn metal batteries (ZMBs) due to their low cost, environmental benefits, and favorable Zn/Zn redox potential, challenges such as low Zn utilization and parasitic reactions hinder their performance. These issues arise from the thermodynamic instability of the Zn anode and high-desolvation energy barriers. To overcome these challenges, this study investigates two zwitterionic compounds with hydrophilic and zincophilic functional groups, BES (N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) and MES (2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid), selecting BES as the optimal electrolyte additive.

Selectively Modulating the Donor and Acceptor Aggregation Behaviors Through Solid Additive Isomerization Engineering for Organic Solar Cells Exceeding 20% Efficiency.

Regulating the film morphology is essential for achieving high-performance organic solar cells (OSCs). Given the distinct features of donor and acceptor materials, designing solid additives to selectively control the aggregation behaviors of them represents a key strategy for further development of OSCs. Herein, a series of bithiophene isomers solid additives (2,2-TT, 2,3-TT, and 3,3-TT) are designed for film morphology regulation.

An Interpretable Radiomics Model Integrating Ultrasound and Clinical Features for Multiclass Classification of Axillary Lymph Nodes.

Objective: Accurate identification of common lesions (benign, metastatic carcinoma, lymphoma) of axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) is of vital importance for clinical decision-making, directly affecting tumor staging, treatment strategy formulation and prognosis of patients. However, current diagnostic methods by radiologists have limited accuracy in differentiating between benign lesions, metastatic carcinoma, and lymphoma.This study aimed to develop and validate the Axillary Lymph Node Interpretable Prediction (ALNIP) model for classifying axillary lymph nodes into benign, metastatic carcinoma, or lymphoma based on ultrasound imaging.

MACML: Marrying attention and convolution-based meta-learning method for few-shot IoT intrusion detection.

The widespread deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has made them prime targets for cyberattacks. Existing intrusion detection systems (IDSs) heavily rely on large-scale labeled datasets, which limits their effectiveness in detecting novel attacks under few-shot scenarios. To address this challenge, we propose a meta-learning-based intrusion detection method called MACML (Marrying Attention and Convolution-based Meta-Learning).

Estrogen-mediated TRPV5 modulates proliferation and apoptosis of rat cochlear hair cells via the PI3K/Akt pathway.

Objective: Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 5 (TRPV5) is an essential Ca transporter mediated by estrogen in osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. However, the mechanism of how estrogen mediates TRPV5 expression in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) remains unclear.

Methods: In this study, the Ovariectomized (OVX) rats were established to explore whether TRPV5 was regulated by estrogen.

An integrative and efficient microbiosensor for β-amyloid based on a molecularly imprinted layer coordinating built-in hemin on the acupuncture needle.

Monitoring beta-amyloid (Aβ) is vital and challenging, which is a typical biomarker of Alzheimer's disease. Here, a novel electrochemical microbiosensor is developed to detect Aβ on an acupuncture needle. Hemin is well known for its characteristics, including its ability to self-assemble on single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT), the molecular interaction with Aβ, and the intrinsic electroactive signal.