Effectiveness of computer-assisted cognitive training on cognitive function and activities of daily living in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of computer-assisted cognitive training (CACT) on cognitive function and activities of daily living in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment. Additionally, it aimed to explore the changes in specific cognitive domains before and after treatment.

Design: The study was a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial.

Research advances in protein prenylation in cardiovascular diseases.

Protein prenylation is an evolutionarily conserved post-translational modification encompassing farnesylation and geranylgeranylation. This modification is fundamental to the precise regulation of protein localization, activity, and stability, thereby underpinning critical cellular functions. Aberrant prenylation is closely associated with cardiovascular diseases and influences a spectrum of pathological mechanisms in a complex manner.

Serum IgA, IgG, IgM levels, total protein (TP), albumin (ALB) changes in elderly hip fracture patients after surgery and nutritional support.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of nutritional support combined with stratified nursing under delirium risk assessment on immune function and postoperative delirium in elderly hip fracture patients.

Methods: A total of 112 elderly hip fracture patients were divided into two groups: the study group (SG), which received stratified nursing and enteral nutrition, and the control group (CG), which received routine nursing with a normal diet. Key parameters were evaluated and compared, including serum IgA, IgG, IgM levels, total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), postoperative delirium incidence, nutritional status, recovery time, and overall patient outcomes.

Myopic choroidal neovascularization with dilated choroid vessels is prone to progression into subretinal fibrosis following anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy: a retrospective study.

Background: This retrospective study aimed to identify risk factors for subretinal fibrosis (SF) and evaluate the response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy in patients with myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV), with a specific focus on the role of dilated choroidal vessels (DCVs) in disease progression.

Methods: In this retrospective study, patients with high myopia (spherical equivalent < -6.0 D, pathological myopia, Asian ethnicity) and active mCNV lesions, diagnosed between 2021 to 2023, were evaluated.

Cognitive Change Associated with Anesthesia and Surgery: An Introduction to POCD for Neuroscientists.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a central nervous system (CNS) complication seen in elderly patients, characterized by a decline in memory, comprehension, and attention in patients after surgery and general anesthesia. The pathophysiologic mechanisms of postoperative cognitive dysfunction are not well understood and effective means of prevention and treatment are currently lacking. Basic and clinical research, including the use of pre-clinical animal models of POCD, is advancing rapidly.

Effect of Perioperative Subanesthetic Dose of Esketamine on Postoperative Recovery Quality in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial.

Background: To evaluate the effect of perioperative subanesthetic dose of esketamine on the postoperative recovery quality in patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery.

Methods: A total of 144 patients undergoing elective surgery for gastrointestinal tumors were selected and randomly assigned to either the esketamine group or the control group, with 72 patients in each group. Based on the standardized general anesthesia protocols, the esketamine group received an intravenous injection of esketamine at a dose of 0.

Untargeted metabolomics revealed urinary metabolic pattern for discriminating prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia in Chinese participants.

Introduction: Precise screening and discriminating of prostatic hyperplasia (PH) could avoid unnecessary biopsy and overdiagnosis. However, the metabolic pattern of patients with prostatic hyperplasia in Chinese population is rarely reported.

Methods: Urine samples of Chinese participants with prostate cancer (PCa), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and non-prostate diseases (NPD) were detected with four ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric (UPLC-MS/MS) methods to profile the metabolic disturbance.

Psychological interventions for post-stroke anxiety and depression: Current approaches and future perspectives.

Psychological interventions have demonstrated efficacy in improving patients' emotional state, cognition, and thinking abilities, thereby enhancing their quality of life and survival. This review examines literature from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, Web of Science, and PubMed databases published over the past decade, focusing on the use of psychotherapy for post-stroke anxiety and depression. The prevalence of anxiety and depression is significantly higher among patients who have experienced a stroke than in the general population, possibly due to vestibular dysfunction following brain injury.

Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Venous Thrombosis in Hospitalized Patients in Eastern Liaoning: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a multifactorial disease that is associated with long-term morbidity, dysfunction, and mortality. Although numerous studies reported on the prevalence and risk factors of VTE in hospitalized patients, the results varied due to the complexity of the disease and differences in genetic characteristics, social environment, and disease spectrum. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence, clinical features, and risk factors for VTE in hospitalized patients in the eastern Liaoning.

Effect of perioperative probiotic intervention on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients: a randomized double- blinded and placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) may last for days, months or even years, leading to prolonged hospitalization and increased costs, increased mortality, and poor quality of life. Although POCD is an important clinical problem, its prevention, treatment strategies and effects are still limited. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the preventive effect of perioperative probiotic intervention on POCD in elderly patients, and further explore the mechanism of probiotics in improving postoperative cognitive function.

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over a Different Side of the Cortex for Rehabilitating Poststroke Dysphagia: A Randomized, Double-blind Clinical Trial.

Objective: This randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind study investigated the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on both bilateral and unilateral brain regions in patients with poststroke dysphagia.

Methods: Seventy poststroke dysphagia patients were randomly divided into four intervention groups: the ipsilesional stimulation group (ISG), the contralesional stimulation group (CSG), the bilateral stimulation group (BSG), and the sham stimulation group (SSG) with 3 Hz rTMS administered for 4 weeks, five days per week. Outcomes were assessed using a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) at three time points: at baseline before the intervention (T0), immediately after the intervention (T1), and four weeks after intervention cessation (T2).

Comparing orthodontic pre-treatment information provided by large language models.

This study collected and screened the 50 most common pre-treatment consultation questions from adult orthodontic patients through clinical practice. Responses to these questions were generated using three large language models: Ernie Bot, ChatGPT, and Gemini. The responses were evaluated across six dimensions: Professional Accuracy (PA), Accuracy of Content(AC), Clarity and Comprehensibility (CC), Personalization and Relevance (PR), Information Completeness (IC), and Empathy and Patient-Centeredness (EHC).

Surgical treatment of otogenic vertigo.

Objective: To provide a comprehensive review of surgical strategies for vestibular dysfunction-induced vertigo (VDIV), including indications, contraindications, and comparative efficacy analyses of mainstream procedures, and to critically evaluate contemporary controversies and emerging directions based on recent advancements.

Background: Vestibular dysfunction-induced vertigo (VDIV), a balance disorder caused by inner ear pathology, significantly impacts patients' quality of life and often requires surgical intervention when conservative treatments fail. While pharmacological management and vestibular rehabilitation alleviate symptoms in most cases, approximately 10-20% of patients progress to refractory VDIV due to failed conservative treatment, necessitating surgical intervention.

[Randomized, double-blind, parallel-controlled, multicenter, equivalence clinical trial of Jiuwei Xifeng Granules(Os Draconis replaced by Ostreae Concha) for treating tic disorder in children].

Jiuwei Xifeng Granules have become a Chinese patent medicine in the market. Because the formula contains Os Draconis, a top-level protected fossil of ancient organisms, the formula was to be improved by replacing Os Draconis with Ostreae Concha. To evaluate whether the improved formula has the same effectiveness and safety as the original formula, a randomized, double-blind, parallel-controlled, equivalence clinical trial was conducted.

Metallothionein 2A enhances the yes-associated protein 1 signaling pathway to promote small-cell lung cancer metastasis.

Objective: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains challenging to treat due to its high invasiveness and propensity for drug resistance. Evidence suggests that the regulatory relationship between metallothionein 2A (MT2A) and the yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) signaling pathway may influence the development of SCLC. Therefore, this study aims to explore the potential mechanisms affecting SCLC progression based on the regulatory interaction between YAP1 and MT2A.

LINC01123 aggravates cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury by targeting miR-654-5p to upregulate METTL7A.

LINC01123 is up-regulated in acute cerebral infarction, but its role in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) is not fully understood. In vivo and in vitro models of CIRI were established using middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) in rats and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in SH-SY5Y cells. Key parameters, including cerebral infarct volume, brain water content, neurological deficits, apoptosis, and oxidative stress, were assessed.

Effects and mechanisms of synchronous virtual reality action observation and electrical stimulation on upper extremity motor function and activities of daily living in patients with stroke: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Existing rehabilitation techniques are not satisfactory in improving motor function after stroke, resulting in heavy social burdens. With discovery of mirror neuron system (MNS), action observation (AO) has become a promising strategy to promote motor learning in rehabilitation. Based on MNS theory and virtual reality (VR) technology, we designed an innovative rehabilitative approach: synchronous 360° VR video AO (VRAO) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES).

Exploring the Effects of Action Observation Therapy on Swallowing Disorders in Stroke: A Functional Connectivity-Based fMRI Study.

This study aims to investigate the impact of action observation therapy (AOT) on swallowing disorders following a stroke. Utilizing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technology, the study will examine adjustments in brain activity and functional connectivity (FC), providing novel insights for the rehabilitation of swallowing function in stroke patients. In this study, 11 healthy controls (HCs) and 11 stroke patients were included.

[Medium- and long-term efficacy of percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy with stent implantation in patients with iliac vein stenosis and thrombosis].

Objectives: To investigate the medium- and long-term efficacy of percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy (PMT) combined with stent implantation for treatment of iliac vein stenosis with lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT).

Methods: Clinical and follow-up data of 125 patients with iliac vein stenosis and LEDVT who underwent PMT and stent implantation at five hospitals in northern Zhejiang province from January 2017 to June 2021 were collected. The thrombus clearance rate, thrombus recurrence rate, patency rate of iliac vein stents and post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) occurrence rate were documented, and safety indicators such as bleeding, death, pulmonary embolism, stent fracture and displacement were assessed.

Identifying Core Self-reported Adverse Events Associated With Chemotherapy Among Patients With Breast Cancer: A Network Analysis.

Background: Women in treatment for breast cancer and undergoing chemotherapy often experience multiple chemotherapy-related adverse events simultaneously, making it essential for healthcare providers to pinpoint the core adverse event that can be targeted for more precise interventions.

Objective: To identify the core chemotherapy-related adverse events using network analysis in Chinese patients with breast cancer.

Methods: Data were collected from September 1, 2022, to November 30, 2022.

Effects of Electrical Stimulation on Activation of Mirror Neuron Network in Healthy Adults during Motor Execution and Imitation: An fNIRS Study.

Background: Observation, execution, and imitation of target actions based on mirror neuron network (MNN) have become common physiotherapy strategies. Electrical stimulation (ES) is a common intervention to improve muscle strength and motor control in rehabilitation treatments. It is possible to enhance MNN's activation by combining motor execution (ME) and motor imitation (MI) with ES simultaneously.

Efficacy and safety of SHR8554 on postoperative pain in subjects with moderate to severe acute pain following orthopedic surgery: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, dose-explored, active-controlled, phase II/III clinical trial.

Biased µ-opioid receptor (MOR) agonists enhance pain relief by selectively activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling and minimizing β-arrestin-2 activation, resulting in fewer side effects. This multicenter Phase II/III trial evaluated the optimal dosage, efficacy, and safety of SHR8554, a biased MOR agonist, for postoperative pain management following orthopedic surgery. In Phase II, 121 patients were divided into four groups to receive varying patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) doses of SHR8554 or morphine.

Dysregulation of miR-21-5p in children with obesity and its predictive value for metabolic syndrome.

Background: microRNAs (miRNAs) could mediate the glucose and lipid metabolism progress in metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Objectives: To analyze the value of miRNA (miR)-21-5p for MetS diagnosis in children with obesity. Function of miR-21-5p has been explored by the prediction of target genes and functional and pathway enrichment analysis.