Understanding the toxicity induced by radiation-triggered neuroinflammation and the on-demand design of targeted peptide nanodrugs.

Radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI) represents a severe complication of cranial radiotherapy, substantially diminishing patients' quality of life. Unlike conventional brain injuries, RIBI evokes a unique chronic neuroinflammatory response that notably aggravates neurodegenerative processes. Despite significant progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms related to neuroinflammation, the specific and precise mechanisms that regulate neuroinflammation in RIBI and its associated toxicological effects remain largely unclear.

YOLO-FFRD: Dynamic Small-Scale Pedestrian Detection Algorithm Based on Feature Fusion and Rediffusion Structure.

To address the challenges of detecting dynamic small targets such as pedestrians in complex dynamic environments for mobile robots, this paper proposes a dynamic small-target detection algorithm based on feature fusion and rediffusion structure, which is suitable for deployment on mobile robot platforms. Mobile robots can utilize depth camera information to identify and avoid small targets like pedestrians and vehicles in complex environments. Traditional deep learning-based object detection algorithms perform poorly when applied to the field of mobile robotics, especially in detecting dynamic small targets.

Effect of Perioperative Subanesthetic Dose of Esketamine on Postoperative Recovery Quality in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial.

Background: To evaluate the effect of perioperative subanesthetic dose of esketamine on the postoperative recovery quality in patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery.

Methods: A total of 144 patients undergoing elective surgery for gastrointestinal tumors were selected and randomly assigned to either the esketamine group or the control group, with 72 patients in each group. Based on the standardized general anesthesia protocols, the esketamine group received an intravenous injection of esketamine at a dose of 0.

Genetically modified bacterial vesicles with interferon-γ and tumor antigen remodel anti-tumor cellular immunity by modulating dendritic cells.

The tumor vaccine is regarded as a promising immunotherapeutic approach for the treatment of malignant tumors by activating dendritic cell (DC) and eliciting T-cell responses. Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands are recognized as effective stimulators of DC maturation. Another critical factor in DC maturation is interferon-γ (IFN-γ), which amplifies the TLR signaling pathway and elevates the expression of inflammatory cytokines in DCs.

Defining CDK12 as a tumor suppressor and therapeutic target in mouse models of tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma.

Ovarian cancer is the sixth leading cause of cancer death among American women, with most fatalities attributable to tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). This malignancy usually develops resistance to conventional chemotherapy, underscoring the need for robust preclinical models to guide the development of novel therapies. Here, we introduce an HGSC mouse model generated via -driven Cre recombinase effecting CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of , and tumor suppressors in mouse oviductal epithelium ( model).

Characterization on the physicochemical and digestion properties of potato starch modified by the extract from Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) KURZ.

Background: Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) KURZ (R. nasutus), a tropical functional tea, has a wide range of hypoglycemic applications.

Tumor microenvironment remodeling with a telomere-targeting agent and its cooperative antitumor effects with a nanovaccine.

The nucleoside analogue 6-thio-2'-deoxyguanosine (6-thio-dG, also known as THIO) is a telomere-targeting agent with important clinical potency. It can selectively kill telomerase-positive tumor cells. We previously reported that THIO could successfully induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in multiple mouse tumor cell lines.

Current Status and Challenges in Pediatric Radiation Therapy in China: A Nationwide Survey.

Purpose: This study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the current state of pediatric radiation therapy (RT) in China, identifying key challenges in infrastructure, workforce, and access to advanced technologies while exploring opportunities for improving care delivery.

Methods And Materials: A 29-item online questionnaire was distributed to radiation oncologists and clinical teams across China, with 123 responses from 103 hospitals. The survey explored six domains: hospital characteristics, radiotherapy equipment and techniques, pediatric oncology staffing, patient admission and treatment status, treatment and follow-up, and social work support and charitable partnerships.

Predicting depressive symptoms in college students: A nomogram integrating recent and early life events with social support.

Objective: Depressive symptoms is a common psychological problem among college students, although it lacks a prognostic prediction model. This study aims to develop a nomogram for depressive symptoms in first-year college students.

Method: A longitudinal survey was conducted among 6672 first-year students from three colleges in Anhui province, China.

Negative Life Events and Negative Emotions among Chinese College Students: The Chain Mediating Roles of Social Phobia and Insomnia.

Negative life events have been associated with the development of negative emotions, few studies have examined the chain mediating effect between negative life events and negative emotions among college students. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between negative life events and negative emotions in college students, as well as the chain mediating roles of social phobia and insomnia. A total of 8050 college students in three colleges in Anhui Province were selected through stratified cluster sampling method.

Protocol for multiplex immunofluorescence imaging of mouse intestinal tumors.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in both tumor progression and therapeutic efficacy. Here, we present a protocol to perform transcription factor and surface marker staining for a comprehensive analysis of the TME of mouse intestinal tumors by combining multiplex immunofluorescence imaging with the "Swiss roll" technique. We describe steps for sample preparation, sectioning, staining, and mounting.

Steam explosion improved the physicochemical properties, hypoglycemic effects of polysaccharides from Clerodendranthus spicatus leaf via regulating IRS1/PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway in IR-HepG2 cells.

Clerodendranthus spicatus (C. spicatus) leaf is a kind of functional tea and traditional Chinese folk medicine and it is famous for hypoglycemic value. The effects of steam explosion (SE) pretreatment on structural characteristics, α-glucosidase inhibition activity and hypoglycemic effects of C.

DWTFormer: a frequency-spatial features fusion model for tomato leaf disease identification.

Remarkable inter-class similarity and intra-class variability of tomato leaf diseases seriously affect the accuracy of identification models. A novel tomato leaf disease identification model, DWTFormer, based on frequency-spatial feature fusion, was proposed to address this issue. Firstly, a Bneck-DSM module was designed to extract shallow features, laying the groundwork for deep feature extraction.

Negative life events and depression among Chinese university freshmen: a longitudinal moderated mediation model.

Objectives: Depression is a major mental health concern among university freshmen, with negative life events recognized as a risk factor. However, limited studies have explored the underlying mechanisms between them. This study aims to investigate the longitudinal relationship between negative life events and depression, and to examine both the potential mediating role of perceived social support and the moderating role of self-esteem in this process.

Double-crosslinked hydrogels and hydrogel beads formed by garlic protein hydrolysates for bioactive encapsulation and gastrointestinal delivery.

Background: Garlic protein is one of the main components of garlic. It has several beneficial characteristics. This study aimed to characterize a double crosslinked hydrogel formed with alginate, calcium ions (Ca), and garlic protein hydrolysates (GPH), and to develop hydrogel beads for targeted delivery of bioactive constituents to the gastrointestinal tract.

Dysregulation of R-loop homeostasis shapes the immunosuppressive microenvironment and induces malignant progression in melanoma.

Dysregulated R-loop homeostasis leads to DNA replication stress and genomic instability, a major driver of cancer. However, the role of R-loops in melanoma development remains unclear. We established an R-loop scoring model based on a single-cell RNA sequencing dataset and evaluated the association between the R-loop score with the melanoma immune microenvironment and treatment response.

The association between green space around schools, screen time for entertainment, and adolescent depressive symptoms: A nationwide study from China.

Background: Natural green environments are beneficial to people's mental health, while too much screen time may be harmful to adolescents' mental health. However, it is not clear how green spaces and screen time affect mental health together in adolescents.

Methods: A total of 22,868 adolescents were recruited from October to December 2021 in eight cities in China, through multistage cluster sampling.

[Effects of childhood abuse experience, recent life events and coping styles on depressive symptoms of medical students].

Objective: To analyze the influence of childhood abuse experience, recent life events and coping styles on depression symptoms of medical students based on the model of "vulnerability-stress-coping".

Methods: A longitudinal study design was adopted to select freshmen from Hefei City and Anqing City in Anhui province by cluster sampling. A total of 4211 questionnaires were collected at baseline from November to December 2019.

Elevated Risk of Adverse Prognosis in Patients with T2-3 Stage Breast Cancer Exhibiting Non-Pathological Complete Response Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Significance of Regenerating Islet-Derived Family Member 4.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to establish the role of regenerating islet-derived family member 4 (Reg IV) as an independent risk factor and prognostic predictor in patients with T2-3 stage breast cancer who exhibit a non-pathological complete response (non-pCR) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Additionally, we examined the potential correlation and interaction between Reg IV and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).

Methods: A total of 67 patients with T2-3 stage breast cancer exhibiting non-pCR after NACT between September 2019 and December 2021 were included in this study.

Efficacy of respiratory support therapies during pulmonary rehabilitation exercise training in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Exercise training is fundamental in pulmonary rehabilitation (PR), but patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often struggle with exercise intolerance. Respiratory support during exercise in COPD patients may be a beneficial adjunct therapy. In this study, the effect of different respiratory support therapy during pulmonary rehabilitation exercise training in COPD patients was assessed through a network meta-analysis.

Evaluation of genotoxicity and teratogenicity of phillyrin.

Phillyrin is extracted from Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, is significantly higher in (unripe Forsythiae Fructus) Qing qiao than in (ripe Forsythiae Fructus) Lao qiao fruits of the plant. However, the toxicity of phillyrin has not been adequately investigated.

NK model simulation study of intelligent manufacturing transformation path selection in pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises.

Under the wave of Industry 4.0, traditional pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises are in urgent need of intelligent manufacturing transformation and upgrading, and exploring the optimal realization path of intelligent manufacturing transformation can help accelerate the transformation process of pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises. This paper uses grounded theory research methods to conduct a multi-case study to summarize six influencing factors of the intelligent manufacturing transformation of Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises; and then analyzes the correlation between the intelligent manufacturing influencing factors based on the DEMATEL method and the NK model, and identifies the key influencing factors according to this, and then draws the fitness landscape map of the intelligent manufacturing transformation, and finally arrives at the optimal path selection of the intelligent manufacturing transformation of pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises.

Sustainable flood control strategies under extreme rainfall: Allocation of flood drainage rights in the middle and lower reaches of the yellow river based on a new decision-making framework.

Climate change has exacerbated the frequency and magnitude of extreme rainfall, which has led to the perpetuation of flooding as a hazard to humans and society. China has begun to consider introducing Flood drainage rights (FDR), a sustainable flood control measure, into non-engineering measures as a complement to engineering measures for flood control. FDR represent the right of regions to discharge regional floodwaters caused by extreme rainfall into the river, and are the primary means of controlling the amount of floodwaters from regions when regional flood capacity is exceeded.

Lymphatic-localized Treg-mregDC crosstalk limits antigen trafficking and restrains anti-tumor immunity.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) has a significant impact on tumor growth and immunotherapy efficacies. However, the precise cellular interactions and spatial organizations within the TME that drive these effects remain elusive. Using advanced multiplex imaging techniques, we have discovered that regulatory T cells (Tregs) accumulate around lymphatic vessels in the peripheral tumor stroma.