Ablation of sympathetic nerve-β3 adrenergic receptor-mediated adipose tissue lipolysis attenuates alcohol-induced liver injury in mice.

Background & Aims: Binge drinking causes fat accumulation in the liver and is a known risk factor for more severe forms of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). Although adipocyte-released free fatty acids (FFA) have been shown to contribute to alcohol-induced liver damage, the signaling pathways that trigger lipolytic activity in adipose tissues following acute alcohol overconsumption is largely unknown. Notably, activation of sympathetic nerve-β3 adrenergic receptor (Adrb3) plays a central role in sustained adipocyte lipolysis.

Comparative the efficacy of efgartigimod and intravenous immunoglobulin on AQP4-IgG-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder during acute attacks.

Aims: The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of efgartigimod and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) on AQP4-IgG-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) patients during acute attacks.

Methods: A retrospective case-control study was designed to compare the clinical outcomes of 13 NMOSD patients treated with efgartigimod (at a dose of 20 mg/kg in the first and fifth day) and 20 NMOSD patients treated with IVIG (at 0.4 g/kg/day for 5 days).

Predicting ICU Admission in Patients with Autoimmune Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy.

Introduction: Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (A-GFAP-A) is an increasingly recognized neurological disorder with significant clinical management challenges, particularly in predicting the need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission. This study aimed to develop and validate predictive models to identify A-GFAP-A patients at increased risk for ICU admission.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 107 patients (January 2021 - August 2024), randomly assigned to training and validation cohorts (7:3).

HLF transactivates to promote gallbladder cancer stem cells' self-renewal and determines tumor response to distinct therapies.

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common malignancy in the biliary system and lacks biomarkers for personalized therapy. Here, we reported that hepatic leukemia factor (HLF) was highly expressed in gallbladder cancer stem cells (CSCs) and patients with gemcitabine-resistant GBC. Mechanistic study revealed that interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) and transcription factor EB (TFEB) are direct target genes of HLF.

Pyridine--oxide-Catalyzed N-Acylative Kinetic Resolution of Sulfoximines.

An efficient asymmetric N-acylative kinetic resolution of sulfoximines using chiral 4-arylpyridine--oxide as the catalyst was reported. Using 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl chloride as the acyl transfer agent, both the recovered sulfoximines and the N-acylative sulfoximines exhibited good to excellent results, with factors of up to 320.

Yeast diversity in traditional fermented foods of ethnic minorities in China, with the descriptions of four new yeast species.

Fermented foods have been produced by humans since prehistoric times and are consumed worldwide today due to their enhanced nutritional value, taste and flavor, and benefits for human health. Various microorganisms are essential agents responsible for food fermentation and have been extensively studied using both culture-dependent and -independent methods. However, previous research has mainly focused on fermented foods produced on a large scale in urbanized areas.

Hypoxic preparation of solid wastes derived ceramsite for enhanced Cd(II) removal.

Solid waste derived ceramsites are a typical representative of the "treat waste by waste" concept, however, they have not been given enough attention due to high energy consumption, large carbon emissions and low efficiency. In this work, a hypoxic roasting method was used to prepare industrial solid derived ceramsite for the removal of heavy metal Cd(II) from aqueous solution. Compared with conventional ceramsite (CC), the novel hypoxic ceramsite (HC) exhibited higher specific surface area, more hydroxyl and aromatic functional groups, and more developed pore structure.

NKT cells-a generalist in disease treatment and a new key to unlock immunotherapy.

NKT cells (natural killer T cells) are a subpopulation of specialized T cells that recognize lipid antigens presented by CD1d molecules, which can be classified into type I NKT cells, type II NKT cells and NKT-like cells. NKT cells play a key role in linking innate and adaptive immunity. In recent years, NKT cells have been found to be involved in the development of various systemic diseases, including tumors, respiratory system diseases, autoimmune diseases, reproductive system diseases, gastrointestinal system diseases and liver diseases.

Downregulation of MicroRNA-93 inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis and hematopoiesis in myelodysplastic syndrome cells through PAG1-mediated epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway.

MicroRNA-93 (miR-93) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), though its precise role in the regulation of hematopoiesis and cell fate in MDS remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of miR-93 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and hematopoiesis in MDS, focusing on the PAG1-mediated EGFR signaling pathway. Bioinformatic analyses were used to identify the miR-93-PAG1-EGFR axis in MDS.

Evaluating clinical outcome in non-HIV associated cryptococcal meningitis with negative CSF culture using microscopic quantitative cryptococcal counting.

Background: Non-HIV associated cryptococcal meningitis (CM) patients with negative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture lack validated biomarkers for outcome assessment. Baseline CSF cryptococcal count via India ink staining correlate with disease progression, but the role of cryptococcal clearance rate remains unclear in this population.

Methods: We retrospectively collected data from 594 non-HIV associated CM patients from the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.

Characterization on the physicochemical and digestion properties of potato starch modified by the extract from Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) KURZ.

Background: Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) KURZ (R. nasutus), a tropical functional tea, has a wide range of hypoglycemic applications.

Molecule engineering of coumarin to reverse aggregation-caused quenching: Facile access to BioAIEgens.

Aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) have been extensively investigated and widely used in biomedical fields. However, AIEgens are mostly derived from petrochemicals, leading to challenges of renewability, sustainability, and biocompatibility. Therefore, it is of striking prospect to construct bioproduct-based AIEgens (BioAIEgens) based on the natural profits.

Time-window of offline long-term potentiation in anterior cingulate cortex during memory consolidation and recall.

Episodic memories are initially formed in the hippocampus and subsequently transferred to cortical regions for long-term storage. This process, known as memory consolidation, involves plastic changes in synaptic transmission such as long-term potentiation (LTP). However, at what time points and specific locations LTP acts at remains unclear.

Evaluation of Low-Coverage Sequencing Strategies for Whole-Genome Imputation in Pacific Abalone .

Low-coverage whole-genome sequencing (lcWGS) followed by imputation is emerging as a cost-effective method for generating a substantial number of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in aquatic species with highly heterozygous and complex genomes. This study represents the first systematic investigation into the application of low-coverage whole-genome sequencing (lcWGS) combined with imputation for genotyping in Pacific abalone () without a reference panel. We utilized 1059 Pacific abalone individuals sequenced at an average depth of 7.

Proteomic profiling of pseudorabies virus-infected PK-15 cells based on 4D label free analysis.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) heavily depends on host machinery to support its life cycle. Investigating the interaction between PRV and host could aid in the understandings of viral pathogenesis. In this study, we performed a 4D label free proteomic method to examine the differentially expressed proteins in porcine kidney PK-15 cells with PRV infection.

Multifunctional cytochrome P450 orchestrates radical cleavage and non-radical cyclization in 5-oxaindolizidine biosynthesis.

Penicilactam A (1), a fungal alkaloid featuring a rare 5-oxaindolizidine scaffold, has long eluded biosynthetic characterization despite recent advances in microbial genomics. Through retro-biosynthetic analysis of HDN11-186, we identified the gene cluster governing its production. This pathway ultilizes a hybrid polyketide synthase-nonribosomal peptide synthetase (PKS-NRPS) system to assemble the prolinol-containing precursor scalusamide A (2).

Environmental particulate matter-one of the culprits in the development of caries.

With the development of society, ecological and environmental problems have gradually become the focus of attention of countries around the world, among which environmental particulate matter poses a major harm to health. This article elucidates the association between environmental particulate matter and dental caries and provides new insights into the underlying mechanisms. In addition, this study emphasizes the role of oxidative stress in the occurrence and development of dental caries, and a new research pathway based on the interaction between oxidative stress and dental caries based on the Nrf2 pathway has become the focus of future research on the pathogenesis of dental caries.

Development of Standard and Rapid Antigen Detection Assays for Human Metapneumovirus.

Human metapneumovirus (hMPV), identified as a novel respiratory pathogen in 2001, is responsible for causing acute respiratory illness across various patient demographics. Early detection of hMPV is crucial for administering timely treatment, thereby controlling the virus's propagation. There is a pressing need for the development of a more convenient and expeditious detection strategy for hMPV.

Traditional uses and emerging therapeutic potential of angustifolia L.: insights into its phytochemistry, pharmacological activities and quality control.

L. is a perennial marsh botanical drugs belonging to the genus of the family Typhaceae, boasts a medicinal legacy spanning over 1900 years in China. Within traditional medicine, it is often used to treat a variety of bleeding disorders and gynecological diseases.

Acteoside-Loaded Self-Healing Hydrogel Enhances Skin Wound Healing through Modulation of Hair Follicle Stem Cells.

Background: Skin wound healing is a complex biological process involving cellular, molecular, and physiological events. Traditional treatments often fail to provide optimal outcomes, particularly for chronic wounds.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a self-healing hydrogel loaded with Acteoside, a bioactive compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, to enhance skin wound healing.

Genomic Evaluation of Harvest Weight Uniformity in Under a 3FAM Design Incorporating Indirect Genetic Effect.

Harvest weight uniformity is a critical economic trait in the production of Pacific white shrimp (). Social interactions among individuals can significantly influence both uniformity and productivity in aquaculture. To improve harvest weight uniformity through selective breeding, it is essential to accurately partition the genetic component of social effects, known as an indirect genetic effect (IGE), from purely environmental factors.

Impaired glymphatic function in autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy: a prospective analysis.

Background: To evaluate the glymphatic dysfunction and its association with disease severity in autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (A-GFAP-A) patients, and to determine its clinical predictors.

Methods: A total of 20 A-GFAP-A patients and 20 healthy controls (HC) were included. All participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging, and glymphatic function was assessed using the diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index.

The effects and mechanisms of electromagnetic fields on bone remodeling: From clinical to laboratory.

Unlabelled: Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) are physical fields generated by electrically charged objects, and play a vital role in the growth and development of living organisms. Bone is a highly dynamic structure that undergoes a constant remodeling process. From 1962 to 1977, Bassett discovered the piezoelectric effect in bone tissue and found that EMFs accelerated osteogenesis, promoted tibial fracture healing in dogs, and had positive effects in clinical trials.