Effects of an Oral Health Management Program During Pregnancy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of a Health Belief Model-based oral health management program on self-efficacy, oral health behaviors, and three periodontal clinical indicators among pregnant women.

Study Design: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 65 participants randomly allocated to the intervention (n = 39) and control (n = 26) groups. The intervention included one face-to-face education, three video calls, two online lectures, and regular follow-up supervision in 1 month, while the control group received one face-to-face education.

Deciphering disease-specific glycosylation: unraveling diabetes subtypes through serum glycopattern.

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a slowly progressing form of diabetes that develops in adulthood, characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells and subsequent insulin deficiency, akin to type 1 diabetes (T1D). Due to its shared genetic, immunological, and metabolic features with both T1D and type 2 diabetes (T2D), LADA is frequently misdiagnosed and inappropriately treated as T2D. To address this, we developed the A.

The professional experience of rural midwifery in China during the transition from traditional to modern birth practices (1950s-1970s): A qualitative study.

Background: Although home births have been largely discontinued in contemporary China, traditional birth attendants (TBAs) historically played a pivotal role in enhancing maternal and child health, particularly in rural areas.

Aim: This study explored the transformation of TBAs in China from the 1950s to the 1970s, focusing on their gradual shift from traditional to modern midwifery practices. By drawing on oral histories from TBAs, the research seeks to enrich the historical understanding of midwifery development in China.

Prevalence and risk factors of postpartum depressive symptoms in Central China: A longitudinal, real-world study.

Background: Postpartum depressive symptoms is a common and serious mental disorder. Most of the previous studies on the predictors of postpartum depressive symptoms adopted cross-sectional designs with relatively low levels of research evidence. Based on a prospective longitudinal study design, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of postpartum depressive symptoms and associated risk factors in central China.

Interpretable Semi-federated Learning for Multimodal Cardiac Imaging and Risk Stratification: A Privacy-Preserving Framework.

The growing heterogeneity of cardiac patient data from hospitals and wearables necessitates predictive models that are tailored, comprehensible, and safeguard privacy. This study introduces PerFed-Cardio, a lightweight and interpretable semi-federated learning (Semi-FL) system for real-time cardiovascular risk stratification utilizing multimodal data, including cardiac imaging, physiological signals, and electronic health records (EHR). In contrast to conventional federated learning, where all clients engage uniformly, our methodology employs a personalized Semi-FL approach that enables high-capacity nodes (e.

Deubiquitinase JOSD2 promotes acute pancreatitis by removing K63-linked poly-ubiqutin chain on PCNA in pancreatic acinar cells.

Background & Aims: Acute pancreatitis (AP) results in localized pancreatic injury or systemic inflammatory responses, contributing to high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Acinar cell death and inflammation are critical key drivers of AP progression. Some deubiquitinases (DUBs), which regulate the stability and/or activity of substrate proteins, may play a role in the development of AP.

[Exploration of ribosomal DNA copy number as an early biomarker for exposure to chemical carcinogens].

As the relationship between exposure to chemical carcinogens and human health risks becomes increasingly clear, identifying effective biomarkers to reveal early exposure and prevent the occurrence and development of tumors has become particularly critical. Ribosomal DNA (rDNA), a cluster of genes encoding ribosomal RNA, has emerged as a focal point in chemical carcinogen exposure research in recent years, due to its high copy number within cells and sensitivity to environmental stimuli. The dynamic changes in rDNA copy numbers, especially the significant alterations observed following exposure to environmental carcinogens, have rendered it a promising potential biomarker.

Neurodegenerative diseases and immune system: From pathogenic mechanism to therapy.

Neurodegenerative diseases are a class of disorders with the gradual loss of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. Neurodegenerative diseases manifest primarily as cognitive and behavioral disorders that adversely affect the lives of millions of people worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to elucidate the mechanism of neurodegenerative diseases further and find effective new therapies.

PIM1 protects pancreatic ductal cancer cells from glucose deprivation-induced oxidative stress via OXR1 phosphorylation.

Limited nutrient availability in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), due to its dense extracellular matrix, presents a significant metabolic challenge that tumor cells must overcome to survive oxidative stress-induced cell death. Here, we found that PIM1, a serine/threonine kinase, is upregulated in PDAC tumors and serves as a poor prognostic indicator. Although PIM1 does not significantly affect PDAC cell proliferation, it is essential for protecting cells from glucose deprivation-induced cell death.

Mesenchymal stem cell membrane functionalized vesicles for Baicalein targeted delivery in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and memory impairment. The lack of effective therapeutic strategies underscores the urgent need for disease-modifying therapies. Baicalein (Bai), a natural compound, exhibits multi-target properties and diverse pharmacological activities, positioning it as a promising candidate.

Research progress on the application of functional magnetic resonance imaging in cognitive dysfunction in patients with cerebral small vessel disease.

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) has recently garnered extensive attention owing to its significant disease burden, insidious onset, and the absence of effective specific treatments. Poor lifestyle habits and chronic diseases are closely linked to its occurrence and development, eventually resulting in cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, improvement of lifestyle, stable blood pressure, effective glucose lowering, low-salt and low-fat diet, smoking cessation, moderate exercise and adequate sleep are the keys to preventing cognitive dysfunction in cerebral small-vessel disease.

Echo-ODE: A dynamics modeling network with neural ODE for temporally consistent segmentation of video echocardiograms.

Introduction: Segmentation of echocardiograms plays a crucial role in clinical diagnosis. Beyond accuracy, a major challenge of video echocardiogram analysis is the temporal consistency of consecutive frames. Stable and consistent segmentation of cardiac structures is essential for a reliable fully automatic echocardiogram interpretation.

Protein lipoylation in cancer: metabolic reprogramming and therapeutic potential.

Protein lipoylation, a mitochondria-specific post-translational modification (PTM) evolutionarily conserved from bacteria to mammals, plays critical role in metabolic processes. In humans, four identified lipoylated proteins serve as essential components of key enzymes involved in glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and amino acid metabolism. The dynamic addition or removal of lipoylation modifications critically regulates the functional activity of these enzymes, with dysregulation strongly associated with cancers.

A highly fluorinated functionalized magnetic covalent organic framework for high-efficient extraction of aflatoxins from diverse food matrices.

Aflatoxins, carcinogenic mycotoxins, pose a global threat to food safety. Rapid, sensitivity and reliable quantitative detection of trace aflatoxins in diverse food matrices is critical for safeguarding public health but remains challenging. To address this, rational design of adsorbents with abundant specific binding sites offers a promising solution.

Acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau: a review and update on biological and small molecule targeted immunomodulatory therapies.

Acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau (ACH) is a rare aseptic pustular dermatosis for which clinical guidelines are lacking and treatment is largely based on case reports. Biologically targeted therapies offer new therapeutic ideas, with TNF antagonists such as adalimumab showing promising efficacy in both adults and children.The IL-17 and IL-23 axes play a key role in the pathogenesis of ACH, and anti-IL-17A and anti-IL-23 antibodies have shown therapeutic efficacy.

A closer look at severe acute kidney injury: risk factors and outcomes in PD-1/PD-L1 antibody treatment from a retrospective study.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved cancer survival but increase the risk of adverse events, including acute kidney injury (AKI). Severe AKI, though rare, can disrupt treatment and worsen outcomes. Yet, research on risk factors for severe AKI in patients on PD-1/PD-L1 therapies is limited.

Preoperative serum lipids as novel predictors for concomitant thyroid carcinoma in Graves' disease.

Background: The occurrence of thyroid carcinoma in patients with Graves' disease (GD) has been rising recently. However, the linkage between lipids and the incidence of thyroid carcinoma among GD patients is still not well-established.

Objective: The research aims to explore the relationship between serum lipid concentrations and the occurrence of thyroid cancer in patients diagnosed with GD.

Case Report: Membranous nephropathy associated with mantle cell lymphoma: a rare case.

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that can affect the kidneys. In this research, we described a very rare case of secondary membranous nephropathy (MN) associated with MCL. A 67-year-old man manifested with impaired renal function and nephrotic syndrome (NS).

Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of a novel chick chorioallantoic membrane model for cancer research.

Background: The chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) tumor model has garnered significant interest due to its robust applications in research. However, there is a lack of understanding regarding the characteristics of nodules at different developmental stages and their corresponding imaging features. This study aimed to establish correlations between nodule attributes and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features via an pancreatic cancer CAM model.

Computed tomography manifestations of drug-induced liver injury according to type and severity of injury.

Background: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has become a major cause of acute liver failure, and its incidence has been increasing steadily in recent years. This study aimed to compare the clinical and computed tomography (CT) imaging features of the variable biochemical damage and severity of DILI to establish a radiological model for predicting high-risk DILI based on CT image features.

Methods: The eligible patients with DILI (January 2016 to March 2024) who underwent serum laboratory examination and contrast abdominal CT within 3 months of onset were retrospectively analyzed at Affiliated Xihu Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College (Institution I) and The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Institution II).

Naringenin as a neurotherapeutic agent in Alzheimer's disease: epigenetic signatures, gut microbiota alterations, and molecular neuroprotection.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a major neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline, amyloid- (Aβ) aggregation, tau pathology, oxidative stress, and chronic neuroinflammation. In recent years, the dietary flavonoid naringenin, abundant in citrus fruits, has gained attention as a multi-target neuroprotective agent with potential application in AD therapy. Preclinical studies demonstrate that naringenin exhibits robust antioxidant activity, notably through activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway, which reduces ROS and preserves mitochondrial integrity.

Exploring the Causal Links Between 338 Cerebrospinal Fluid Metabolites and Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition characterized by motor impairments and intricate pathophysiological mechanisms. Although cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolites are viewed as potential biomarkers, the primarily observational design of the majority of existing studies limits the ability to draw causal conclusions.

Objective: The purpose of this research was to explore the causal link between CSF metabolites and PD by employing two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR).