Effects of an Oral Health Management Program During Pregnancy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Oral Dis

Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Published: September 2025


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Article Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effects of a Health Belief Model-based oral health management program on self-efficacy, oral health behaviors, and three periodontal clinical indicators among pregnant women.

Study Design: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 65 participants randomly allocated to the intervention (n = 39) and control (n = 26) groups. The intervention included one face-to-face education, three video calls, two online lectures, and regular follow-up supervision in 1 month, while the control group received one face-to-face education. Self-efficacy for oral self-care, three periodontal clinical indicators, and oral health behaviors were measured at baseline (T), post-intervention (T), and 2-month follow-up (T).

Results: The total and three domains' scores on the Self-efficacy Scale for Self-care in the intervention group increased appreciably (p < 0.001). Oral health behaviors among the intervention group exhibited more remarkable improvement than the control group did at the two post-baseline times (all p < 0.05). The intervention group showed significantly higher scores in gingival index (p = 0.021) and plaque index (p = 0.001) than the control group at T, while only plaque index scores were significantly different between the two groups at T (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The findings demonstrated an effective educational strategy to promote self-efficacy, oral health behaviors, and oral health status in pregnant women.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/odi.70076DOI Listing

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