Catalytic asymmetric kinetic resolution of 2-ethynylaziridines nucleophilic ring opening with amines.

The enantioselective kinetic resolution of racemic 2-ethynylaziridines ring opening with amines is realized under the catalysis of a chiral Cu(I)-bisphosphine combination. This protocol provides an expedient way to access synthetically valuable enantioenriched propargylic vicinal diamines (70%-95% yields, 14%-95% ee) and 2-ethynylaziridines (70%-95% recovery rates, 14%-95% ee) within 15-240 h under mild reaction conditions.

Individualized Frequency-Dependent Stimulation to the Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus May Improve Antiepileptic Effects in Patients With Focal Epilepsy.

Aim: A total of 30% of individuals with epilepsy are resistant to drug treatment. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) shows promise for treating drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), but further research is needed to optimize DBS parameters, including stimulation frequency. This study aimed to reveal the optimal frequency for ANT-DBS by testing the real-time effects of various stimulation frequencies on the ANT among patients undergoing stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) electrode implantation.

Repopulating Microglia Suppress Peripheral Immune Cell Infiltration to Promote Poststroke Recovery.

Aims: Sustained neuroinflammation following ischemic stroke impedes post-injury tissue repairment and neurological functional recovery. Developing innovative therapeutic strategies that simultaneously suppress detrimental inflammatory cascades and facilitate neurorestorative processes is critical for improving long-term rehabilitation outcomes.

Methods: We employed a microglia depletion-repopulation paradigm by administering PLX5622 for 7 days post-ischemia; followed by a 7-day withdrawal period to allow microglia repopulation.

A clinical practice review: management strategies and emerging approaches for anastomotic leakage following radical surgery for esophageal cancer.

Radical esophagectomy remains the cornerstone of curative treatment for esophageal cancer, but is frequently complicated by postoperative events, most notably anastomotic leakage. Anastomotic leakage, occurring in up to 30% of cases, is multifactorial in origin and significantly increases morbidity and mortality. This review aims to summarize current management strategies, highlight emerging therapies, and identify persistent clinical challenges related to this complication.

Visuomotor Training to Enhance Proprioception of Contralateral Wrist Based on the Cross-Transfer Effect.

Background: Neurological diseases such as stroke or Parkinson's disease are often accompanied by weakening or loss of proprioception, which seriously affects the motor control ability of the patients. However, proprioception rehabilitation is challenging due to the pain caused by impaired joints and the hard efforts that patients have to make during training. This study investigated the cross-transfer effect of short-term visuomotor training to the untrained wrist from the trained wrist, from both views of behavioral results and brain activity analyses.

DNA nanotechnology-enabled bioanalysis of extracellular vesicles.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as valuable sources for liquid biopsy in disease diagnostics, given their protein and nucleic acid cargoes (, miRNA, mRNA, glycoRNA) can serve as critical biomarkers. DNA nanotechnology, leveraging its inherent programmability, high specificity, and powerful signal amplification capability, offers a transformative approach for the bioanalysis of EVs. This review summarizes recent advances in DNA nanotechnology-based analytical methodologies for detecting EV-associated proteins and nucleic acids.

Cognitive Compensation Depends on Frontoparietal Network Structure-Function Coupling in Patients With White Matter Hyperintensity.

Background And Purpose: White matter hyperintensity (WMH) impairs cognitive function but is not evident in the early stage, raising the need to explore the underlying mechanism. We aimed to investigate the potential role of network structure-function coupling (SC-FC coupling) in cognitive performance of WMH patients.

Methods: A total of 617 participants with WMH (mean age = 61 [SD = 8]; 287 females [46.

Enhanced Curie temperature of ferromagnetic CrSBr by interfacial coupling with elemental two-dimensional ferroelectrics: triggering a new p-d super-exchange coupling path.

Owing to their distinctive thickness and physical attributes, two-dimensional (2D) materials have exhibited considerable promise in the field of microelectronic devices. Notably, 2D magnetic materials that maintain long-range magnetic order and can be readily modulated by external fields have garnered substantial attention. However, CrSBr, despite being a 2D van der Waals (vdW) semiconducting magnet with an appropriate band gap and stability in air, faces significant hindrance for practical utilization due to its Curie temperature () of 146 K.

Long-Lived Charge-Transfer State and Interfacial Lock in Double-Cable Conjugated Polymers Enable Efficient and Stable Organic Solar Cells.

The donor/acceptor (D/A) interfaces in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs) critically govern exciton dissociation and molecular diffusion, determining both efficiency and stability. Herein, we design a double-cable conjugated polymer, SC-1F, to insert into a physically-blended D/A system to optimize the interface. We have found that SC-1F spontaneously segregates to the interface through favorable miscibility and heterogeneous nucleation with the acceptor.

Brain Microstructural Alteration and Its Implications for Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Surgical Patients: A Narrative Review.

Purpose: Postoperative delirium (POD) remains poorly understood in terms of predictors and underlying mechanisms. This review summarized emerging evidence on the association between brain microstructural alterations and POD.

Method: This is a narrative review, describing the microstructural changes in aging brain, microstructural MRI findings, relationship among microstructural alterations, cognitive reserve and POD, and potential interventions targeting microstructure.

Ni-Mediated High-Spin Iron(III) for Boosting Electrocatalytic NO to Oxime Conversion.

Oximes serve as indispensable intermediates in synthetic chemistry, owing to their distinctive C═N─OH structure, conferring highly versatile reactivity. Synthesis of oxime via the electrochemical method has potential advantages, accompanied by the upgrading of industrialization. Herein, we propose a novel strategy by introducing nickel (Ni) mediation to obtain high-spin iron (Fe)(III) in phthalocyanine structure for synthesizing glyoxylate oxime via electrocatalytic nitric oxide (NO) coupling with keto acid.

Multiple Demographic, Lifestyle, and Biological Factors Associated With Brain Iron Deposition in the Basal Ganglia: A Comprehensive Analysis of 25,980 UK Biobank Participants.

Background: The susceptibility values of the basal ganglia reflect the health status of these nuclei. We aimed to explore the associations between various demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and biological factors that have the potential to contribute to magnetic susceptibility and investigate the comprehensive impact of these multiple factors on basal ganglia susceptibility values.

Methods: We included 25,980 participants from the UK Biobank.

The Contribution of Genetic Risk and Lifestyle Factors in the Progression of Diabetes to Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Aims: Diabetes is a global public health crisis, especially when it is accompanied by microvascular complications such as diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the combined lifestyle factors of diabetes patients and their joint effects with genetic risk and the risk of DKD.

Materials And Methods: We included individuals diagnosed with diabetes at baseline from UK Biobank.

TRPV1 Suppresses Microglial Inflammatory Activation to Ameliorate Schizophrenia-Associated Behaviors in Maternal Separation Rats.

Background And Hypothesis: Schizophrenia is linked to hippocampal dysfunction and microglial inflammatory activation. Our prior clinical findings revealed significantly reduced transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) expression in both first-episode and recurrent schizophrenia patients, with levels inversely correlating with symptom severity, implicating TRPV1 dysfunction in disease progression. Preclinical maternal separation (MS) models recapitulate schizophrenia-like behavioral and synaptic deficits, paralleled by hippocampal microglial TRPV1 downregulation.

One-Pot Sequential Coordination-Covalent Construction of Symmetry-Broken MNO Catalytic Sites in Cobalt-Polyimide Polymers for Nitrate Electroreduction.

The metal-nitrogen chelated species, MN, have shown promise as efficient electrocatalysts for nitrate reduction, yet the symmetric arrangement of N atoms results in suboptimal adsorption affinity toward reaction substrates and intermediates. The current approaches to breaking the symmetry of MN suffer from inaccuracy and inhomogeneity because of the lack of strategies stemming from molecular design aspects. Herein, we report the construction of symmetry-broken MNO sites in coordination polymers via sequential coordination-covalent control in a one-pot reaction.

Temperature-Driven Conformational Switching of Binaphthalene-Based Tetraimidazolium Macrocycles to Enhance Sequence-Selective Recognition of Dinucleotides in Water.

Developing artificial hosts with temperature-driven conformational switching behaviors facilitates our understanding of the temperature-dependent allostery and adaptation mechanisms in natural recognition systems. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of three pairs of water-soluble, enantiomeric binaphthalene-based tetraimidazolium macrocycles (SS/RR-1•4Cl- - SS/RR-3•4Cl-) as artificial hosts for exploring sequence-selective recognition of dinucleotides in aqueous media. Owing to the reversible rotational conformation of axially chiral binaphthyl units, SS-1•4Cl- demonstrates the conformational switching, converting from cis-conformation (SS-1) to trans-conformation (SS-1) by increasing temperature, thereby causing the recognition cavity to transition from a closed to an open state.

A Novel Nanozyme-based Coordination Compound for Synergistic Periprosthetic Joint Infection Treatment and Bone Repair.

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) represents a serious complication following joint arthroplasty, and it often results in implant failure, prolonged morbidity, and additional healthcare burdens. Current clinical strategies for PJI treatment face obstacles, including antibiotic resistance, high recurrence rate, and compromised bone repair. To address these challenges, a novel nanozyme-based coordination compound designated as W-GA-Van@Zn is developed.

Causal Effects of Immune Cell Populations on Cognitive Performance: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Recent research has started to uncover an important connection between immune system activity and cognitive abilities. Although correlative associations have been documented, the causal mechanisms connecting specific immune cell subpopulations to cognitive capabilities remain insufficiently characterized. Our research aimed to determine directional relationships between distinct immune cell subtypes and cognitive function, potentially identifying targets for immunomodulatory interventions.

Alternating ablative fractional laser and microneedling radiofrequency outperforms ablative fractional laser alone for acne scars.

Background: Moderate to severe acne scars pose a therapeutic challenge and often require multimodal treatments. Ablative fractional laser (AFL) and fractional microneedling radiofrequency (FMR) are commonly used, but their alternating application has not been fully studied.

Patients And Methods: In this prospective, randomized, single-blind, split-face trial, 20 patients (Fitzpatrick III-IV) received four treatments at 4-week intervals: one facial side underwent alternating FMR (sessions 1, 3) and AFL (sessions 2, 4), while the contralateral side received AFL alone.

A Transformable Nanoplatform Precisely Positions Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes via FAP-α for Improved Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by joint inflammation, damage, and disability. Activated fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs), abundant in RA synovium, crucially facilitate disease progression. These activated FLSs drive RA pathogenesis by upregulating adhesion molecules, proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II).

Clinicopathological Features of Non-HPV-associated Common Differentiated Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Study of 55 Patients.

To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of non-HPV-related common differentiated penile squamous cell carcinoma, and to observe and analyze the changes of TP53 gene and the expression and significance of TP53, P16, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), androgen receptor (AR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), and Ki67 proteins in tumor tissue. A total of 65 patients with penile squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed from May 2008 to May 2020 in Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and tumors were confirmed as non-HPV-associated common differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the penis with negative HPV molecular tests in 55 patients. The relevant clinicopathological data of 55 patients were collected, and the TP53 gene mutation was detected by applying first-generation sequencing technology.

A novel biguanide-derivative promotes NEDD4-mediated FGFR1 ubiquitination through BMI1 to overcome osimertinib resistance in NSCLC.

Objective: Osimertinib (OSI) therapy, a cornerstone in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), has been severely limited by rapidly developing acquired resistance. Inhibition of bypass activation using a combination strategy holds promise in overcoming this resistance. Biguanides, with excellent anti-tumor effects, have recently attracted much attention for this potential.

Recent Advances in Plant-Based Vaccines: From Molecular Farming Innovations to Global Health Applications.

Vaccines are pivotal in mitigating infectious diseases by reducing infection rates, severity, and mortality. Plant-derived vaccines-engineered to express antigens in plants, offer distinctive advantages, including cost-efficient production, enhanced biosafety profiles, superior thermal stability, and simplified logistics. Recent advances in plant biotechnology have enabled the large-scale production of plant-based vaccines, positioning them as a viable and transformative alternative to conventional vaccine platforms.

Quality of Multidisciplinary Team Management in Healthcare-Associated Infection Prevention and Control and Its Impact on Multidrug-Resistant Organism Infections.

This study aimed to evaluate the quality of multidisciplinary team (MDT) management in healthcare-associated infection (HAI) prevention and control, as well as its impact on multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infections. This was a retrospective, single-center study with a small sample size. A total of 400 patients admitted to the Departments of Critical Care Medicine or Orthopedics between January 2022 and December 2023 were divided into a control group (n = 200, receiving conventional HAI management) and an experimental group (n = 200, undergoing MDT management).