[Clinical manifestation analysis of the eruption failure of deciduous molars].

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the incidence, imaging characteristics, and clinical manifestations of the eruption failure of deciduous molars using panoramic radiographs to provide a foundation for diagnosis and treatment in this population.

Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed panoramic radiographs of children aged 4-8 years obtained from Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine between January 2021 and December 2023. A total of 31 331 subjects were included for the radiographic assessment of the tooth eruption failure of deciduous molars.

Integrating multiple machine learning approaches with Mendelian randomization to unveil the effects of BMI-mediated matrix metalloproteinase 3 levels on hearing.

This study aimed to investigate the genetic mechanism of the levels of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3)-induced hearing impairment and whether BMI mediates their causal relationship by using Mendelian randomization (MR) and machine learning. This research employed aggregated GWAS data from the IEU (Integrative Epidemiology Unit) database for MR and Bayesian Weighted Mendelian Randomization (BWMR) analysis, to uncover the causal association between MMP-3 levels and hearing, along with a potential mediating factor BMI. Inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR Egger, Weighted median, simple mode, and Weighted mode approaches were utilized, and multi-effect testing and heterogeneity testing were conducted.

The transcription factor ANAC053 confers aluminum tolerance via regulation of a cell wall modifying gene.

Cell wall modification alters plant resistance to aluminum (Al), although the mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we identified the No Apical Meristem (NAM), Arabidopsis Transcription Factor 1/2 (ATAF1/2) and Cup-shaped Cotyledon 2 (CUC2) (NAC) transcription factor (TF) ANAC053 as crucial for Al resistance in Arabidopsis. (Arabidopsis thaliana) Al caused a concurrent increase in ANAC053 transcript and protein accumulation, and anac053 mutants were sensitive to Al, whereas transgenic lines overexpressing ANAC053 exhibited reduced Al sensitivity.

Mendelian randomization analysis of 233 metabolites in chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps.

Recent studies have suggested potential associations between specific metabolites and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps (NP). However, robust causal evidence remains limited. This study applies Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate these relationships.

Regulating the pore structure of biomass-derived HC by zinc gluconate for high-performance sodium-ion battery.

Biomass-derived carbon materials, known for their low cost and high carbon yield, are considered as promising precursors for hard carbon (HC) anodes in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Designing the closed pores plays a critical role in improving the sodium storage capacity of HC anode. Herein, the pore structure of durian shell-derived HC is regulated by optimizing the concentration of pore-forming template nano-ZnO which is in-situ generated from zinc gluconate (ZG) during pretreatment.

Flexible wearable medical devices: from material innovations and data processing to intelligent healthcare applications.

Background: Flexible wearable medical devices drive healthcare transformation via non-invasive, real-time physiological monitoring and personalized management. Traditional rigid devices lack long-term comfort, while chronic disease care and telemedicine demand reliable, patient-centered solutions. Advances in materials (carbon nanomaterials, liquid metals, hydrogels) enable stretchable, biocompatible substrates adapting to bodily movements.

Genome-wide Genetic Mutations Accumulated in Pigs Genome-edited for Xenotransplantation and Their Filial Generation.

Although xenotransplantation has been revolutionized by the development of genome-edited pigs, it is still unknown whether these pigs and their offspring remain genomically stable. Here, we show that GGTA1-knockout (GTKO) pigs accumulated an average of 1205 genome-wide genetic mutations, and their filial 1 (F1) offspring contained an average of 18 de novo mutations compared with wild-type controls and their parents. The majority of mutations were in regions annotated as intergenic regions, without altering protein functions, and were not located at predicted off-target mutation sites.

Construction of a predictive model for concurrent infection in liver failure patients based on prognostic nutritional index and inflammatory cytokine analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI, a composite indicator of albumin and lymphocyte count reflecting nutritional and immune status) and inflammatory cytokines in predicting infections among liver failure patients, and to construct a predictive model based on these indicators.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 163 patients with liver failure admitted to our hospital between January 2020 and December 2023. Patients were categorized into an Infection group and a Non-infection group based on the presence of concurrent infections.

Antimicrobial peptide-conjugated graphene coatings for prevention and treatment of bacterial infections.

Graphene, a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice of carbon atoms, displays remarkable physicochemical properties. In contrast to classical chemical exfoliation, chemical vapour deposition (CVD) technology has enabled the production of graphene that is both continuous and transparent. CVD graphene coatings on biomedical devices, such as contact lenses (CLs), offer several advantages, such as shielding from electromagnetic wave interference and dehydration protection.

Construction of LncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in IgA nephropathy mice model by RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.

Background: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) represents the most prevalent form of primary glomerulonephritis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in the initiation and progression of various diseases, including kidney disorders. However, the involvement of lncRNAs in IgAN remains underexplored.

Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetics and Empirical Pharmacodynamic Modeling for Pediatric Henagliflozin Dosing: Clinical Insights for Chinese Patients.

This study aimed to present a quantitative modeling and simulation approach for oral henagliflozin, a selective sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor primarily metabolized by uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes. A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for henagliflozin was developed using in vitro metabolism and clinical pharmacokinetic (PK) data, with validation across multiple contexts, including healthy adults, and hepatic impairment populations. Additionally, empirical pharmacodynamic (PD) modeling was employed to optimize pediatric dosing based on exposure-response relationships for urinary glucose excretion (UGE).

Research on the improvement of daily living skills of children with autism in virtual campus environments.

This study investigated the effectiveness of daily living skills intervention training for children with autism in a virtual campus setting. First, six children with autism (age M = 10.50, SD = 2.

CXCL13 as a Prognostic Biomarker and Modulator of the Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer.

Objectives: Immunotherapy yields limited results in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of the immune landscape within the tumor microenvironment. Although the C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) recruits B cells and promotes tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) formation, its immune function and prognostic value in CRC remain unclear. This study investigated the impact of CXCL13 on patient outcomes and CRC immune landscape.

Near-infrared spectroscopy coupled with machine learning algorithms based on L1-norm and L21-norm to identify the geographical origins of Chinese wolfberry.

The nutritional value of Chinese wolfberry varies depending on different geographical origins, even at the regional level. Therefore, a non-destructive and effective method has important implications for identifying the geographical origins of Chinese wolfberry. To address the issue of traditional feature extraction methods being sensitive to outliers and lacking robustness in processing NIR spectral data, inspired by L21-norm based linear discriminant analysis (L21-LDA), this study proposed an L21-norm based robust linear discriminant analysis (L21-RLDA), which was compared with traditional LDA, L21-LDA and L1-NSLDA.

Multi-pulse laser generation based on programming diffraction loss of acousto-optic Q-switched RF excited waveguide CO lasers.

Acousto-optic Q-switched (AOQ-switched) lasers always suffer from having a laser pulse with a long tail and lower energy utilization. The ability of an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) to quickly program diffraction losses provides an effective method to solve these problems. In this paper, a six-temperature model is built to analyze the dynamical properties of the AOQ-switched laser with programmable control of the diffraction loss.

Cost-utility analysis of sotagliflozin for heart failure patients with diabetes in China.

Aims: Heart failure (HF) imposes a substantial economic burden, especially among populations with comorbidities in China. Sotagliflozin has shown clinical benefits in HF patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study evaluated the cost-utility of sotagliflozin in China and explored pricing strategies to support its potential market entry.

Efficient Regeneration of Waste Styrene Adsorption Carbon Catalyzed by Spinel NiCoO Active Sites and Cyclic VOC Adsorption and Desorption Performance.

During thermal regeneration of styrene-saturated activated carbon (AC), styrene's C=C bonds are prone to polycondensation. It forms fixed carbon species that deposit as carbonaceous residues within AC pores, significantly decreasing the adsorption performance. To address this challenge for efficient AC regeneration and recycling, Ni and Co transition metal components were loaded onto AC and subsequently pyrolyzed to generate NiCoO active species.

Shenling Tongqiao powder targets TGF-β1/Smad-Wnt/β-catenin axis to suppress epithelial-mesenchymal transition in chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), a prevalent upper respiratory inflammatory disorder, remains challenging in clinical management due to the high recurrence rates. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) pathogenesis theory posits that CRS primarily stems from deficiency syndromes involving pulmonary and splenic dysfunction. Shenling Tongqiao Powder (SLTQP), a formulated herbal preparation, has demonstrated clinical efficacy in enhancing pulmonary-splenic function and CRS symptom alleviation.

Jasmonic acid enhances aluminum tolerance of rice by regulating detoxification genes.

Aluminum (Al) stress in acidified soils represents a critical limitation for rice productivity and sustainable cropping. Jasmonic acid (JA) plays a crucial role in plant responses to Al stress, yet its underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the role and mechanisms of JA in mitigating Al toxicity in rice.

ASVBM: Structural variant benchmarking with local joint analysis for multiple callsets.

Accurate benchmarking of structural variant (SV) detection is essential for advancing the development and application of human whole-genome sequencing (WGS). A fundamental challenge in benchmarking SV detection results is determining whether two SVs represent the same event. Differences in the variation-awareness and strategic implementation of aligners inherently constrain SV detection algorithms that rely on alignment-based approaches.

A Pharmacometric Workflow for Resolving Model Instability in Model Use-Reuse Settings.

The development of fit-for-purpose pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PKPD) models based on clinical and pre-clinical data is a critically important process in model informed drug development. This process is often hampered by modeling stability issues that are often multifactorial in nature and difficult to overcome, leading to protracted model building and arbitrary simplification of the model. This tutorial provides a heuristic workflow to help identify and resolve issues relating to model instability.

Investigation of the Gene Polymorphism and Food Effects on the Avatrombopag Pharmacokinetics in Chinese Individuals: A Population Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Analysis.

Avatrombopag (AVA), a thrombopoietin receptor agonist used to treat thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic liver disease, exhibits significant pharmacokinetic (PK) variability, particularly under fasting conditions. This study investigates the combined influence of food intake and genetic polymorphisms in and on the PK and pharmacodynamics (PD) of AVA, with the goal of informing individualized dosing strategies. : A pharmacogenetic analysis was conducted in 92 healthy participants, who received 20 mg of AVA under both fasting and fed conditions.

Astaxanthin: A Compound in the Prevention of Chronic Diseases and as a Potential Adjuvant Treatment Agent.

Astaxanthin (AST) is a fat-soluble carotenoid antioxidant. AST exhibits multiple protective mechanisms, including its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-apoptotic, nervous system-protective, anti-tumor, and anti-fibrotic effects. These effects make it a promising compound for the prevention of chronic diseases.