Do monetary incentives encourage local communities to collect and upload mosquito sound data using smartphones? A case study in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Malaria is one of the deadliest vector borne diseases affecting sub-Saharan Africa. A suite of systems are being used to monitor and manage malaria risk and disease incidence, with an increasing focus on technological interventions that allow private citizens to remotely record and upload data. However, data collected by citizen scientists must be standardised and consistent if it is to be used for scientific analysis.

A Risk Score Model Based on Drug-Sensitivity-Related Genes Has the Potential to Predict Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Prognosis.

Objective: To develop a risk score model based on drug-sensitivity-related genes to predict the prognosis of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods And Materials: In this study, transcriptome from OSCC patients was downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases, and differential gene expression analysis was performed using R's 'limma' package. LASSO Cox regression identified key prognostic genes.

Topography-based implants for bone regeneration: Design, biological mechanism, and therapeutics.

With the increasing demand for bone defect repair, bone implant materials have emerged as a critical alternative to traditional autologous or allogeneic bone grafts. However, their clinical performance remains limited due to challenges such as prolonged healing times and suboptimal repair quality. Moreover, in patients with certain pathological conditions (e.

Efficient Regeneration of Waste Styrene Adsorption Carbon Catalyzed by Spinel NiCoO Active Sites and Cyclic VOC Adsorption and Desorption Performance.

During thermal regeneration of styrene-saturated activated carbon (AC), styrene's C=C bonds are prone to polycondensation. It forms fixed carbon species that deposit as carbonaceous residues within AC pores, significantly decreasing the adsorption performance. To address this challenge for efficient AC regeneration and recycling, Ni and Co transition metal components were loaded onto AC and subsequently pyrolyzed to generate NiCoO active species.

An optical model for evaluating the influence of microstructures on zirconia translucency.

Objectives: Pores and tetragonal phase crystallites are the two main scatterers in yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) ceramics. Previous optical models have often overestimated the proportion of the tetragonal phase and lacked accurate characterization of pore distribution. The aim of this study was therefore to construct a transmission-scattering model for zirconia, to separately calculate and analyze the contributions of pores and tetragonal phase crystallites to translucency.

Arsenic bioavailability and transformation from As(V)-sorbed aluminum oxides: The influence of Fe(III) and human gut microbiota.

Minerals control on the oral bioavailability of arsenic (As) in soil has been evidenced in human health risk assessments. However, little is known about the metabolism of soil mineral-associated As by human gut microbiota. This study evaluated the relative bioavailability (RBA) and bioaccessibility of As in As(V)-sorbed Aluminum (Al) oxides (α-AlO and γ-AlO), affected by gut microbiota and Fe(III).

Efficacy and safety of pelvic floor magnetic stimulation combined with mirabegron in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia and overactive bladder in a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety profile of pelvic floor magnetic stimulation (PFMS) in combination with mirabegron in male patients diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and overactive bladder (OAB).

Patients And Methods: Eighty-six patients were prospectively randomized into two cohorts. The control group received oral mirabegron (50 mg daily), whereas the experimental group underwent combined PFMS and mirabegron therapy.

Characteristics of acute occlusion of the intracranial vertebral artery and endovascular treatment.

To investigate the characteristics of acute occlusion of the intracranial vertebral artery (IVA) and endovascular treatment. Patients with acute IVA occlusion treated with endovascular thrombectomy were prospectively enrolled, and the clinical, treatment and 90-d data were analyzed. Forty-two patients were enrolled, with an age range 34-82 (57 ± 12) years, including 38 (90.

Association between cumulative uric acid exposure and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.

Objective: To explore the impact of cumulative uric acid (cum UA) exposure on the incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).

Methods: This prospective cohort study analyzed 21,333 active and retired employees who completed three consecutive health examinations (2006, 2008, 2010), with a mean follow-up time of 6.24 years (SD = 2.

Bioelectrical impedance analysis for sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for detecting sarcopenia across diverse populations.

Methods: We conducted a search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science up to 2 January 2024. Cross-sectional, retrospective, and prospective cohort studies evaluating BIA's diagnostic performance for detecting sarcopenia across diverse populations were included.

Non-linear early rapid hippocampal atrophy and associated microstructural injury in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy: Implications for hippocampal protection.

Background: Radiation-induced hippocampal atrophy is a key contributor to neurological dysfunction in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPCs) after radiotherapy (RT); however, its dynamic pattern and underlying microstructural injury characteristics are unclear.

Methods: In this prospective study, we longitudinally analyzed 193 NPCs (158 in the discovery cohort and 35 in the validation cohort) and 20 healthy controls. Based on structural and multi-shell diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, repeated-measures analysis of covariance, generalized additive mixed model, and partial correlation analysis were used to study the longitudinal evolution of hippocampal volume, microstructural metrics, and their relationships.

BIN1 Interacts with Tau Fragments to Inhibit TrkB Signaling Endosome Recycling in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Deficits in BDNF/TrkB receptor signaling lead to increased asparagine endopeptidase activity, which cleaves Tau at the N368 residue to promote Tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation, thereby contributing to neuronal dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, whether Tau N368 inhibits the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway remains poorly understood. Previous studies have shown that the internalization of the BDNF/TrkB complex, which leads to signaling endosomes, is necessary for coordinating neuronal survival and synaptic plasticity.

Repurposing pharmaceuticals for Alzheimer's treatment via adjusting the lactoferrin interacting proteins.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disease in humans, has been a major medical challenge. Lactoferrin (Ltf) in salivary glands might be identified as a potential detectable biomarker in AD and a therapeutic target for AD. Pharmaceutical studies directly addressing this biomarker, though, are scarce.

AI-Driven Dental Caries Management Strategies: From Clinical Practice to Professional Education and Public Self Care.

Dental caries is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases among both children and adults, despite being largely preventable. This condition has significant negative impacts on human health and imposes a substantial economic burden. In recent years, scientists and dentists have increasingly started to utilize artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning, to improve the efficiency of dental caries management.

The Achieved Central Corneal Stromal Thickness Reduction Less Than the Planned in SMILE: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the differences between the planned and achieved central corneal thickness (CT) reduction after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

Methods: This retrospective study included 426 eyes (426 patients) treated with SMILE. The central CT and corneal epithelial thickness (CET) were measured using the RTVue XR 100 optical coherence tomography device preoperatively and more than 6 months postoperatively.

Multi-anchor adaptive fusion and bi-focus attention for enhanced gait-based emotion recognition.

Gait-based emotion recognition has emerged as a promising field with applications in public safety, healthcare, and human-computer interaction. However, existing methods often suffer from excessive globalization, feature redundancy, and lack of dynamic time dependence. To address these issues, we propose a novel temporal graph convolutional network (MDT-GCN) that integrates multi-anchor (MAAF) and bi-focus attention (BFA) mechanisms.

Paradoxical maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) arising from loss-of-function mutations in ATP-sensitive potassium channels.

Pancreatic β-cell KATP channel closure underlies electrical excitability and insulin release, but loss or inhibition of KATP channels can lead to paradoxical crossover from hyperinsulinism plus hypoglycemia, to glucose-intolerance or diabetes. We report genotype-phenotype information on a set of patients clinically diagnosed with maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY), and carrying coding variants in the KATP regulatory subunit gene ABCC8. In contrast to the naïve prediction that diabetes should be associated with KATP gain-of-function (GOF, as in KATP-dependent neonatal diabetes) each mutation caused mild to severe loss-of-function (LOF), through distinct molecular mechanisms, suggesting the affected individuals may have crossed over to glucose intolerance from KATP channel LOF-dependent congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI).

NIR-I Light-Activated Antibiotic Delivery & PDT via TiO/Graphene Metastructure for Enhanced Antibacterial Activity and Osseointegration of Ti Implants.

Antibiotic therapy is a key strategy for treating infections associated with orthopedic implants, yet its limited effectiveness and potential to disrupt bone healing highlight the need for innovative approaches. Herein, a TiO-Graphene (TiO-G) metastructure is developed on Ti implant surface using a hydrothermal method coupled with plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), showing strong near-infrared light (NIR) absorption. The antibiotic doxycycline (DOX) is successfully loaded onto TiO-G and exhibited enhanced NIR release.

Predictability of central corneal stromal thickness reduction in InnovEyes ablation profile: A retrospective study.

Objective: To evaluate the predictability of the central corneal stromal thickness (CST) reduction in InnovEyes ablation profile.

Methods: The retrospective study included 118 eyes (61 patients) who underwent surgeries based on InnovEyes profile and 117 eyes (67 patients) based on the Custom-Q. The central CST, the central corneal thickness (CT) and the central corneal epithelial thickness (CET) were measured using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) preoperatively and postoperatively over 3 months.

Adrenal cortical carcinoma with non‑islet cell tumor hypoglycemia: A case report.

Adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare invasive cancer with a poor prognosis. ACC often manifests with hyperglycemia and Cushing syndrome. Hypoglycemia is an unusual manifestation of this malignant tumor; therefore, the diagnosis and management of patients with ACC and hypoglycemia is extremely challenging.

Impact and elastic modulus of coal mining on terrestrial ecosystems.

The energy consumption structure is gradually evolving into a "diversified energy structure" against the backdrop of the global implementation of energy-saving and low-carbon policies. Coal, as the main energy source in China, is difficult to change in the short term, given the characteristics of China's energy and resource endowments, as well as the actual social and economic development at the present stage. Nevertheless, coal mining inevitably leads to a range of ecological issues.

Feature refinement and rethinking attention for remote sensing image captioning.

Effectively recognizing different regions of interest with attention mechanisms plays an important role in remote sensing image captioning task. However, these attention-driven models implicitly hypothesize that the focused region information is correct, which is too restrictive. Furthermore, the visual feature extractors will fail when facing weak correlation between objects.

Discriminating bacterial types in oral and maxillofacial space infections (OMSIs) via smelling diagnosis.

Objectives: To explore the feasibility of using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in the diagnosis of bacterial types of oral and maxillofacial space infections (OMSIs).

Methods: Staphylococcus aureus was cultured to produce a full spectrum of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These VOCs were collected and identified using VOC collectors and GC-MS.

Single iron catalyst with bi-atomic matching site to construct electrochemical chip for on-site inspection of antibiotic chloramphenicol.

Chloramphenicol (CAP) as an amide-alcohol antibiotic is extensively used in aquaculture industries and can accumulate in the human body through the food chain and water sources, leading to various diseases. On-site inspection of CAP remains a challenge due to the lack of portable and sensitive sensing platforms. Herein, a bi-atomic matching catalyst that comprises atomic Fe uniformly distributed on an N-doped graphene matrix (A-Fe-NG) is synthesized.

Synergistic effects of climate change and nitrogen use on future nitric oxide emissions from China's croplands.

Accurate quantification of soil nitric oxide (NO) emissions can establish a scientific foundation for developing targeted strategies to mitigate emissions, thereby reducing their environmental impact. Using a database with 476 field measurements across China, a NO emission model was constructed by employing four machine learning algorithms including Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Our validation with independent observational data revealed that the XGBoost model performed the best, achieving a R of 0.