A copper-based single-atom material effectively controls plant diseases with nearly zero soil residue and low phytotoxicity.

A growing population necessitates the development of sustainable agriculture, which requires achieving atom economy in pesticide delivery, fertilization, and so on. To this end, we focus on single-atom materials (SAMs) to enhance atom utilization within agricultural systems. In this study, we report a novel pesticide for plants, a single-atom copper (Cu) formulation, by employing a precipitation-equilibrium-driven (K-driven) method to anchor Cu onto a calcium carbonate (CaCO) carrier.

Light-addressable potentiometric sensors modified with mesoporous silica nanoparticles for label-free detection of adenosine.

Adenosine (AD) is integral to numerous physiological processes, thereby necessitating its sensitive and selective detection for clinical diagnostic applications. This study introduces an innovative aptasensor utilizing a light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) for the accurate detection of AD. The LAPS platform capitalizes on its light-addressable properties and stable potentiometric performance to monitor potential variations resulting from the specific interaction between AD and its corresponding aptamer (AD-Apt).

Disparities in chronic kidney disease burden estimates: From different sources, definitions, and equations.

Introduction: The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study provides updated epidemiological descriptions of chronic kidney disease (CKD), yet the discrepancies between its estimates and those from other sources remain unclear. Furthermore, attention is required due to the specificity of standard and computational tool for glomerular filtration rate (GFR). We aimed to evaluate CKD burden from various sources, definitions, and equations.

Epidemiology of tuberculosis and HIV coinfection among inpatients in chengdu, china, 2018-2022.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are infectious diseases that pose serious threats to human health. TB and HIV can interact to promote the progression of diseases. This study aims to provide basic evidence for the formulation of disease prevention and control strategies.

Potential ecological risk and accumulation of heavy metal(loid)s in soils of Macao in China as a non-industrial and tourist City.

With rapid industrialization, the accumulation and contamination of heavy metal(loid)s in soil often has occurred. However, the accumulation of heavy metal(loid)s in soil in non-industrial and tourist cities with high population densities is not well known. Therefore, the Macao Special Administrative Region (Macao SAR) was taken as an example to investigate the spatial and temporal changes in the characteristics of soil heavy metal(loid)s in non-industrial and tourist cities.

Independent and joint impacts of high body mass index and aging on global burden of chronic kidney disease: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Introduction: We aimed to evaluate the levels and trends of CKD burden associated with high body mass index (BMI) from 1990 to 2021 and to investigate the role of aging.

Methods: From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, we retrieved data and estimated CKD-related deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) attributable to high BMI by age, sex, socio-demographic index (SDI), and geographical regions. We calculated the estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) from 1990 to 2021 and projected attributable CKD burden through 2050.

A luminescent attenuated SARS-CoV-2 for the identification and validation of drug-resistant mutants.

Unlabelled: The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants has necessitated a continuous updating of vaccines. In contrast, antivirals remained effective as they target conserved viral proteins that are essential for the viral life cycle. However, several mutations in SARS-CoV-2 that may affect the efficacy of United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved antivirals have been recently identified.

Ultrasound targeted microbubbles for theranostic applications in liver diseases: from molecular imaging to targeted therapy.

Liver diseases, particularly chronic conditions leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, represent a major global health burden with high mortality rates, necessitating innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) technology has emerged as a promising theranostic platform, combining enhanced contrast imaging with targeted drug/gene delivery capabilities. When activated by ultrasound, these microbubbles exhibit unique biophysical behaviors that significantly improve drug penetration, tissue perfusion, and site-specific delivery.

A Risk Score Model Based on Drug-Sensitivity-Related Genes Has the Potential to Predict Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Prognosis.

Objective: To develop a risk score model based on drug-sensitivity-related genes to predict the prognosis of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods And Materials: In this study, transcriptome from OSCC patients was downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases, and differential gene expression analysis was performed using R's 'limma' package. LASSO Cox regression identified key prognostic genes.

Yttrium nitrate activates the oxidative stress-mediated NF-κB pathway to induce testicular inflammatory response and reduce sperm quality in mice.

The rising environmental levels of yttrium have sparked concerns regarding its possible health hazards. Nevertheless, limited toxicological data are available to determine yttrium's toxicity and potential mechanisms on sperm. In our research, the action of oxidative stress and the NF-κB pathway on decreased sperm quality and testicular inflammatory reaction induced by yttrium exposure was analyzed.

Structure and function of a cross-neutralizing influenza neuraminidase antibody that accommodates recent N2 NA Asn245 glycosylation.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that recognize and inhibit a diverse range of influenza viruses, although relatively rare, have been isolated following infection or vaccination. Study of their ontology and mechanisms of action informs universal vaccine and therapeutic development. We have previously described a potent and broad neuraminidase (NA)-neutralizing human mAb, 1122A11, that neutralizes a wide range of H3N2 viruses.

Bipyridine-Thiosumanene Isomeric Lewis Bases for Synergistic Defect Passivation and Hole Extraction Enables Over 26% Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells.

Interface defects between the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer (HTL) seriously limit the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we designed two isomers, 4BT and 5BT, based on 2,2'-bipyridine-thiosumanene-functionalized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as novel Lewis bases with dual capabilities for deep-level defects (Pb, V) passivation and promoting hole extraction. By shifting the pyridine bridging unit from the tetra to the penta positions, these molecules undergo a configurational transformation from an orthogonal (4BT) to a planar structure (5BT).

Stabilizing the excited states of organic phosphorescent photosensitizers via self-assembly for CO photoreduction.

The development of pure organic photosensitizers remains challenging due to the low intersystem crossing efficiency and the instability of triplet excitons. Herein, fused-ring phosphorescent molecules enhance visible-light absorption, with heteroatom-rich structures breaking the restriction of low triplet excitons. A derivative, 2,3,5,6,9,10-hexabutoxy-8-phenyldithieno-tribenzo-pyridine (TPy), exhibits high ISC efficiency and efficiently sensitizes Fe-catalysts for CO photoreduction to CO.

Changes in Ocular Biometry After Pharmacologic Cycloplegia and Mydriasis in Primary Angle Closure Disease.

Introduction: The mechanism of primary angle closure disease (PACD) has been extensively investigated, while some cases remain unexplained. Hypothesizing that chronic primary ciliary block (CB) may play a role in PACD pathogenesis and the contribution could be revealed by pharmacologic cycloplegia and mydriasis, this study analyzed changes in anterior segment biometric parameters following cycloplegic intervention.

Methods: A total of 170 eyes of 170 Chinese subjects aged between 50 and 80 years were included: 90 in the primary angle closure suspect (PACS) group, 33 in the primary angle closure (PAC)/PAC glaucoma (PACG) group, and 47 in the normal control group.

miR-769-5p has diagnostic value in acute kidney injury in intensive care unit patients and mediates disease development by targeting SIRT6.

Background: This investigation was designed to assess the diagnostic value of miR-769-5p in acute renal injury (AKI) among intensive care unit (ICU) patients and explore its mechanism by targeting silent information regulator 6 (SIRT6).

Methods: 80 sepsis patients without AKI and 82 with sepsis-induced AKI (S-AKI) were enrolled. HK-2 cells were induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to construct an in vitro cell model.

Targeting Decidual Macrophage Polarization through JNK Signaling Pathway Inhibition Alleviates Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Early Spontaneous Abortion.

Early spontaneous abortion (ESA) is associated with abnormal decidual macrophage polarization at the maternal-fetal interface. While JNK signaling is recognized in implantation and immunomodulation, its contribution to decidual macrophage polarization in the ESA is poorly understood. The decidual tissues of ESA patients were collected to detect the polarization status and the expression of JNK1/2 and p-JNK in decidual macrophages (DMs) through flow cytometry assessment.

Valence state engineering in multi-heteroatom-doped PAHs: a strategy for tunable photophysical properties and phototheranostic potentials.

Precise modulation of the electronic structures in heteroatom-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (hetero-PAHs) is essential for advancing organic optoelectronic materials. Herein, we report a facile synthetic strategy for hetero-PAHs co-doped with N, O, and S/Se, achieved acid-catalyzed Pictet-Spengler reactions and thermally induced -substitution. Systematic π-extension results in a large redshift in optical absorption/emission and enhances fluorescence quantum yield ( ) from 4.

A luminescent attenuated SARS-CoV-2 for the identification and validation of drug-resistant mutants.

Unlabelled: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has necessitated continuous updating of vaccines. In contrast, antivirals remained effective as they target conserved viral proteins that are essential for the viral life cycle. However, several mutations in SARS-CoV-2 that may affect the efficacy of United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved antivirals have been recently identified.

Amplified narrowband perovskite photodetectors enabled by independent multiplication layers for anti-interference light detection.

Metal-halide perovskite narrowband photodetectors offer a low-cost opportunity to detect specific signals covering a broad spectrum directly. However, the thickness of charge collection narrowing mechanism photodetectors increases recombination, resulting in performance bottlenecks. Here, we demonstrate amplified narrowband photodetectors that combine perovskite single-crystal absorbers and organic multiplication layers.

Guarding Graph Neural Networks for Unsupervised Graph Anomaly Detection.

Unsupervised graph anomaly detection aims at identifying rare patterns that deviate from the majority in a graph without the aid of labels, which is important for a variety of real-world applications. Recent advances have utilized graph neural networks (GNNs) to learn effective node representations by aggregating information from neighborhoods. This is motivated by the hypothesis that nodes in the graph tend to exhibit consistent behaviors with their neighborhoods.

A Coordinated Translational Control Mediated by eEF2 Phosphorylation Safeguards Erythroid Differentiation.

Translational control is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis, yet the distinct features and regulatory requirements governing protein synthesis during erythropoiesis remain unclear. Here, we reveal that erythroid cells exhibit an extraordinarily high demand for protein synthesis, which is required for their differentiation but also implies the need for tight regulation to prevent excessive erythropoiesis. Notably, we identify significant phosphorylation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) at threonine 56 during erythroid differentiation, which reduces protein synthesis and acts as a molecular brake to limit unchecked erythropoiesis.

Neurodegeneration of local sympathetic inputs promotes colorectal cancer progression.

The nervous system can profoundly influence cancer prognosis, and this frontier of cancer neuroscience has increasingly garnered research attention. However, the involvement of neural signals in colorectal cancer remains incompletely understood. In this study, we exploit advanced three-dimensional imaging and conventional immunohistochemistry to observe a transitional loss of local sympathetic inputs from colorectal adenomas to adenocarcinomas in human patients.

Heterogeneity of high-potency multilineage hematopoietic stem cells and identification of "Super" transplantability.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are heterogeneous, and the quality of HSCs-that is, transplantability-is a key determinant for posttransplant hematopoietic reconstitution. However, molecular modalities of high-potency HSCs with superior transplantability still remain poorly understood. Here, we conducted large-scale single-clone serial-transplant experiments and tracked descendant cells of 288 HSC clones to quantify their intrinsic capability for hematopoietic reconstitution.

Ascorbic Acid and Esketamine for Mental Disorders in Women with Miscarriage: A Randomized Controlled Double-Blind Trial Protocol.

Purpose: Pregnancy leads to vulnerabilities and susceptibilities to mental disorders. Miscarriage, as an adverse pregnancy outcome, and following curettage for treatment, add the risks of further psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety, insomnia, etc., and current approaches to prevention are unsatisfactory.