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Interface defects between the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer (HTL) seriously limit the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we designed two isomers, 4BT and 5BT, based on 2,2'-bipyridine-thiosumanene-functionalized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as novel Lewis bases with dual capabilities for deep-level defects (Pb, V) passivation and promoting hole extraction. By shifting the pyridine bridging unit from the tetra to the penta positions, these molecules undergo a configurational transformation from an orthogonal (4BT) to a planar structure (5BT). The configuration-functionality relationship was comprehensively investigated through theoretical and experimental analyses. The planar configuration of 5BT enables more Lewis base sites to interact with perovskite, exhibiting more pronounced deep-level defect passivation effect, while improving hole extraction capability. Consequently, the 5BT-modified n-i-p PSCs achieved a champion PCE of 26.15% (certified at 26.12%) and superior operational stability by retaining 94.0% of the initial PCE according to ISOS-L-2 protocol. This work offers a unique molecular designing mechanism to address the interfacial-related issues for high-performance PSCs.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.202510255 | DOI Listing |
Adv Mater
September 2025
School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
Bifunctional integration of indoor organic photovoltaics (OPVs) and photodetectors (OPDs) faces fundamental challenges because of incompatible interfacial thermodynamics: indoor OPVs require unimpeded charge extraction under low-light conditions (200-1000 lx), whereas OPDs require stringent suppression of noise current. Conventional hole transport layers (HTLs) fail to satisfy these opposing charge-dynamic requirements concurrently with commercial practicality (large-area uniformity, photostability, and cost-effective manufacturability). This study introduces benzene-phosphonic acid (BPA)-a minimalist self-assembled monolayer (SAM)-based HTL with a benzene core and phosphonic acid anchoring group-enabling cost-effective synthesis and excellent ITO interfacial properties such as energy alignment, uniform monolayer, and stability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2025
Advanced Photovoltaics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
NiO is a p-type semiconductor widely used as a hole transport material in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), yet the impact of fabrication methods on its interfacial properties and the underlying mechanisms remains unclear. This study investigates how the fabrication process─nanoparticle precursor (NP NiO) and sputtering deposition (SP NiO)─and interfacial space charge effects influence charge transport and device performance in NiO/perovskite systems. SP NiO exhibits a higher Ni/Ni ratio and greater conductivity but induces significant hole depletion and band bending at the interface, leading to reduced open-circuit voltage and efficiency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2025
Research Group of Optical Properties of Materials (GPOM), Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica, León, Guanajuato 37150, Mexico.
This study presents a systematic analysis of the impact of polymer hole transport layers (HTLs) in inverted MAPbI perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Devices were fully fabricated under regular atmospheric conditions (≈40% humidity) and low temperature (100 °C) by using Field's Metal (FM) as an alternative top electrode. The widely known π-conjugated polymers P3HT, PTB7-Th, PBDB-T, and MEH-PPV were used as HTLs, and all of them show suitable energy alignment to MAPbI, offering good moisture stability, solution processability, low cost, and attractiveness for large area and flexible PSCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Invest
September 2025
Department of Computer Science and Engineering (CS), Saveetha Engineering College, Chennai, India.
Lung cancer detection (LCD) is a process of identifying an occurrence of lung cancer (LC) or irregularities in the lungs. Early detection of lung cancer is crucial for improving patient survival and enabling effective treatment. Computed Tomography (CT) images and Positron emission tomography (PET) are employed for screening and detecting LC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
September 2025
Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Nanoscience and Materials Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Application
Metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) hold promise for next-generation photovoltaics but are restricted by suboptimal efficiency and poor long-term stability. In inverted PSC architectures, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are widely employed as hole-selective layers (HSLs) due to their favorable energy-level alignment and negligible parasitic absorption. However, traditional SAMs often exhibit weak intermolecular interactions, leading to film aggregation, poor interfacial contact, and severe nonradiative recombination.
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