A copper-based single-atom material effectively controls plant diseases with nearly zero soil residue and low phytotoxicity.

A growing population necessitates the development of sustainable agriculture, which requires achieving atom economy in pesticide delivery, fertilization, and so on. To this end, we focus on single-atom materials (SAMs) to enhance atom utilization within agricultural systems. In this study, we report a novel pesticide for plants, a single-atom copper (Cu) formulation, by employing a precipitation-equilibrium-driven (K-driven) method to anchor Cu onto a calcium carbonate (CaCO) carrier.

Extracellular vesicle-mediated delivery of circp53 suppresses the progression of multiple cancers by activating the CypD/TRAP/HSP90 pathway.

The majority of cancers remain incurable due to limited therapeutic responses in malignancies with high-risk genetic mutations such as TP53. Building on the success of mRNA vaccine technology, we investigated circular RNA (circRNA) therapeutics and identified hsa_circp53_0041947, a TP53-derived circRNA in multiple myeloma (MM). The hsa_circp53_0041947 encodes a functional peptide (circp53-209aa) demonstrating p53 mutation-independent anti-MM effects through CypD/TRAP1/HSP90 complex-mediated mechanisms.

MRI-Based Models Using Habitat Imaging for Predicting Distinct Vascular Patterns in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background And Objectives: To develop two distinct models for predicting microvascular invasion (MVI) and vessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC) based on habitat imaging, and to integrate these models for prognosis assessment.

Methods: In this multicenter retrospective study, patients from two different institutions were enrolled and categorized for MVI (n=295) and VETC (n=276) prediction. Tumor and peritumoral regions on hepatobiliary phase images were segmented into subregions, from which all relevant features were extracted.

Ginger-derived vesicle-like nanoparticles loaded with curcumin to alleviate ionizing radiation-induced intestinal damage via gut microbiota regulation.

Emerging insights have been approached that gut microbiota act as a critical regulator for ionizing radiation (IR)-induced damage. Herein, an available strategy has been explored to shape gut microbiota for radioprotection by loading curcumin (Cur) into ginger-derived vesicle-like nanoparticles (GDNs). Engineered biomimetic nanovesicles (GDN-Cur) exhibited superb stability in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby significantly enhancing the oral bioavailability of Cur.

Artificial intelligence-enabled analysis methods and their applications in food chemistry.

Food chemistry is a science that studies the composition, properties, and changes of food at the chemical and molecular levels, as well as their relationships to human health. With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, the field of food chemistry has undergone significant transformation, and new development opportunities have emerged. AI provides efficient, precise, and intelligent solutions for food analysis.

Risk assessment and resistant mechanism of Fusarium graminearum to fluopyram.

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by the Fusarium graminearum species complex, poses a significant threat to global wheat production and human health due to its high virulence and the ability to produce harmful secondary metabolites. Although various fungicides have been extensively used to control FHB, there is a critical need for more comprehensive information on the resistance of F. graminearum to fluopyram in China.

SAE1 promotes tumor cell malignancy SUMOylation and liquid-liquid phase separation facilitated nuclear export of p27.

Most cancers are currently incurable, partly due to abnormal post-translational modifications (PTMs). In this study, we initially used multiple myeloma (MM) as a working model and found that SUMOylation activating enzyme subunit 1 (SAE1) promotes the malignancy of MM. Through proteome microarray analysis, SAE1 was identified as a potential target for bioactive colcemid or its derivative colchicine.

Effective mitigation of sclerotium rot in lettuce cultivation by two soil fungi Aspergillus terreus and Albifimbria verrucaria.

Background: Lettuce is widely cultivated for its high nutritional value, but its yield is significantly diminished by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a pathogenic fungus responsible for Sclerotinia rot. The overuse of chemical fungicides has led to resistance and environmental concerns. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop effective biocontrol agents as a safer and more sustainable alternative for managing this disease.

Investigation of Antifungal Activity and Assessment of Resistance Risk of Fungicide Benzovindiflupyr in .

Rice blast is a destructive disease caused by , which threatens global staple food production. This study aims to investigate antifungal activity and assess the resistance risk of benzovindiflupyr in . The mean EC value of benzovindiflupyr against 102 strains was 0.

Genomic diversity of Nocardia cyriacigeorgica and Nocardia farcinica infections.

The aim of this study was to investigate the genomic profiles of Nocardia. Three clinical Nocardia isolates were collected and conducted whole genome sequencing. Subsequently, 489 publicly available assemblies of Nocardia isolates were downloaded from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) public database and identified genetic diversity.

GART promotes multiple myeloma malignancy via tumor stemness mediated by activating the HSP90α/CDK6/β-catenin axis.

Tumor progression involves the acquisition of progenitor and stem cell-like characteristics. Glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase (GART) has been studied in solid tumors for its role in promoting cancer cell stemness, but its function in multiple myeloma (MM) remains unclear. This study aims to determine the impact of GART on MM cell proliferation and its potential as a therapeutic target.

Bruceine A Inhibits Cell Proliferation by Targeting the USP13/PARP1 Signalling Pathway in Multiple Myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematologic malignancy, driving significant interest in the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies. Bruceine A (BA), a tetracyclic triterpene quassinoid derived from Brucea javanica, has shown anticancer properties by modulating multiple intracellular signalling pathways and exhibiting various biological effects. However, the specific pharmacological mechanisms by which it combats MM remain unclear.

Deep Learning Radiopathomics Models Based on Contrast-enhanced MRI and Pathologic Imaging for Predicting Vessels Encapsulating Tumor Clusters and Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose To develop deep learning (DL) radiopathomics models based on contrast-enhanced MRI and pathologic imaging to predict vessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC) and survival in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods In this retrospective, multicenter study, 578 patients with HCC (mean age [±SD], 59 years ± 10; 442 male, 136 female) were divided into the training ( = 317), internal ( = 137), and external ( = 124) test sets. DL radiomics and pathomics models were developed to predict VETC using gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR and pathologic images.

Putrescine promotes maturation of oocytes from reproductively old mice via mitochondrial autophagy.

Research Question: Does putrescine (PUT) improve oocytes from reproductively old mice by promoting mitochondrial autophagy?

Design: Germinal vesicle stage cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were obtained from 9-month old female C57BL/6N mice and divided into control, PUT and difluoromethylornithine, inhibitor (DFMO) groups. These germinal vesicle COCs underwent mouse in-vitro maturation (IVM) culture to observe the extrusion of the first polar body in each group. Using JC-1, dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate fluorescent probes and a confocal microscope, the mitochondrial membrane potential integrity and reactive oxygen species levels were measured in metaphase II stage oocytes.

Guizhi Fuling capsules can alleviate bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy by decreasing Interleukin-6 levels to regulate mTOR pathway-induced autophagy.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect and underlying mechanism of Guizhi Fuling capsule (GZFL) on bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy (BiPN).

Materials And Methods: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in the plasma of Multiple myeloma (MM) patients were measured by ELISA, and correlation analysis between IL-6 and clinical features of BiPNs was performed. Then, we assess the clinical therapeutic effects of GZFL on MM patients by detecting IL-6 level, PN grade, FACT score, VAS score, MVC and SCV before and after the treatment.

Study on the Mechanism of Benziothiazolinone and Its Synergistic Effect with Tebuconazole in Inhibiting and DON Production.

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by the species complex, is a devastating disease of wheat and other cereal crops. This study investigates the antifungal mechanism of the novel fungicide benziothiazolinone (BIT) against (Fa) and its synergistic effect with tebuconazole (TB). BIT could inhibit NADH and ATP production and lead to mitochondrial fragmentation, thereby inhibiting the mycelial growth of Fa.

Biological Effects of Calceolarioside A as a Natural Compound: Anti-Ovarian Cancer, Anti-Tyrosinase, and Anti-HMG-CoA Reductase Potentials with Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulation Studies.

One kind of hydroxycinnamic acid is calceolarioside A. Plantago coronopus, Cassinopsis madagascariensis, and other organisms for whom data are available are known to have this naturally occurring compound. IC50 values of Calceolarioside A for ovarian cell lines (NIH-OVCAR-3, ES-2, UACC-1598, Hs832.

PNPO-Mediated Oxidation of DVL3 Promotes Multiple Myeloma Malignancy and Osteoclastogenesis by Activating the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a cancer of plasma cells caused by abnormal gene expression and interactions within the bone marrow (BM) niche. The BM environment significantly influences the progression of MM. Celastrol, a natural compound derived from traditional Chinese medicine, exhibits significant anticancer effects.

Strain-Specific Infection of Phage AP1 to Rice Bacterial Brown Stripe Pathogen .

Bacteriophage (phage) AP1 has been reported to effectively lyse , the causative agent of bacterial brown stripe in rice. However, phage AP1 exhibits strain-specific lysis patterns. In order to enhance the potential of phages for biological control of rice bacterial brown stripe, this study investigated the possible mechanism of strain-specific infection by characterizing phage AP1 and its susceptible (RS-2) and resistant (RS-1) strains.

CUL4A-DDB1-circRFWD2 E3 ligase complex mediates the ubiquitination of p27 to promote multiple myeloma proliferation.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable disease characterized by the abnormal expansion of plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM). Numerous studies have shown that BM tumor cells can influence the tumor microenvironment (TME) through communication with extracellular vesicle circular RNAs (circRNAs), a type of noncoding RNA. Our study revealed that a circular RNA, circRFWD2 (hsa_circ_0015361), is expressed by MM cells and translated into a new protein, circRFWD2_369aa.

Exploring the landscape of post-translational modification in drug discovery.

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) play a crucial role in regulating protein function, and their dysregulation is frequently associated with various diseases. The emergence of epigenetic drugs targeting factors such as histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone methyltransferase enhancers of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has led to a significant shift towards precision medicine, offering new possibilities to overcome the limitations of traditional therapeutics. In this review, we aim to systematically explore how small molecules modulate PTMs.

Cohort profile: the Nanjing Diabetes Cohort database - a population-based surveillance cohort.

Purpose: To study epidemiology, complications, risk factors, clinical course and treatment patterns of diabetes, the Nanjing Diabetes Cohort (NDC) was established using anonymised electronic health records from 650 hospitals and primary care since 2020. This cohort provides valuable data for researchers and policy-makers focused on diabetes management and public health strategies.

Participants: Diabetes was defined as having inpatient or outpatient encounters with a diagnosis of diabetes International Classification of Diseases-9/10 codes, any use of insulin or oral hypoglycaemic drugs, or one encounter with haemoglobin A1C >4.

Role of hypothetical protein PA1-LRP in antibacterial activity of endolysin from a new phage PA1.

Introduction: has emerged as a significant plant pathogen affecting various crops worldwide, causing substantial economic losses. Bacteriophages and their endolysins offer promising alternatives for controlling bacterial infections, addressing the growing concerns of antibiotic resistance.

Methods: This study isolated and characterized the phage PA1 and investigated the role of PA1-LRP in directly damaging bacteria and assisting endolysin PA1-Lys in cell lysis, comparing its effect to exogenous transmembrane domains following the identification and analysis of the PA1-Lys and the PA1-LRP based on whole genome analysis of phage PA1.

Exploration on the construction of a bladder cancer prognostic model based on disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs and its clinical significance.

Disulfidptosis is a novel programmed cell death mode that has been reported to play a role in oncogenesis. Increasing evidences suggest that the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in the initiation and progression of bladder cancer (BLCA). However, the role and prognostic value of disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs in BLCA remain unknown.