Simultaneous detection and quantification of free phenol and three structural isomers of cresol in human blood using gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and their medical reference value ranges.

Free phenol and cresol isomers in human samples have drawn interest, particularly in the field of forensic toxicology. In this study, a simultaneous analytical method for the detection of unchanged phenol and three structural isomers of cresol in human blood was developed using GC-MS/MS. This method was applied to authentic human heart and peripheral vein blood samples obtained from a fatal intoxication case involving accidental exposure to liquified phenol containing cresol isomers.

Histone Modifications as Individual-Specific Epigenetic Regulators: Opportunities for Forensic Genetics and Postmortem Analysis.

Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) have emerged as promising epigenetic biomarkers with increasing forensic relevance. Unlike conventional genetic markers such as short tandem repeats (STRs), histone modifications can offer additional layers of biological information, capturing individual-specific regulatory states and remaining detectable even in degraded forensic samples. This review highlights recent advances in understanding histone PTMs in forensic contexts, focusing on three key domains: analysis of degraded biological evidence, differentiation of monozygotic (MZ) twins, and postmortem interval (PMI) estimation.

Delineation of single-cell Altas provides new insights for development of coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease: bad and good signaling molecules.

Background: Kawasaki Disease (KD) is a vasculitis syndrome featured with a high and persistent fever in children. It is the leading cause of coronary artery lesions (CALs) for children in developed countries.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing analyses were performed for the peripheral blood mononuclear cells from three KD non-CAL patients before/after IVIG treatment (KD BT and KD AT), three KD CAL patients before IVIG treatment (CAL BT), and three KD CAL patients after IVIG treatment (CAL AT).

Genotype Identification of Complete Hydatidiform Moles without a Maternal Component: Attempts at a Novel 26-plex STR System.

Objective: Current autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) assays can analyze the zygotic composition by comparing the allelic genes at each locus of complete hydatidiform moles (CHM), with a maternal genotype serving as an essential reference for comparative analysis. However, their application in pathology represents a challenge because of deficiency or contamination of maternal-origin tissues. This study aimed to develop a novel STR genotyping method for identifying CHM genotypes without a maternal component.

Early Resection of Kommerell Diverticulum and Revascularization in Children With Right Aortic Arch and Aberrant Left Subclavian Artery.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate outcomes for right aortic arch with aberrant left subclavian artery (LSA) in children.

Methods: This retrospective review included consecutive children undergoing repair through left thoracotomy from 2018 to 2023. Preoperative computed tomography angiography assessed airway compression severity by the tracheal cross-sectional area ratio at vascular ring level (S) and at thoracic inlet (S), with a lower S:S ratio indicating more severe airway compression.

A 13-bp insertion in CmAPRR2 gene disrupts its function in regulating the green rind formation of immature melon fruit (Cucumis melo L.).

Melon (Cucumis melo L.) fruit rind color represents a crucial agronomic trait that significantly influences consumer preference, market value, and postharvest quality. Although economically important, the molecular mechanisms regulating rind color variation remain largely unexplored.

Single cell sequencing technology reveals the correlation between B lymphocytes and vascular inflammatory symptoms of Kawasaki disease.

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD), an acute vasculitis syndrome affecting children under 5 years, lacks specific biological markers for diagnosis. This study explores immune cell activation in KD patients during early vasculitis symptoms to identify potential diagnostic markers and guide intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy timing.

Methods: The study included single-cell sequencing (SCS) from 10 patients, comprising seven with KD and three controls, as well as flow cytometry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) validation from 277 patients.

Transitional Shock in Newly Graduated Registered Nurses From the Perspective of Self-Depletion and Impact on Cognitive Decision-Making: A Phenomenological Study.

Newly graduated registered nurses face more challenges than their experienced counterparts, as they not only confront the high pressures of an increasingly complex medical environment but also need to quickly adapt to their jobs and role transitions. The emotional burden arising at this stage is referred to as transitional shock. Self-depletion, as proposed by Baumeister, refers to the process by which individuals exhaust their internal psychological control resources when facing challenges, subsequently affecting cognition and emotion.

CD14 monocytes: the immune communication hub in early vasculitis symptoms of Kawasaki disease.

Background: Kawasaki Disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis syndrome predominantly affecting children, with a propensity to induce coronary artery lesions. Aberrant immune activation and cytokines cascade reactions are involved in its pathogenesis. The aim of this study is to investigate the changes in immune cell communication during the course of KD and to identify potential biomarkers.

Breast cancer risk associated with and pathogenic variants in the Eastern Chinese population.

Background: Population-based penetrance studies of breast cancer gene 1/2 ( pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants in the Eastern Chinese population are currently lacking; thus, we aimed to investigate the penetrance of breast cancer and other malignant tumors among BRCA1/2 P/LP variant carriers using a population-based breast cancer cohort from communities in Eastern China.

Methods: Between July 2019 and March 2021, we tested 2216 breast cancer probands from Chinese communities for mutations and collected detailed information on the age, survival status, and malignancy history of first-degree relatives. The kin-cohort method was used to calculate the penetrance of breast cancer and other malignant tumors.

The development and preliminary evaluation of a financial navigation program among patients with breast cancer in China.

Objective: This study aims to develop a financial navigation program among patients with breast cancer in China and assess its feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects on cost-related health literacy and financial toxicity (FT).

Methods: The Medical Research Council (MRC) framework were adopted to guide the development of the financial navigation program, providing a structured approach to complex intervention development and evaluation. It consisted of three phases: evidence identification via a scoping review, intervention content modeling through qualitative study analysis, and outcome mapping based on social stress theory.

-/ Regulates Hypocotyl Elongation by Coordinating the Auxin and Gibberellin Biosynthetic Pathways in Cucumber ( L.).

Hypocotyl length is closely related to quality in seedlings and is an important component of plant height vital for plant-type breeding in cucumber. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of hypocotyl elongation are poorly understood. In this study, the endogenous hormone content of indole acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellin (GA) showed an increase in the long hypocotyl (phytochrome B) mutant AM274M compared with its wild-type AM274W.

Biological Effects of Calceolarioside A as a Natural Compound: Anti-Ovarian Cancer, Anti-Tyrosinase, and Anti-HMG-CoA Reductase Potentials with Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulation Studies.

One kind of hydroxycinnamic acid is calceolarioside A. Plantago coronopus, Cassinopsis madagascariensis, and other organisms for whom data are available are known to have this naturally occurring compound. IC50 values of Calceolarioside A for ovarian cell lines (NIH-OVCAR-3, ES-2, UACC-1598, Hs832.

Hydrophilic-lipophilic balance copolymer composite nanofiber as an adsorbent for online solid phase extraction of three estrogens from water samples with column-switching prior to high-performance liquid chromatography.

Background: In recent years, the increasing accumulation of estrogen pollutants in the environment has raised concerns about their impact on human health, necessitating the development of highly sensitive detection methods for trace pollutant enrichment and analysis in environmental samples. Online pretreatment detection technology offers significant advantages over conventional offline techniques, including high automation, minimal human intervention, and improved efficiency. However, the key to successful implementation lies in the advancement of novel adsorbent materials.

The mechanism underlying B-cell developmental dysfunction in Kawasaki disease based on single-cell transcriptomic sequencing.

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis that can lead to acquired heart disease in children mostly from in developed countries. The previous research showed that B cells in KD patients underwent a profound change in both the cell numbers and types after intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy.

Methods: We performed the single-cell RNA-sequencing for the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from three febrile patients and three KD patients to investigate the possible mechanism underlying B cell developmental dysfunction in KD.

Bibliometric Analysis of Forensic Human Remains Identification Literature from 1991 to 2022.

Objectives: To describe the current state of research and future research hotspots through a metrological analysis of the literature in the field of forensic anthropological remains identification research.

Methods: The data retrieved and extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), the core database of the Web of Science information service platform (hereinafter referred to as "WoS"), was used to analyze the trends and topic changes in research on forensic identification of human remains from 1991 to 2022. Network visualisation of publication trends, countries (regions), institutions, authors and topics related to the identification of remains in forensic anthropology was analysed using python 3.

Comparison and combined use of NEWS2 and GCS scores in predicting mortality in stroke and traumatic brain injury: a multicenter retrospective study.

Objective: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) versus Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in predicting hospital mortality among patients with stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Location: This multicenter study was conducted at two anonymized tertiary care hospitals in distinct climatic regions of China, with a combined annual emergency admission exceeding 10,000 patients.

Patients: The study included 2,276 adult emergency admissions diagnosed with stroke ( = 1,088) or TBI ( = 1,188) from January 2021 to December 2023, excluding those with chronic pulmonary disease, severe cardiac conditions, or a history of brain surgery.

Stereoselective Construction of Multifunctional C-Glycosides Enabled by Nickel-Catalyzed Tandem Borylation/Glycosylation.

Stereochemically pure saccharides have indispensable roles in fields ranging from medicinal chemistry to materials science and organic synthesis. However, the development of a simple, stereoselective, and efficient glycosylation protocol to access α- and β-C-glycosides (particularly 2-deoxy entities) remains a persistent challenge. Existing studies have primarily focused on C1 modification of carbohydrates and transformation of glycosyl radical precursors.

The Evolution, Expression Patterns, and Domestication Selection Analysis of the Annexin Gene Family in the Barley Pan-Genome.

Plant annexins constitute a conserved protein family that plays crucial roles in regulating plant growth and development, as well as in responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, a total of 144 annexin genes were identified in the barley pan-genome, comprising 12 reference genomes, including cultivated barley, landraces, and wild barley. Their chromosomal locations, physical-chemical characteristics, gene structures, conserved domains, and subcellular localizations were systematically analyzed to reveal the certain differences between wild and cultivated populations.

Establishment and Application of a 42-plex Microhaplotype Assay in Forensic Genetics.

Objectives: To establish and forensically verify a 42 microhaplotypes (mircohaps, MHs) multiplex assay system based on next-generation sequencing (NGS), and to explore the application value of this system in the practice of forensic genetics.

Methods: A total of 42 highly polymorphic MHs were selected from previous studies, and sequenced by the MiSeq FGx platform to verify the repeata-bility, sensitivity, specificity, stability, and mixture analysis ability of the detection system. Through population genetic investigation of 102 unrelated Chinese Han individuals in Liyang City, Jiangsu Province, China, the application value of this system in forensic genetics was evaluated.

A diagnostic strategy for pulmonary fat embolism based on routine H&E staining using computational pathology.

Pulmonary fat embolism (PFE) as a cause of death often occurs in trauma cases such as fractures and soft tissue contusions. Traditional PFE diagnosis relies on subjective methods and special stains like oil red O. This study utilizes computational pathology, combining digital pathology and deep learning algorithms, to precisely quantify fat emboli in whole slide images using conventional hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining.

[mRNA Expression Profile Changes in Angiotensin-Ⅱ-Induced Atrial Myocardial Fibrosis in Rats].

Objective: To study the differences between the mRNA expression profile in angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ)-induced fibrotic cardiomyocytes and that of normal cardiomyocytes and the relevant signaling pathways.

Methods: Six 8-week-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to a control group and an Ang Ⅱ group, with 3 rats in each group. Rats in the control group were injected via caudal vein with 0.

Establishing an hTERT-driven immortalized umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell line and its therapeutic application in mice with liver failure.

Acute liver failure (ALF) is characterized by rapid liver cell destruction. It is a multi-etiological and fulminant complication with a clinical mortality of over 80%. Therapy using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or MSCs-derived exosomes can alleviate acute liver injury, which has been demonstrated in animal experiments and clinical application.

Internal validation of an improved system for forensic application: a 41-plex Y-STR panel.

Unlabelled: Y-chromosome short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) have a unique role in forensic investigation. However, low-medium mutating Y-STRs cannot meet the requirements for male lineage differentiation in inbred populations, whereas rapidly mutating (RM) high-resolution Y-STRs might cause unexpected exclusion of paternal lineages. Thus, combining Y-STRs with low and high mutation rates helps to distinguish male individuals and lineages in family screening and analysis of genetic relationships.