Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Five Major Ingredients in Normal and Atherosclerotic Rats after Oral Administration of Shenlian Formula.

Introduction: Shenlian formula (SL) has been widely used to treat various diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis (AS). Pathological states can significantly alter drug pharmacokinetics (PK) compared to normal physiology, primarily by modulating biological membrane permeability and metabolic enzyme activity, thereby affecting drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. However, the specific influence of AS on the PK profile of SL remains uncharacterized.

Pipkin type III fractures: a narrative review of literature and comparative opinion on ORIF vs. arthroplasty.

Pipkin Type III is extremely rare and is associated with worse prognosis and several complications. There is still no consensus on the management of injuries and whether these fractures should be treated surgically with ORIF or arthroplasty. Pipkin type III involves a combination of ipsilateral femoral head and neck fractures.

High-Yield Production of PCV2 Cap Protein: Baculovirus Vector Construction and Cultivation Process Optimization.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection causes porcine circovirus disease (PCVD), a global immunosuppressive disease in pigs. Its clinical manifestations include post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) and porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS), which cause significant economic losses to the swine industry. The Cap protein, which is the major protective antigen of PCV2, can self-assemble to form virus-like particles (VLPs) in the insect baculovirus expression system.

Influence of Hip Prosthesis Position on Postoperative Gait After Primary THA in Patients With Unilateral Femoral Head Necrosis.

To investigate the effect of hip component position on gait after primary THA in patients with unilateral femoral head necrosis. A total of 40 patients underwent primary THA due to unilateral femoral head osteonecrosis were enrolled in this study. The gait data and CT images of the hip and knee joints were obtained before and 3 months after operation.

Novel self-assembled metal-phenolic nanoplatforms for triple-negative breast cancer treatment: photothermal-chemotherapy/ferroptosis synergy inducing immunogenic cell death.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses a serious threat to women's health. Currently, chemotherapy remains the first-line treatment in the clinic, and more comprehensive treatments are urgently needed to improve the therapeutic efficacy of TNBC. Emerging studies have indicated that photothermal therapy, ferroptosis and immunotherapy also play crucial roles in TNBC treatment.

Selective enhancement of fish gelatin emulsification via structural compatibility with sodium alginate: A comparative study with SPI and WPI.

This study systematically investigated the structure-dependent interactions between sodium alginate (SA) and three distinct proteins-fish gelatin (FG), soybean protein isolate (SPI), and whey protein isolate (WPI)-to elucidate their differential emulsification enhancement mechanisms. Mechanistic studies showed that FG exhibited unique structural compatibility with SA, driven by strong electrostatic interactions (ΔH = -6.59 kJ/mol, ΔS = 5.

Characterizing neurofibromin 1-altered breast cancer through genomic, functional, and clinical analyses.

Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality among women worldwide, with increasing incidence in China. The neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) gene, a critical tumor suppressor regulating the Ras/MAPK pathway, has been implicated in aggressive breast cancer phenotypes, yet its somatic alterations in Asian populations remain poorly characterized. This study integrates genomic, transcriptomic, and clinicopathological data from a Chinese breast cancer cohort (GDPH, n = 680), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) consortium to elucidate the role of NF1 in breast cancer.

CsNAC29 transcription factor activates α-farnesene emission to resist gray blight disease in tea plant (Camellia sinensis).

α-Farnesene is one of the most widely distributed volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in plants, playing a significant role in both flavor formation and defense mechanisms. However, the regulatory mechanisms and physiological functions of α-farnesene biosynthesis in tea plants remain largely unexplored. In this study, α-farnesene was identified as a key compound associated with resistance to gray blight disease.

Independent effects of mental health disorders on breast cancer and their mediating factors: evidence from NHANES and two-step Mendelian randomization.

Background: The epidemiological data regarding the correlation between mental disorders and breast cancer (BC) is still debatable. This study's objective is to clarify the connection between BC and mental disorders, such as depression, panic, and anxiety, in addition to examining the mediating role of risk factors associated with BC through genetic susceptibility.

Methods: Cross-sectional data came from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the years 2015-2018, stratified by BC status.

Phytotherapy for Obesity Management: The Role of Gut Microbiota in Reshaping Adipose Tissue.

People with obesity exhibit abnormal fat accumulation, systemic chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and dysregulation of glucolipid metabolism. However, interventions aimed at lifestyle modification and energy intake reduction have shown limited effectiveness. Adipose tissue is widely distributed throughout the body and has high plasticity.

Diastereoselective synthesis of 1,4-diaryl piperazines through the dimerization of 3-aminooxetanes with cooperative indium-diphenyl phosphate catalysis.

A catalytic dimerization reaction of 3-aminooxetanes has been developed with cooperative indium/diphenyl phosphate catalysis, successfully achieving a [3 + 3] annulation reaction to provide a series of piperazine derivatives. The reaction features good functional group compatibility and excellent diastereoselectivity, enabling the synthesis of the corresponding piperazine products in moderate to good yields. The hydroxymethyl group present in the products could serve as a privileged moiety for diverse transformations, permitting the further elaboration of piperazine-based molecules.

FEZF1-AS1 drives autophagy-mediated progression of colon cancer and reduces chemosensitivity through inhabiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

The pathogenesis and chemoresistance mechanisms of colon cancer (CC) are still unclear. Here, we find that a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), FEZ family zinc finger 1-antisense RNA 1 (FEZF1-AS1), is highly expressed in CC, which may be caused by the amplification mutation of FEZF1-AS1 at the gene level through bioinformatic analysis. FEZF1-AS1 has the potential to be a biomarker in the diagnosis of CC.

Comparative morphological and lipidomic profiling of abdominal adipose tissue in Beijing You chickens at different ages and Ross 308 broilers.

This study aimed to compare fat deposition, muscle tissue structure, and abdominal fat lipid metabolism among 150-day-old Beijing You chickens, 450-day-old Beijing You chickens, and 150-day-old Ross 308 broilers. Slaughter performance analysis revealed that Beijing You chickens exhibited significantly higher fat deposition than Ross 308 broilers, with continuous accumulation observed with increasing age. Histological observations showed that the breast muscle fibers of Beijing You chickens were significantly smaller than those of Ross 308 broilers of the same age, while the diameters of abdominal adipocytes were significantly larger and increased further with age.

Additive Engineering-Assisted Perovskite Crystallization Modulation and In Situ Buried Interface Healing for Stable and Efficient Planar CsPbI Perovskite Solar Cells.

The charge recombination resulting from the numerous perovskite defects and the inferior buried interface remarkably deteriorates the performance of inorganic perovskite solar cells. Here, we introduce 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (ABSA) into the CsPbI perovskite precursor to simultaneously reduce perovskite defects through modulating CsPbI perovskite crystallization and heal the buried interface through in situ forming a ABSA dipolar interlayer. The interaction of the ABSA molecule with CsPbI precursor components hinders CsPbI perovskite crystallization, resulting in forming a compact and smooth CsPbI perovskite film with reduced defects and enhanced crystallinity.

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) with mini-open technique versus open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in the treatment of displaced midclavicular fracture: a retrospective study.

Introduction: Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) has been reported to be superior to open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for the treatment of different long bone fractures. This retrospective study aimed to compare MIPO with the mini-open technique versus conventional ORIF for the treatment of displaced midshaft clavicular fractures. We hypothesized that this technique would improve supraclavicular nerve (SCN) injury-related numbness, decrease surgical incision, blood loss, thick scar, and overall patient satisfaction.

Influence of Hollow Glass Microspheres (HGM) on Properties of Alkali-Activated Slag Lightweight High-Strength Concrete Under Varying Lightweight Aggregate (LWA) Dosages.

As a promising and sustainable construction material, alkali-activated slag lightweight high-strength concrete (AAS-LWHSC) may be influenced by lightweight aggregate (LWA) content. In this study, the effects of hollow glass microspheres (HGM) replacing granulated ground blast furnace slag (GGBFS) under varying LWA dosages on the workability, dry apparent density, mechanical properties, and microstructure of AAS-LWHSC were investigated. The results indicated that the dry density of concrete was significantly reduced by HGM, while the "ball-bearing" effect of HGM was observed to enhance workability at a dosage of 6%.

The mechanical properties of bone filling materials affect the therapeutic effect of vertebroplasty: Biomechanical finite element analysis.

BackgroundBone filling materials that match the mechanical properties of normal cancellous bone may be more suitable for vertebroplasty to improve the complications caused by osteoporosis.ObjectiveTo prepare and evaluate a new bone filling material (NBFM) that matches the mechanical properties of normal cancellous bone for vertebroplasty.MethodsA new bone filling material (NBFM) was prepared and its biomechanical properties were compared with those of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone filling material commonly used in clinical vertebroplasty.

Analysis and Optimization of Rotationally Symmetric Au-Ag Alloy Nanoparticles for Refractive Index Sensing Properties Using T-Matrix Method.

Previous investigations devoted to non-spherical nanoparticles for biosensing have primarily addressed two hot topics, namely, finding nanoparticles with the best shape for refractive index sensing properties and the optimization of size parameters. In this study, based on these hot topics, Au-Ag alloy nanoparticles with excellent optical properties were selected as the research object. Targeting rotationally symmetric Au-Ag alloy nanoparticles for biosensing applications, the complex media function correction model and T-matrix approach were used to systematically analyze the variation patterns of extinction properties, refractive index sensitivity, full width at half maximum, and figure of merit of three rotationally symmetric Au-Ag alloy nanoparticles with respect to the size of the particles and the Au molar fraction.

CircRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks in plasma extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for first-onset schizophrenia.

Background: The circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in first-onset schizophrenia (FOS) have not been reported yet. Here, we constructed circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks of EVs, and examined their diagnostic efficiency in FOS.

Methods: The expression levels of circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs in EVs derived from 10 FOS patients and 10 healthy controls (HC) were determined by high-throughput sequencing.

Emulating Synaptic Events and Nociceptor via Organic-Inorganic Perovskite Threshold Switching Memristor.

As artificial intelligence technology continuously advances, a growing number of bio-mimetic advanced electronic systems are rapidly emerging and being applied in various fields, including humanoid robots and tactile sensors. To effectively address progressively complex tasks and challenging work environments, integrating synaptic and nociceptive functions within a single device is crucial for enhancing the ability to perceive changes and respond accordingly to the external environment. Here, an organic-inorganic perovskite memristor that exhibits excellent volatile performance (ON/OFF ratio ≈10, endurance > 10 cycles) is presented.

Development and validation of a nomogram to predict massive bleeding requiring intervention in severe acute pancreatitis.

Background: Hemorrhage remains a formidable complication of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), with a high mortality rate. However, there is currently no effective method for identifying SAP patients who are at high risk for massive bleeding. The present study aimed to explore risk factors for predicting massive bleeding in SAP patients and to develop a predictive nomogram, which could facilitate early prediction, and timely appropriate interventions.

An imaging-guided self-amplifying photo-immunotherapeutic nanoparticle for STING pathway activation and enhanced cancer therapy.

The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is a promising target in cancer immunotherapy. However, current nanomedicine strategies targeting the STING pathway often suffer from limited tumor specificity and insufficient immune activation. In this study, we developed a novel imaging-guided, self-amplifying photo-immunotherapeutic nanoparticle (SSCOL), comprising a liposome framework that encapsulates the phase-change material perfluoropentane (PFP), the photothermal agent superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO), and the STING agonist cGAMP.

High dietary astaxanthin supplementation alters egg yolk nutritional composition in hens.

Astaxanthin (ASTA), a potent antioxidant with anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and anti-apoptotic effects, has garnered attention for its potential to enhance the nutritional value of eggs. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary ASTA on egg yolk nutritional composition, sensory attributes, and related molecular mechanisms. We assessed how varying levels of ASTA supplementation (0, 0.

Acute unilateral renal embolism: a therapeutic challenge.

Acute renal artery embolism (ARAE) is a rare vascular event that precipitates renal infarction (RI) caused by abrupt disruption of renal artery blood flow. RI is frequently misdiagnosed or diagnosed late because of its rarity and frequently ambiguous clinical presentation, potentially leading to irreversible harm to the renal parenchyma or an increased risk of other embolic events affecting other organs. Risk factors for ARAEs include atrial fibrillation, valvular or ischemic heart disease, renal artery embolism/dissection, and coagulopathy, and complete unilateral renal artery embolism is rare.

A Nano-Electro-Platform Enabling Evolutionary Screening and Remodeling of Tumor Cells for Metastasis Inhibition.

Tumor metastasis remains the leading cause of mortality among cancer patients. Addressing this challenge necessitates the development of effective strategies for targeted drug delivery and therapy. Given that metastatic lesions are primarily driven by highly aggressive tumor cell subpopulations, in-depth study of these cells and further guiding design of targeted therapeutics, play deterministic roles in metastasis inhibition.