Diffusion kurtosis imaging and arterial spin labeling MRI for assessment of post-contrast acute kidney injury risk in rats with subclinical kidney injury.

Background: The risk of post-contrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI) following subclinical acute kidney injury (sAKI) remains unclear. This study was performed to determine whether sAKI increases the risk of PC-AKI and to assess the utility of multiparametric MRI, including diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and arterial spin labeling (ASL), for detecting pathological changes with high sensitivity.

Methods: A rat model of subclinical kidney injury was established through subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride for 6 weeks.

Fatty liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy: an experimental study based on intravoxel incoherent motion and T2 mapping MRI.

Objectives: To explore the feasibility of assessing liver regeneration (LR) after partial hepatectomy (PH) in a rat model of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver (MAFL) using intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and T2 mapping.

Animal Model: Eighty Sprague-Dawley rats with MAFLD were randomly assigned to a longitudinal MRI group and pathology group. The MRI group (n = 10) included hepatectomy (MRph, n = 5) and control (MRctrl, n = 5) subgroups, which underwent serials MRI scans.

Metabolomic insights into late-life depression: a systematic review.

Late-life depression (LLD) is a prevalent mental health issue that significantly impacts the quality of life in the elderly population. In recent years, metabolomics has emerged as a novel research tool, offering fresh insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying LLD. This systematic review synthesizes metabolomic studies from January 2004 to March 2024, aiming to identify differential metabolites, explore diagnostic and predictive potential, and investigate aberrant metabolic pathways in LLD.

Integrated bioinformatics and experimental validation identify lysosome and immune infiltration-related genes as therapeutic targets in late-onset major depressive disorder.

This study leverages bioinformatics to identify differential genes linked to lysosomal alterations in late-onset major depressivedisorder (LOD) patients and explores potential therapeutic drugs. We analyzed differential genes in the GSE76826 dataset usingWGCNA to identify modules associated with LOD. After intersecting with lysosomal genes, we utilized ROC and Lasso regression toassess diagnostic significance.

Influence of Polymorphisms in Gene SATB2 on Antipsychotics Response in Chinese Han Population.

Background: Responses to antipsychotic drugs vary significantly among patients with schizophrenia. This study explored the correlation between rs1900327, rs7557687, rs733156, and rs6745135 in gene SATB2 and antipsychotics response in the Chinese Han population.

Methods: This study included 228 patients with schizophrenia.

Construction and Brain Validation of circRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs Regulatory Axis in Early-Onset Schizophrenia.

Background: High rates of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of schizophrenia highlight the urgent need for objective diagnostic indicators. Previous studies showed that microRNAs and circular RNAs are potential candidates. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory patterns and brain validation of circular RNAs-microRNAs-messenger RNAs in early-onset schizophrenia.

CircRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks in plasma extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for first-onset schizophrenia.

Background: The circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in first-onset schizophrenia (FOS) have not been reported yet. Here, we constructed circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks of EVs, and examined their diagnostic efficiency in FOS.

Methods: The expression levels of circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs in EVs derived from 10 FOS patients and 10 healthy controls (HC) were determined by high-throughput sequencing.

Exploring the diagnostic potential of IL1R1 in depression and its association with lipid metabolism.

Background: Depression is a complex mental disorder where oxidative stress and lipid metabolism disorders play crucial roles, yet their connection requires further exploration. This study aims to investigate the roles of oxidative stress and lipid metabolism disorders in depression using bioinformatics methods and Mendelian randomization analysis.

Methods: A differential gene expression analysis was performed on the GSE76826 dataset, followed by identification of the intersection with genes related to OS.

Further elucidation of GMPPB as a risk gene for depression through integrative multi-omics analyses.

Depression, a prevalent and recurrent mental disorder, significantly impairs the quality of life and social functioning. Traditional genome-wide association studies GWAS is difficult to accurately locate causative genes due to linkage disequilibrium and tissue-specific expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) effects, while single-tissue transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) may overlook cross-tissue regulatory heterogeneity or produce spurious associations. To address these limitations, the combined sparse canonical correlation analysis (sCCA) with the Aggregated Cauchy Association Test (ACAT) analysis was employed for capturing shared expression patterns across multiple tissues, reducing spurious associations and enhancing its power to detect genes with heterogeneous regulatory effects.

The association of vitamin deficiency with depression risk in late-life depression: a review.

Late-life depression (LLD), a growing public health challenge in aging societies, profoundly impacts physical and mental health by exacerbating cognitive decline, functional disability, and comorbid chronic diseases. Emerging research highlights vitamin supplementation as a promising adjunctive therapy for LLD, targeting its multifactorial pathogenesis involving mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. Specific vitamins, including B-complex vitamins (B1, B6, B9, B12), vitamin D, and antioxidants (C, E), demonstrate therapeutic potential through mechanisms ranging from neurotransmitter regulation to mitochondrial function enhancement.

Explore autophagy-related lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA networks for diagnosis of early-onset schizophrenia through transcriptome analysis.

Background: The severe functional impairment and poor prognosis of early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) create a great need to identify effective biomarkers for early diagnosis in young psychiatric patients. Current research indicates a potential link between loss of autophagy function and emotional and behavioral abnormalities in individuals with psychiatric disorders.

Materials And Methods: This study aimed to explore diagnostic autophagy-related endogenous competitive RNA (ceRNA) networks for EOS patients.

Hydrogen Sulfide Alleviates Schizophrenia-Like Behavior Through Regulating Apoptosis by S-Sulfhydrylation Modification.

Background: We initiated an exploration of the relationship between hydrogen sulfide (HS) and Schizophrenia (SZ) as well as its mechanism at the three levels of population study, cellular investigation, and animal model.

Materials And Methods: Clinical data and peripheral blood samples from 78 patients with SZ and 83 healthy controls (HC) were collected for the detection of HS levels (ChiCTR (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry) 900026776). MK801 (Dizocilpine) was used to establish SZ models in cells and rats, with sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) serving as an exogenous HS donor.

Microglia TRPC1 SUMOylation drives neuroinflammation after stroke by modulating NLRP3 activity via increasing TRPC1 interaction with ARRB2.

Microglial canonical transient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPC1) has been proposed to influence neuroinflammation after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury (CIRI), however, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. This study demonstrates that TRPC1 is modified by small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO)ylation. Our findings suggest a notable increase in microglial TRPC1 SUMOylation within both the middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion (MCAO/R) model and the in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation/regeneration model.

Identification of aberrant plasma vesicles containing AAK1 and CCDC18-AS1 in adolescents with major depressive disorder and preliminary exploration of treatment efficacy.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) during adolescence significantly jeopardizes both mental and physical health. However, the etiology underlying MDD in adolescents remains unclear.

Methods: A total of 74 adolescents with MDD and 40 health controls (HCs) who underwent comprehensive clinical and cognitive assessments were enrolled.

The neurodevelopmental regulatory role and clinical value of hsa-circ-CORO1C-hsa-miR-708-3p-JARID2 + LNPEP axis in early-onset schizophrenia.

Genes discovered by previous epigenetic studies of schizophrenia have focused solely on diagnostics or pathology, potentially leading to a disconnection between them. Using these molecules to identify the disease is considered insufficient. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) binding to messenger RNAs (mRNAs) can lead to mRNA degradation, while circular RNAs (circRNAs), by binding to miRNAs as sponge, can reduce the inhibitory effect of miRNAs on mRNAs.

Immediate and long-term efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tCDS) in obsessive-compulsive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder and anxiety disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Currently, there is still debate over the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and anxiety disorders (ADs). To investigate the immediate and long-term effectiveness of tDCS in these diseases, we conducted a systematic review and quantitative analysis of existing literature on the treatment of OCD, PTSD, and ADs with tDCS. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we searched seven electronic databases and systematically retrieved articles published from May 2012 to June 2024 that compared the effects of active tDCS with sham stimulation in the treatment of these disorders.

Use of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-Weighted Imaging to Assess Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Promoting Liver Regeneration in a Rat Model.

Rationale And Objectives: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to promote liver regeneration, but the process is unclear. This study aims to explore the therapeutic effects and dynamic processes of MSCs in liver regeneration through intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging.

Animal Model: 70 adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into either the control or MSC group (n = 35/group).

The role of the immune system in early-onset schizophrenia: identifying immune characteristic genes and cells from peripheral blood.

Background: Early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) is a type of schizophrenia (SCZ) with an age of onset of < 18 years. An abnormal inflammatory immune system may be involved in the occurrence and development of SCZ. We aimed to identify the immune characteristic genes and cells involved in EOS and to further explore the pathogenesis of EOS from the perspective of immunology.

Asparagine reduces the risk of schizophrenia: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study of aspartate, asparagine and schizophrenia.

Background: Despite ongoing research, the underlying causes of schizophrenia remain unclear. Aspartate and asparagine, essential amino acids, have been linked to schizophrenia in recent studies, but their causal relationship is still unclear. This study used a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method to explore the causal relationship between aspartate and asparagine with schizophrenia.

Sex differences in luteinizing hormone aggravates Aβ deposition in APP/PS1 and Aβ-induced mouse models of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibits a higher incidence rate among older women, and dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis during aging is associated with cognitive impairments and the development of dementia. luteinizing hormone (LH) has an important role in CNS function, such as mediating neuronal pregnenolone production, and modulating neuronal plasticity and cognition. The sex differences in LH and its impact on Aβ deposition in AD individuals remain unclear, with no reported specific mechanisms.

Plasma levels of hydrogen sulfide and homocysteine correlate with the efficacy of antidepressant agents and serve as potential diagnostic and therapeutic markers.

Objective: Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is associated with depressive-like behavior in rodents. We undertook cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of plasma levels of HS and its substrate homocysteine (Hcy) in depression and assessed the association of both parameters with psychopathology and cognitive function.

Methods: Forty-one patients suffering from depression (PSDs) and 48 healthy volunteers were recruited.

Silicon-Compatible Ferroelectric Tunnel Junctions with a SiO/HfZrO Composite Barrier as Low-Voltage and Ultra-High-Speed Memristors.

The big data era requires ultrafast, low-power, and silicon-compatible materials and devices for information storage and processing. Here, ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJs) based on SiO/HfZrO composite barrier and both conducting electrodes are designed and fabricated on Si substrates. The FTJ achieves the fastest write speed of 500 ps under 5 V (2 orders of magnitude faster than reported silicon-compatible FTJs) or 10 ns speed at a low voltage of 1.

Ultralow Subthreshold Swing of a MOSFET Caused by Ferroelectric Polarization Reversal of HfZrO Thin Films.

The emergence of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible HfO-based ferroelectric materials provides a promising way to achieve ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FeFETs) with a steep subthreshold swing (SS) reduced to below the Boltzmann thermodynamics limit (∼60 mV/dec at room temperature), which has important implications for lowering power consumption. In this work, a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) is connected with HfZrO (HZO)-based ferroelectric capacitors with different capacitances. By adjusting the capacitance of ferroelectric capacitors, an ultralow of ∼0.

Plasma exosomes lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network construction and its diagnostic efficacy identification in first-episode schizophrenia.

Background: The exosomal lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks in first episode schizophrenia (FOS) have not reported yet. This study examined the lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA expression level in exosome derived from first episode schizophrenia (FOS) patients, and explored the the potential of exosomes as biomarkers for schizophrenia.

Methods: We recruited 10 FOS patients and healthy controls (HCs) respectively, examined the lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA expression level of plasma exosome by high throughput sequencing, constructed lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network, and performed correlation analysis, GO and KEGG pathway analysis, PPI network construction and ROC analysis.