Characteristics of personal exposure to metals in PM and their implications for epidemiological studies: New insights from a panel study of the elderly in Beijing.

Air pollution levels monitored at fixed sites, known as ambient concentrations, are often used as surrogate indicators of individual exposure levels. However, this could lead to exposure misclassification, a major challenge in environmental epidemiology research. Discrepancies between ambient concentrations and personal exposure characteristics, their underlying causes, and their potential impacts on health effect assessments remain unclear, particularly for the metals in fine particulate matter (PM).

Land availability and policy commitments limit global climate mitigation from forestation.

Forestation (afforestation and reforestation) could mitigate climate change by sequestering carbon within biomass and soils. However, global mitigation from forestation remains uncertain owing to varying estimates of carbon sequestration rates (notably in soil) and land availability. In this study, we developed global maps of soil carbon change that reveal carbon gains and losses with forestation, primarily in the topsoil.

Integrating single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to reveal the Glycolysis-related gene GPRC5A as a potential biomarker for gastric cancer by machine learning.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths due to late diagnosis. Altered glycolytic metabolism, notably the Warburg effect, plays a critical role in tumorigenesis, offering potential for early detection and targeted therapy.

Methods: We combined single-cell omics and computational modeling to map and validate glycolytic biomarkers in GC.

Infection-Control Protocol Acceptability in Skilled Nursing Facilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objectives: To assess the acceptability of an infection-control prevention strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic for skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) staff and residents, to describe implementation challenges and potential solutions, and to explore intervention impact perceptions.

Design: Qualitative investigation of a multimethod pragmatic clinical trial designed to develop and test a novel cohorting intervention to mitigate infection transmission in SNFs during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Setting And Participants: We used a purposive sample of staff and residents in 2 New York City nonprofit SNFs participating in the intervention trial.

Unmasking immune checkpoint resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Insights into the tumor microenvironment and biomarker landscape.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains a daunting global health concern. It is marked by aggressive progression and poor survival. While immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment modality, both primary and acquired resistance continue to limit its clinical impact, leaving many patients without durable benefits ( CheckMate-648, ESCORT-1).

CsLOX facilitates glandular trichome development and increases jasmonate in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).

Trichomes play crucial roles in plant growth and development, particularly in stress resistance. In cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), glandular trichomes (GTs) not only synthesize metabolites but also impact the commercial value of fruits.

Rapid High-Resolution Analysis of Polysaccharide-Lignin Interactions in Secondary Plant Cell Walls Using Proton-Detected Solid-State NMR.

The plant secondary cell wall, a complex matrix composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, is crucial for the mechanical strength and water-proofing properties of plant tissues, and serves as a primary source of biomass for biorenewable energy and biomaterials. Structural analysis of these polymers and their interactions within the secondary cell wall has been heavily relying on C-based solid-state NMR techniques. In this study, we explore the application of H-detected solid-state NMR techniques for rapid, high-resolution structural characterization of polysaccharides and lignin, demonstrated on the stems of hardwood eucalyptus.

[Characterization of PM-O Complex Pollution and Influencing Factors in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region from 2015 to 2022].

Based on hourly concentration data of PM and ozone （O） from 2015 to 2022, as well as meteorological reanalysis data, this study categorized complex pollution days into light, moderate, and severe based on PM concentration in the presence of O pollution. It examined the temporal evolution and meteorological characteristics of different levels of complex pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei （BTH） Region. The results indicated that the number of light, moderate, and severe complex pollution days were 149, 120, and 52, respectively, primarily concentrated in April and June.

Take-out containers as nano- and microplastics reservoirs: Diet-driven gut dysbiosis in university students.

Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) are presenting a significant challenge to global ecosystems and human health, however, human evidence on NPs-specific effects and their impacts on gut microbiota remains absent. This study investigated the exposure characteristics of MPs/NPs and their associations with gut microbiota dysbiosis in a high-risk population-university students. Fecal samples from 24 university students were analyzed via Raman spectroscopy and micro-FTIR for comprehensive MPs/NPs characterization.

Investigating the Components Change of Steamed Corydalis yanhusuo via Mass Spectrometry Imaging, HS-GC-IMS, HPLC, and Network Pharmacology to Unveil Mechanism for Antichronic Atrophic Gastritis.

Corydalis yanhusuo (YHS), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), was commonly steamed before clinical usage for chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). However, the reasonable steaming time had not occurred, and bioactive components of potential mechanisms of YHS for CAG were still unclear. Thus, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the necessity of steaming processing of YHS before using it in clinical via mass spectrometry imaging (MSI).

A single-nucleotide mutation of G301A in confers leaf curling in .

Cotton is a crucial fiber and oil crop, playing a significant role in the textile and food industries. Its yield heavily relies on photosynthesis, a process that primarily occurs in the leaves. Consequently, leaf morphology stands as a vital agronomic trait in cotton breeding.

Decoupled Control of CO and Nitrate Reduction Intermediates to Enable Efficient Tandem Urea Electrosynthesis.

The direct electrochemical coupling of CO and nitrate (NO) offers a sustainable alternative to the energy-intensive Bosch-Meiser process for urea synthesis. However, achieving efficient C-N coupling at single active sites remains challenging due to the kinetic mismatch between CO and NO reduction, as well as the intricate multistep proton-coupled electron transfer process. Here, we present a sacrificial template-based strategy to synthesize a two-dimensional (2D)/zero-dimensional (0D) FePS/AgS heterostructure catalyst, enabling the tandem coreduction of CO and nitrate for urea electrosynthesis.

Comprehensive analysis of the PLXNA3 gene on prognosis and immune characteristics in breast cancer.

PLXNA3 is a transmembrane protein essential for axon guidance and synapse formation, gaining attention in cancer research for its roles in cell migration, invasion, and signal transduction. However, its biological significance in breast cancer remains underexplored. Here, bulk RNA sequencing and survival analysis revealed that elevated PLXNA3 levels were correlated with increased malignancy and poorer survival in breast cancer.

Fecal microbiota transplantation: A promising treatment strategy for chronic liver disease.

Chronic liver disease has become a global health crisis, with increasing incidence and mortality rates placing a substantial burden on healthcare systems worldwide. A key factor in the progression of chronic liver disease is intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, which influences liver function the intricate liver-gut axis. This axis plays a central role in various physiological processes, and disruptions in microbial composition can exacerbate liver pathology.

The effect of physical activity on resilience of Chinese children: the chain mediating effect of executive function and emotional regulation.

Background: Children’s mental health has become a major public health challenge, with approximately 19.3% of Chinese children and adolescents facing mental health problems. Resilience, a positive adaptive trait, serves as a key protective factor in children’s mental health.

Surgical Outcomes of Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery Combined With Computed Tomography-Guided Microwave Ablation for Lung Cancer Presenting as Multiple Ground-Glass Opacities: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Multiple ground glass opacities (mGGOs) are frequently observed in patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma. The most appropriate and effective treatment for these mGGOs remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively review the usefulness and safety of performing video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) combined with computed tomography (CT)-guided microwave ablation (MWA) in patients with synchronous multiple primary lung cancer (sMPLC) and to demonstrate the long-term surgical outcomes at our institute.

Characterization of T cell proliferation-associated hepatocellular carcinoma subtypes, predictive signatures, and candidate targets.

Background: T cells are essential mediators of antitumor immune responses. While T cell proliferation-related genes (TRGs) have been identified, how they relate to prognostic outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients remains uncertain. This study attempts to analyze the relationship between TRGs and the prognosis of patients with HCC from multiple perspectives.

Tartary Buckwheat Peptides Prevent Oxidative Damage in Differentiated SOL8 Cells via a Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis Pathway.

Under oxidative stress conditions, the increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within cells disrupt the intracellular homeostasis. Tartary buckwheat peptides exert their effects by scavenging oxidative free radicals, such as superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, thereby reducing oxidative damage within cells. Meanwhile, these peptides safeguard mitochondria by maintaining the mitochondrial membrane potential, decreasing the production of mitochondrial oxygen free radicals, and regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and autophagy to preserve mitochondrial homeostasis.

Integrated analysis of single-cell RNA-seq and spatial transcriptomics to identify the lactylation-related protein TUBB2A as a potential biomarker for glioblastoma in cancer cells by machine learning.

Background: An increasing number of studies have revealed a link between lactylation and tumor initiation and progression. However, the specific impact of lactylation on inter-patient heterogeneity and recurrence in glioblastoma (GBM) remains to be further elucidated.

Methods: We employed functional enrichment algorithms, including AUCell and UCell, to assess lactylation activity in GBM cancer cells.

Distinct echinocandin responses of Candida albicans and Candida auris cell walls revealed by solid-state NMR.

Invasive candidiasis affects 1.6 million people annually, with high mortality among immunocompromised and hospitalized patients. Echinocandins are frontline antifungals, but rising resistance limits their efficacy.

Built-in Interface electric field microenvironment in covalent organic framework modified heterojunction guiding Electron transfer for effective photocatalytic CO reduction.

Solar-driven photocatalytic CO₂ conversion represents an innovative and eco-friendly approach to transform the predominant greenhouse gas into renewable fuels. Nevertheless, the slow movement of electron-hole pairs significantly restricts its wider practical applications. To address the challenge, our study investigates into the underlying mechanisms of the built-in electric field microenvironment, with the aim of elucidating its role in the electron transfer process.

Complex Alkaloid-Type Polycycles via Aza-Michael/Epoxidation of Indole-7-Carbaldehydes with Vinyl Sulfonium Salts and Alkenyl Thianthrenium Salts.

An efficient synthesis of pyrroloquinolines has been developed via the aza-Michael/epoxidation cascade process in a diastereospecific manner. The domino reaction occurred properly to afford the desired tetracyclic indoles in 50->99% isolated yields. This synthetic protocol displayed especially broad substrate generality with respect to both indole-7-carbaldehydes and vinylsulfonium salts.

Serum Pharmacology Combined with Network Pharmacology Reveals the Effects and Mechanisms of Ganmai Dazao Decoction in the Treatment of Depression.

Ganmai Dazao Decoction (GMZ) is a famous classic traditional Chinese medicine compound prescription for the treatment of depression and has a good clinical effect. However, its specific components and molecular mechanisms are still unclear. The chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse model was employed in this study, and the antidepressant effect of GMZ was evaluated via behavioral and serum corticosterone level assessment.