Inhibition of protein kinase R suppresses HIV replication and integration in CD4 T cells.

Evaluation of CD4 T cell status in early HIV infection is critical for developing strategies targeting HIV replication. In this study, we infected CD4 T cells with HIV-1 and investigated the cell survival mechanisms in HIV-infected versus uninfected cells during early HIV infection. Notably, HIV-infected CD4 T cells exhibited elevated levels of phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha (p-eIF2α) compared to uninfected cells.

Integrating multiple machine learning approaches with Mendelian randomization to unveil the effects of BMI-mediated matrix metalloproteinase 3 levels on hearing.

This study aimed to investigate the genetic mechanism of the levels of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3)-induced hearing impairment and whether BMI mediates their causal relationship by using Mendelian randomization (MR) and machine learning. This research employed aggregated GWAS data from the IEU (Integrative Epidemiology Unit) database for MR and Bayesian Weighted Mendelian Randomization (BWMR) analysis, to uncover the causal association between MMP-3 levels and hearing, along with a potential mediating factor BMI. Inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR Egger, Weighted median, simple mode, and Weighted mode approaches were utilized, and multi-effect testing and heterogeneity testing were conducted.

Automated Data Harmonization in Clinical Research: Natural Language Processing Approach.

Background: Integrating data is essential for advancing clinical and epidemiological research. However, because datasets often describe variables (eg, demographic and health conditions) in diverse ways, the process of integrating and harmonizing variables from research studies remains a major bottleneck.

Objective: The objective was to assess a natural language processing-based method to automate variable harmonization to achieve a scalable approach to integration of multiple datasets.

Adaptability of Foxtail Millet Varieties Based on Photosynthetic Performance and Agronomic Traits.

As a strategic crop of dry farming in northern China, the photosynthetic characteristics and stress resistance of foxtail millet ( L.) are crucial to yield formation. This study aimed to explore the physiological characteristics of various foxtail millet varieties and screen high-efficiency varieties adapted to semi-arid climates.

Lnc-THAP7-AS1 suppresses the ovarian cancer progression by targeting miR-92b-5p/fatty acid 2-hydroxylase signal axis.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) ranks among the most lethal gynecological malignancies. Research has highlighted long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as promising novel molecular targets for cancer therapy. This study endeavors to identify novel lncRNAs, elucidate their specific roles, and unravel their regulatory mechanism in OC development.

Allogeneic CD19-targeting T cells for treatment-refractory systemic lupus erythematosus: a phase 1 trial.

Commercial autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapies are effective in B cell malignancies and autoimmune diseases but are limited by personalized manufacturing, high costs and the risk from random chimeric antigen receptor insertion into the genome. To overcome these challenges, we developed YTS109, a hypoimmune allogeneic T cell product engineered using CRISPR-Cas9 to knock out TRAC, PD1, HLA-A, HLA-B and CIITA, with a CD19-targeting synthetic TCR and antigen receptor (STAR) precisely integrated into the TRAC locus to enable physiological, TCR-like signaling. As part of a multi-disease cohort trial, this article includes all enrolled five patients with severe, refractory systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complicated by lupus nephritis, who received lymphodepletion followed by YTS109 at 3 × 10 STAR⁺ T cells per kg body weight.

Post-PKS Tailoring of Phoslactomycins Involving Two Cytochrome P450s.

Combining and approaches, we elucidated the phoslactomycin post-PKS tailoring pathway in . Gene inactivation of - revealed seven phoslactomycin derivatives (four novel). Two cytochrome P450s were identified: PnT3 (mediating dual-site, multistep C-8/C-25 oxidation) and PnT7 (catalyzing C-18 hydroxylation).

Dual-network hyaluronic acid hydrogel incorporating FGF21 and layered black phosphorus nanosheets for anti-ferroptosis therapy in spinal cord injury.

Ferroptosis-induced oxidative stress triggers mitochondrial damage in spinal cord injury (SCI), impairing residual neuronal function and driving microglial M1 polarization. Regulating neuronal mitochondrial function is an urgent problem in the field of tissue engineering. To address this, an injectable dual-network hyaluronic acid/black phosphorus (BP)/ fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) composite hydrogel (ADBF) is explored, and the successful application of this functional hydrogel in SCI repair is demonstrated.

Systemic Immune-Inflammatory Index and Systemic Inflammatory Response Index in the Assessment of Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome Caused by Wasp Stings.

Objective: This study aims to assess the prognosis of patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) caused by wasp stings by analyzing early systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) values.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 151 patients admitted to the Department of Emergency Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, from January 2019 to December 2023. Among them, 60 patients developed MODS and 91 patients did not (non-MODS group).

Influence of six teaching methods on critical thinking ability of nursing students: a protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Introduction: To enhance nursing students' critical thinking abilities, numerous educators have explored alternative teaching methods. While meta-analyses have confirmed that various approaches are effective in developing critical thinking, consensus regarding their comparative effectiveness remains elusive. Furthermore, few investigations have directly contrasted the outcomes across these methods, highlighting the necessity to undertake a comprehensive evaluation of their impact on nursing students' critical thinking skills.

diffMIN: Reconstructing Sample-Specific Differential Gene Regulatory Networks Based on Mutual Information.

Gene regulatory mechanisms are pivotal in the study of biological systems. Sample-specific networks (SSNs) have recently proven highly effective in scrutinizing diverse biological processes more precisely. Utilizing SSNs as features for clustering, personalized diagnosis, and treatment has gained increasing significance, surpassing the conventional reliance on differential gene expression.

Additive with Multinary Interactions to Perovskite Precursor Species for Catalyzed Crystallization of Antisolvent-Free α-FAPbI Solar Cells.

Antisolvent-free processes exhibit numerous advantages for fabricating perovskite solar cells (PSCs) while requiring exquisite control of nucleation and crystallization of perovskite film. Without the addition of Cs and Br species, more obstacles are faced for the preferred α-phase pure formamidinium lead triiodide (α-FAPbI) to achieve high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability. In this work, a novel additive, parecoxib (Pr), is proposed, which catalyzes the direct crystallization of α-FAPbI through multinary interactions with the solvate perovskite precursor.

Three-component reaction of isocyanates and 3-aminoacrylates: selective synthesis of -2-aryl-1,2,3-triazoles and hydrazones.

This study presents a novel three-component reaction of nitrogen sources, 3-aminoacrylates and isocyanates, enabling the condition-controlled selective synthesis of -2-aryl 1,2,3-triazoles and polyfunctionalized hydrazones. In this transformation, (NH)Ce(NO) and TBN, in combination with isocyanates, serve as nitrogen sources, replacing conventional hydrazine or diazo reagents. This process involves the construction of two N-N bonds, demonstrating broad substrate compatibility and excellent functional group tolerance.

From biodegradation to biohazard: Polylactic acid microplastics induced rice growth inhibition in agroecosystems.

The increasing use of biodegradable plastics necessitates critical evaluation of their environmental safety. This study investigated the effects of polylactic acid microplastics (PLA-MPs, 0.1-2.

Overexpression of SiGSTU24 enhances salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis.

Background: Soil salinization can lead to reduced soil activity, damage to the plant root system, stunted crop growth and reduced yield. Foxtail millet, an important cereal crop, has high nutritional and economic value but is affected by salt stress during growth. During long-term evolution, foxtail millet has developed various regulatory mechanisms to cope with salt stress.

From Awareness to Action: Addressing Knowledge Barriers and Promoting Herpes Zoster Vaccination in Chinese Rheumatic Disease Patients.

To investigate the knowledge of and attitudes towards herpes zoster (HZ) and its vaccination, as well as the vaccination status of Chinese patients with rheumatic disease. A face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted among patients visiting the Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking University First Hospital from 1 March to 30 April 2024. Information on HZ infection and vaccination status was recorded.

Emission characteristics and formation mechanisms of toluene during anaerobic degradation of cyanobacteria.

Aromatic hydrocarbons have emerged as critical precursors in tropospheric ozone formation and secondary organic aerosol production, drawing significant scientific interest. While anthropogenic emissions and biomass burning remain well-characterized sources, biogenic origins, particularly cyanobacterial blooms, have been increasingly recognized. However, uncertainties persist regarding emission dynamics and formation pathways during algal decomposition.

Innovative strategies: using nontraditional chemical methods to enhance the application of biocontrol agents in post-harvest preservation of agricultural products.

Post-harvest diseases pose a considerable threat to food safety and quality, and there is an urgent need for strong strategies to prevent and control them. In order to manage postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables more efficiently, this review first describes various biocontrol agents (BCAs), including bacterial, fungal, and viral entities, and their basic principles in biocontrol. It then discusses the role of nontraditional chemical approaches, such as chemoinducers, plant extracts, essential oils, microbial metabolites, volatile compounds, and nanotechnology-based approaches, in postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables.

Casein Kinase 2 Regulates the Intrinsic Activity of L-Type Calcium Currents in Cardiomyocytes.

Heart failure is associated with dysregulation in cellular Ca that could involve sarcolemmal L-type Ca currents (LTCCs). Building on previous observations showing that recombinant Ca1.2 channels are upregulated by phosphorylated calmodulin (CaM) variants, the cellular mechanism(s) underlying this posttranslational modification was investigated in cultured cardiomyocytes.

[A Case Report of Coexistence of EGFR and ROS-1 Gene Mutations in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer].

Lung cancer represents one of the most prevalent malignant tumors globally, and its treatment has entered the era of targeted therapy. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation is a common type of genetic mutation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), while c-ros oncogene 1 receptor tyrosine kinase (ROS-1) fusion mutation is a rare mutation site. Currently, there are few case reports on the coexistence of EGFR and ROS-1 gene mutations.

Effects of a positive psychological intervention on psychological states and functional brain imaging of nurses in transition training: a quasi-experimental study.

Objective: To explore the effects of a positive psychological intervention on the psychological state and brain function of trained nurses during the transition period.

Methods: Randomization was used to assign 130 trained nurses to the observation and control groups. The control group underwent routine training, while the observation group underwent a 12-week positive psychological intervention based on the "Three Good Things" program.

Metabolic alterations driven by LDHA in CD8 + T cells promote immune evasion and therapy resistance in NSCLC.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite advancements in treatment, prognosis for patients with advanced stages remains poor. Metabolic reprogramming in the tumor microenvironment, particularly abnormal glycolysis, plays a crucial role in immune evasion and treatment response.

Mild and efficient construction of nitrogen-containing heterocycles from -ethynylbenzaldehydes and anilines.

A mild and transition-metal-free strategy for the synthesis of isoindolin-1-imines and isoquinolinium salts has been developed using -ethynylbenzaldehydes and anilines. HFIP was employed as an effective promoter, facilitating nucleophilic addition and annulation to afford diverse isoindolin-1-imines in good yields. Alternatively, isoquinolinium salts were obtained by addition of ammonium iodide.