[A finite element biomechanical study of anterior transpedicular root screw plate fixation system in the lower cervical spine].

Objective: To establish a two-segment vertebrectomy model using the finite element method, and to measure and compare the biomechanical properties of the lower cervical anterior transpedicular root screw (ATPRS) plate system, lower cervical anterior pedicle screw (ATPS) plate system, and lower cervical anterior cervical locked-plate (ACLP) system on this model.

Methods: CT data of the cervical spine (C-T) from a 34-year-old healthy adult male volunteer were collected. A nonlinear complete model of the lower cervical spine (C-C) was established using Mimics 10.

Comparison of short-term effectiveness between unilateral biportal endoscopic and MED-assisted transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for mild single-segment lumbar spondylolisthesis.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the short-term clinical efficacy of unilateral biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (UBE-TLIF) versus minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) with microendoscopic discectomy (MED) for lumbar spondylolisthesis.

Methods: The patients were divided into MIS-TLIF group and UBE-TLIF group according to the surgical procedures. The two groups were compared in terms of surgery-related parameters, postoperative functional scores and complications.

Mild and efficient construction of nitrogen-containing heterocycles from -ethynylbenzaldehydes and anilines.

A mild and transition-metal-free strategy for the synthesis of isoindolin-1-imines and isoquinolinium salts has been developed using -ethynylbenzaldehydes and anilines. HFIP was employed as an effective promoter, facilitating nucleophilic addition and annulation to afford diverse isoindolin-1-imines in good yields. Alternatively, isoquinolinium salts were obtained by addition of ammonium iodide.

Palladium-Catalyzed "Cut-and-Sew" Reaction of C(sp)-NC: Direct Synthesis of Bulky Nitriles Containing an All-Carbon Quaternary Center.

A palladium-catalyzed carbo-cyanation reaction for synthesizing bulky nitriles with an all-carbon quaternary center via a "cut-and-sew" process of isocyanides is presented. The reaction proceeds through oxidative addition of indole-derived carbonate to Pd(0), followed by decarboxylation, migratory insertion, and the formation of a ketenimine intermediate. A geminate radical pair is formed, leading to radical coupling and the final bulky nitrile product.

Cobalt-Catalyzed Cascade Synthesis of 5-Amino-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-]quinazoline Derivatives via Multiple C-N Bonds Construction.

A cobalt-catalyzed three-component cascade reaction for the synthesis of functionalized 5-amino-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-]quinazoline derivatives is presented. The reaction involves -cyanoaryl isocyanides, azides, and hydrazides, giving products in good to excellent yields. The protocol is highly scalable, as demonstrated by a gram-scale reaction of bioactive CGS-15943, providing a robust, efficient method for synthesizing triazoloquinazoline derivatives and offering significant potential for drug discovery and further modifications.

Nomogram for Deep Vein Thrombosis Prediction Post-Endovascular Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Retrospective Multicenter Observational Study.

Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a frequent complication following endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS), potentially leading to fatal pulmonary embolism (PE). Identifying patients early at high risk for DVT is clinically important. This study developed and validated a nomogram combining laboratory findings and clinical characteristics to predict the risk of lower-extremity DVT after EVT in patients with AIS.

Gasdermin E-mediated intestinal epithelial pyroptosis promotes chemically induced colitis in mice.

Background: Gasdermin E (GSDME) is a newly identified pyroptosis executioner and is upregulated in the intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. However, the effects of epithelial GSDME on UC remain unknown.

Methods: Bone marrow chimera experiments were performed to investigate the role of GSDME in nonhematopoietic cells, mainly including IECs.

Palladium-catalyzed cascade cyclization of isocyanides with di-(-iodophenyl)sulfonylguanidines: access to heterocyclic fused quinazolines.

A palladium-catalyzed cascade cyclization reaction of di--iodophenyl sulfonylguanidines with isocyanides for the efficient and selective synthesis of 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic fused quinazolines has been developed. Diverse functional groups are well tolerated, and this method has been successfully applied to a larger scale synthesis.

Radical-Initiated Dearomative Annulation of Tryptamine-Derived Isocyanides: Selective Synthesis of CF-Substituted β-Aza-spiroindolines and β-Carbolines.

A mild approach for synthesizing CF-substituted β-aza-spiroindolines and β-carbolines from tryptamine-derived isocyanides via site-selective radical annulations has been reported. The crucial role of C2 substituents in the selective annulation process has been clarified. The approach shows good generality and practical applicability, highlighting its effectiveness and versatility.

High-resolution yeast actin structures indicate the molecular mechanism of actin filament stiffening by cations.

Actin filament assembly and the regulation of its mechanical properties are fundamental processes essential for eukaryotic cell function. Residue E167 in vertebrate actins forms an inter-subunit salt bridge with residue K61 of the adjacent subunit. Saccharomyces cerevisiae actin filaments are more flexible than vertebrate filaments and have an alanine at this position (A167).

CryoEM Workflow Acceleration with Feret Signatures.

Common challenges in cryogenic electron microscopy, such as orientation bias, conformational diversity, and 3D misclassification, complicate single particle analysis and lead to significant resource expenditure. We previously introduced an in silico method using the maximum Feret diameter distribution, the Feret signature, to characterize sample heterogeneity of disc-shaped samples. Here, we expanded the Feret signature methodology to identify preferred orientations of samples containing arbitrary shapes with only about 1000 particles required.

Malignant glaucoma treated by low-dose laser cycloplasty: a 1-year multicenter prospective non-comparative study.

Aim: To report a one-year clinical outcomes of low-dose laser cycloplasty (LCP) among malignant glaucoma patients.

Methods: In this prospective, multicenter, non-comparative clinical study, participants with malignant glaucoma were recruited and underwent LCP at eight ophthalmic centers in China. Patients were followed up at 1wk, 1, 3, 6, and 12mo.

Precise Synthesis of Diastereomers of Spiro-oxindole Derivatives through Dynamic Covalent Transformation.

In this study, [1+2+2] cyclization of tryptamine-derived isocyanides with 3-ylideneoxindoles was systematically investigated. A series of structurally complex spiro-oxindole derivatives were obtained. Characteristic dynamic covalent chemistry was observed and confirmed by experiments and density functional theory calculation.

Adequate nutrient intake mitigate the toxic effects of bromate on the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus.

Bromate is receiving increased attention as a typical disinfection by-product in aquatic environments, but bromate toxicity tests on invertebrate such as Brachionus calyciflorus rotifer are inadequate. In the present study, the long-term toxicity tests on B. calyciflorus were performed during 21 days under the exposure of different bromate concentrations and two algal density conditions.

Integrated Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal the Potential Regulation of Flavonoids in the Production of Embryogenic Cultures during Early Somatic Embryogenesis of Longan ( Lour.).

Embryogenic cultures of longan ( Lour.) contain various metabolites with pharmacological properties that may function in the regulation of somatic embryogenesis (SE). In this study, based on widely targeted metabolomics, 501 metabolites were obtained from the embryogenic calli, incomplete compact proembryogenic cultures, and globular embryos during early SE of longan, among which 41 flavonoids were differentially accumulated during the SE.

Risk factors for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in acute stroke patients following endovascular thrombectomy: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in lower extremities as a common complication of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) has long been studied. However, as the therapeutic options for AIS continue to advance, the pathogenic mechanisms behind DVT may change. Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) has replaced intravenous thrombolysis and become the preferred treatment for AIS patients with large vessel occlusions.

Coupling-Spirocyclization Cascade of Tryptamine-Derived Isocyanides with Iodonium Ylides and Despirocyclization Reactions.

A cobalt(II)-catalyzed coupling-cyclization cascade reaction between tryptamine-derived isocyanides and iodonium ylides is investigated, which allowed for the synthesis of different types of spiroindoline compounds by variation of substituents at the N1- and C2-positions in the indole skeleton. More interesting is that the spiroindoline products could undergo despirocyclization in the presence of amines, enabling efficient construction of enamine compounds.

Bile acids and their receptors: Potential therapeutic targets in inflammatory bowel disease.

Chronic and recurrent inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract caused by a complex interplay between genetics and intestinal dysbiosis are called inflammatory bowel disease. As a result of the interaction between the liver and the gut microbiota, bile acids are an atypical class of steroids produced in mammals and traditionally known for their function in food absorption. With the development of genomics and metabolomics, more and more data suggest that the pathophysiological mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease are regulated by bile acids and their receptors.

Clinical application of a modified predeposit autologous red blood cell apheresis in multistage spinal fusion: a single-center retrospective study.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of predeposit autologous RBC apheresis (PARA) in patients undergoing multilevel spinal fusion surgery.

Methods: A total of 112 patients from January 2020 to June 2022 were divided into two groups according to PARA: the PARA group ( = 51) and the control group ( = 61). The baseline characteristics of the patients, outcomes, transfusion cost, hospitalization cost, length of stay, complications, and changes in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels between the two groups were compared.

NBS-induced intramolecular annulation reactions for the divergent synthesis of fused- and spirocyclic indolines.

An NBS-induced intramolecular annulation of 3-(1-indol-3-yl)--alkoxypropanamide is described. The reactions proceed well and quickly under mild conditions with the help of a base. It was found that C2-substituents on the indole ring in 3-(1-indol-3-yl)--alkoxypropanamide have a great influence upon the reaction.

Synthesis of Azoxy Compounds: from Copper Compounds to Mesoporous Silica-Encaged Ultrasmall Copper Catalysts.

Azoxy compounds have aroused extensive attention due to their unique biological activities, but the chemical synthesis of these compounds often suffers from limitations due to their requirement for stoichiometric oxidants, high costs, and restricted substrate range. Herein, a series of azoxy compounds were constructed via facile coupling reactions by using cost-effective N-methoxyformamide and nitroso compounds over Cu-based catalysts, affording high product yields with excellent tolerance of functional groups. Significantly, the mesoporous silica nanosphere-encapsulated ultrasmall Cu (Cu@MSN) catalyst was developed via a one-pot synthetic method and first used for the synthesis of azoxy compounds.

Influencing factors analysis of adaptability of cancer patients to return-to-work.

Objectives: To clarify the adaptability of cancer patients to return to work and explore its influencing factors.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Settings/participants: From March to October 2021, 283 cancer patients in the follow-up period were recruited from the oncology departments of four secondary and above hospitals and cancer friendship associations in Nantong city using self-developed scale of adaptability to return to work for cancer patients by convenience sampling method.

Divergent Synthesis of Pentacyclic Isoindolinones Enabled by Sequential Insertion of Two Different Isocyanides and Acid Promoted Cyclization of Ketenimines.

A palladium-catalyzed multicomponent reaction involving -bromobenzaldehydes and two different isocyanides was developed to assemble series of isoindolinones with spiroindolenine or azepinoindole skeletons. This sequential insertion reaction features mild conditions, a wide substrate scope, and high efficiency. Preliminary mechanistic study indicated that the difference in steric hindrance between isocyanide components is crucial when regulating the reaction sequence, whereas the ligand also played an important role during the whole process.

MEPSi: A tool for simulating tomograms of membrane-embedded proteins.

The throughput and fidelity of cryogenic cellular electron tomography (cryo-ET) is constantly increasing through advances in cryogenic electron microscope hardware, direct electron detection devices, and powerful image processing algorithms. However, the need for careful optimization of sample preparations and for access to expensive, high-end equipment, make cryo-ET a costly and time-consuming technique. Generally, only after the last step of the cryo-ET workflow, when reconstructed tomograms are available, it becomes clear whether the chosen imaging parameters were suitable for a specific type of sample in order to answer a specific biological question.

Characterization of heterogeneity in nanodisc samples using Feret signatures.

Nanodiscs have become a popular tool in structure determination of membrane proteins using cryogenic electron microscopy and single particle analysis. However, the structure determination of small membrane proteins remains challenging. When the embedded protein is in the same size range as the nanodisc, the nanodisc can significantly contribute to the alignment and classification during the structure determination process.