[Epidemiological characteristics of active pulmonary tuberculosis and application of incidence prediction model in Xi'an from 2013 to 2023].

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of active pulmonary tuberculosis (pulmonary tuberculosis) in Xi'an from 2013 to 2023 and predict the incidence trend of pulmonary tuberculosis in Xi'an by using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) product seasonal models to provide a decision-making basis for tuberculosis prevention and control. The incidence data of pulmonary tuberculosis reported in Xi'an from 2013 to 2023 were collected through the Tuberculosis Information Management System of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The Excel 2016 software was used for descriptive statistical analysis of pulmonary tuberculosis incidence data reported in Xi'an from 2013 to 2023.

Blood plasma proteome-wide association study implicates new proteins in type 2 diabetes mellitus pathogenesis.

The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remain incompletely understood, and the disease continues to impose a substantial burden on global health. In this study, we integrated the data from the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS; N = 898,130) of T2DM with human plasma protein quantitative trait locus (pQTL; N = 53,022) data to conduct the first proteome-wide association study (PWAS) of T2DM. Following Mendelian randomization and colocalization analyses, we identified nine independent putatively causal proteins.

Support measures and demand among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a survey in high-workload provinces of China, 2023.

Objectives: To assess the demands for support measures of healthcare workers (HCWs) in China's high-workload provinces during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify specific needs to make evidence-based recommendations.

Design: Prospective cross-sectional study.

Setting: Conducted in three Chinese provinces characterised by their significant healthcare demands during the pandemic.

Genomic characteristics and antibiotic resistance profiles of monophasic Typhimurium in Shaanxi Province, China.

Introduction: Monophasic Typhimurium, characterized by the absence of phase II flagellar antigens, has become increasingly prevalent as a foodborne pathogen, raising significant public health concerns due to its multidrug resistance. This study investigated the genomic characteristics and antibiotic resistance profiles of the monophasic Typhimurium strains isolated from patients and food sources in Shaanxi Province, China.

Methods: A total of 58 strains were collected between 2020 and 2021, with 4 strains isolated from food and 54 from patients.

Ultrasensitive, Real-Time Detection of Viral Antigens and RNA Enabled by Scalable Graphene-Based FET Sensors for Pathogen Detection: A Case Study on COVID-19.

Herein, a novel and simple electrospray (ES) printing technique was developed for the fabrication of ultrathin graphene layers with precisely controlled nanometer-scale thickness, where graphene oxide (GO) was electrosprayed on wafers and subsequently chemically reduced into reduced GO (rGO). Utilizing that technique, we prepared ultrathin rGO in-plane graphene field-effect transistor (GFET)-based biosensors coupled with a portable prototype measuring system for point-of-care detection of pathogens. We illustrate the use of such prepared GFETs to detect COVID-19, using the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein antigen (N-protein) and genomic viral RNA as detection targets.

PGC7 maintains the pluripotency of F9 embryonic carcinoma cells by promoting Nanog translation.

Primordial germ cell 7 (PGC7) is prominently expressed in primordial germ cells (PGCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs), serving as a pivotal marker for discerning stem cell pluripotency. However, the role of PGC7 in regulating core pluripotency factors remains unclear. In this study, the expression dynamics of PGC7 and pluripotency- associated proteins are systematically evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis.

Pollution characteristics, source analysis, and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric PM2.5: a case study in Xi'an, China.

Air samples were collected at the Lianhu (urban) and Yanta (semi-urban) regions between January 2020 and December 2023 to determine the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Xi'an, which is an important tourist city in China. The concentration of PAHs was ascertained using liquid chromatography. The concentration of ΣPAHs in Xi'an was 0.

The Role of CXCL13 in GC-1 Cell Cycle Arrest Induced by Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Through JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) can induce the cell cycle arrest in spermatogonia, and the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in cell cycle progression, but the specific upstream regulatory mechanisms are not completely clarified. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether CXCL13 regulated the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway to participate in cell cycle arrest after mouse spermatogonia cell line (GC-1) exposure to TiO NPs. The GC-1 cells were treated with TiO NPs at different concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 μg/mL) for 24 h to detect cell viability, cell cycle distribution, CXCL13 protein, JAK2/STAT3 pathway-related proteins, and cell cycle-related proteins.

Cryptic divergence in and evolutionary dynamics of endangered hybrid Picea brachytyla sensu stricto in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Background: The visual similarities observed across various plant groups often conceal underlying genetic distinctions. This occurrence, known as cryptic diversity, underscores the key importance of identifying and understanding cryptic intraspecific evolutionary lineages in evolutionary ecology and conservation biology.

Results: In this study, we conducted transcriptome analysis of 81 individuals from 18 natural populations of a northern lineage of Picea brachytyla sensu stricto that is endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Development of a multiplex droplet digital PCR method for detection and differentiation of mpox virus clades.

Background: The current outbreak of mpox has been declared a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization. However, distinguishing symptoms of mpox virus (MPXV) infection from other orthopoxviruses is atypical, necessitating laboratory confirmatory tests to aid in clinical diagnosis. Therefore, rapid and accurate detection and differentiation of various clades of MPXV are imperative.

Ecological features and insecticide resistance of in Xi'an, a high-risk dengue transmission area in China.

Background: Dengue, a mosquito-borne viral disease, has occurred in many cities in China, and it tends to spread to higher latitudes (Huang et al., 2023). Xi'an, situated in central-west China, has witnessed an increase imported cases in the past few years, raising concerns of local dengue transmission.

Hepatocyte-specific NR5A2 deficiency induces pyroptosis and exacerbates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by downregulating ALDH1B1 expression.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a prevalent chronic disease, yet its exact mechanisms and effective treatments remain elusive. Nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 2 (NR5A2), a transcription factor closely associated with cholesterol metabolism in the liver, has been hindered from comprehensive investigation due to the lethality of NR5A2 loss in cell lines and animal models. To elucidate the role of NR5A2 in NASH, we generated hepatocyte-specific knockout mice for Nr5a2 (Nr5a2) and examined their liver morphology across different age groups under a regular diet.

Comparative analysis shows high level of lineage sorting in genomic regions with low recombination in the extended species complex.

•Phylogenomic analysis uncovers widespread discordance in the extended complex.•Introgression (54.99%) and incomplete lineage sorting (ILS; 33.

Hepatitis B virus infection and vaccination among people who use drugs in Xi'an, China.

Background: While hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in children has declined dramatically in China due to the vaccination strategy for newborns, HBV infection in high-risk adults is receiving an increasing attention. The number of people who use drugs (PWUD) in China is huge, but their status of HBV infection and vaccination is less reported, especially from large samples. The related knowledge can help decision makers develop the further strategy of HBV prevention and control.

School Bullying Victimization and Depression Symptoms in Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Internet Addiction and Moderating Role of Living Areas.

School bullying and depression are both serious social and public health problems among adolescents. Prior studies indicated a correlation between bullying and depression. However, the potential moderators remain largely unexplored.

Combined healthy lifestyles and risk of depressive symptoms: A baseline survey in China.

Background: Little evidence exists about whether a combination of healthy lifestyle factors is associated with a lower risk of depressive symptoms among Chinese population. We aimed to investigate the association between combined healthy lifestyle factors and risk of depressive symptoms.

Methods: We conducted a baseline survey from July 2021 to December 2023, including 53,642 Chinese adults from general population.

Understanding the influence of cytokines in intrauterine hepatitis B transmission: A cross-sectional study in China.

Cytokines may related to intrauterine Hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission. 205 HBsAg(+) pregnant cases and 74 HBsAg(-) women were included. Neonatal blood samples were taken within 24 h of delivery and before HBV vaccinations.

Coprococcus protects against high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice.

Aims: The incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing annually, leading to substantial medical and health burdens. Numerous studies have demonstrated the potential effectiveness of intestinal probiotics as a treatment strategy for NAFLD. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify a probiotic for the treatment of NAFLD.

Modulation of Ras signaling pathway by exosome miRNAs in T-2 toxin-induced chondrocyte injury.

This study aims to investigate the impact of T-2 toxin on the regulation of downstream target genes and signaling pathways through exosome-released miRNA in the development of cartilage damage in Kashin-Beck disease (KBD). Serum samples from KBD patients and supernatant from C28/I2 cells treated with T-2 toxin were collected for the purpose of comparing the differential expression of exosomal miRNA using absolute quantitative miRNA-seq. Target genes of differential exosomal miRNAs were identified using Targetscan and Miranda databases, followed by GO and KEGG enrichment analyses.