Bone marrow immune remodeling in depression: TNF/NF-κB mediated leukocyte redistribution and construction of an interpretable predictive model.

Environmental stress contributes to the development of depression through neuro-immune interactions, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms and associated clinical diagnostic biomarkers remain unclear. We established a psychosocial stress mouse model and systematically investigated the immune dysregulation induced by stress through integrated analysis of blood cell profiles, leukocyte transcriptomics, protein-protein interaction networks, single-cell RNA sequencing, and targeted pharmacological intervention. Additionally, we constructed and validated a depression predictive model using multiparametric peripheral blood data and machine learning, and assessed feature importance using the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis.

Butyric acid and valeric acid attenuate stress-induced ferroptosis and depressive-like behaviors by suppressing hippocampal neuroinflammation.

Background: Depression is closely associated with stress-induced hippocampal damage and dysfunction. Emerging evidence demonstrates that the gut microbiota and its metabolites, acting as probiotics or prebiotics, can modulate brain structure and function via the gut-brain axis, thereby offering therapeutic potential for ameliorating related neurological and psychiatric disorders. This study delves into the contribution of the gut microbiota and its metabolites to stress-induced ferroptosis of hippocampal neurons and the associated molecular pathways.

A chromosome-level genome assembly of Sarcophaga princeps Wiedemann, 1830 (Diptera: Sarcophagidae).

Sarcosaprophagous insects play a pivotal role in forensic entomology, particularly in estimation of the postmortem interval (PMI). Among them, Sarcophaga princeps Wiedemann, 1830 (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), demonstrates distinct ecological traits such as larviposition and the ability to colonize buried remains. Even so, it has been hard to learn more about its molecular biology since a high-quality genome assembly is missing.

Breast Cancer in Working-Age Men: A Population-Based Investigation of Global, Regional, and National Disease Burdens Between 1990 and 2021.

Background: The breast cancer (BC) disease burden in working-age men was investigated between 1990 and 2021.

Methods: Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs), prevalence rates ASPRs), and death rates (ASDRs), as well as age-standardized disability-adjusted life years rate (DALYs) on global, regional, and national levels between 1990 and 2021, were determined to assess the BC disease burden in working-age men (aged 15-64 years), together with risk factor and health inequality analyses.

Results: Globally, the ASIR, ASPR, ASDR, and age-standardized DALY rate in 2021 were 0.

Spatiotemporal dynamics of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid gene expression and co-expression networks during Papaver Somniferum developmental stages.

Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) are essential secondary metabolites produced by Papaver somniferum, widely recognized for their pharmaceutical importance. This study employs transcriptome sequencing and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to investigate the spatiotemporal expression patterns and regulatory networks of BIA-related genes across developmental stages and organs. A total of 23 co-expression modules were identified, revealing stage- and organ-specific dynamics in BIA biosynthesis.

Genetic Formation of Neolithic Hongshan People and Demic Expansion of Hongshan Culture Inferred From Ancient Human Genomes.

The Hongshan culture, situated at the crossroads of northern and northeast China, represented one of the earliest complex societies in Neolithic East Asia. The remains of Hongshan culture have been found in an area stretching from today's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to Liaoning Province, covering an area of over 200,000 square kilometers. However, the question of how Hongshan culture occupied such a vast geographical location, following either the demic diffusion (i.

Uphold Fundamental Principles and Break New Ground and Work Persistently to Build a First-Class Forensic Medicine Discipline.

The construction of first-class universities and disciplines is a major strategic initiative of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council, and an important task for building a world-class higher education powerhouse. Forensic medicine was officially listed as a first-level discipline under the medical category in 2022, presenting unprecedented historical opportunities for the development of forensic medicine. Facing this significant strategic opportunity, this paper sorts out the disciplinary system of forensic medicine, carries out forward-looking planning for the development of the discipline, and looks forward to the development vision of the discipline: (1) Establish an organically connected three-stage forensic medicine talent training system to cultivate applied and innovative talents that meet the needs of China's socialist modernization construction; (2) Establish a unified standardized forensic practice qualification examination system, organically connect talent training with professional qualification examination, and optimize the professional development path of forensic medicine; (3) Widely intersect, integrate and transform forensic medicine with other multiple disciplines, expand and enrich the second- and third-level disciplinary systems of forensic medicine, and build a world-class forensic medicine discipline with Chinese characteristics.

Trends in the global, national, and regional burden of breast cancer among adolescents and young adults from 1990 to 2021: Analyses of the 2021 global burden of disease study.

Background: This study was devised to evaluate the burden of breast cancer (BC) among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) between 1990 and 2021.

Methods: BC burden among AYAs (15-39 years of age) was analyzed by examining the associated age-standardized incidence rate, age-standardized prevalence rate, age-standardized death rate, and age-standardized disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rates between 1990 and 2021 at the global, national, and regional levels, together with corresponding analyses of health inequality and decomposition analyses.

Results: In 2021, the respective global age-standardized incidence rate, age-standardized prevalence rate, age-standardized death rate, and age-standardized DALYs for BC were 5.

Mature tertiary lymphoid structures evoke intra-tumoral T and B cell responses via progenitor exhausted CD4 T cells in head and neck cancer.

Tumor tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS), especially mature TLS (mTLS), have been associated with better prognosis and improved responses to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, by performing single-cell RNA, antigen receptor sequencing and spatial transcriptomics on tumor tissue from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients with different statuses of TLS, we observe that mTLS are enriched with stem-like T cells, and B cells at various maturation stages. Notably, progenitor exhausted CD4 T cells, with features resembling follicular helper T cells, support these responses, by activating B cells to produce plasma cells in the germinal center, and interacting with DC-LAMP dendritic cells to support CD8 T cell activation.

Higher risk of metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents and polymorphisms in the fat mass and obesity-associated gene: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The relationship between polymorphisms in fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) and the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been explored among children and adolescents, but the results are inconsistent and inconclusive.

Methods: Electronic databases including Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, and Google Scholar were searched for eligible studies, and data were extracted from each study. Standardized mean differences were calculated to examine the differences in the components of MetS between FTO genotypes.

Dynamic changes in the gut microbiota play a critical role in age-associated cognitive dysfunction via SCFAs and LPS synthesis metabolic pathways during brain aging.

Background: Gut microbiota plays an essential role in cognitive dysfunction during aging. The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamic alterations in the gut microbiota and screen for key gut bacterial taxa correlated with age-associated cognitive dysfunction during natural aging.

Methods: 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to determine the composition of the gut microbiota in faecal samples from SAMR1 and SAMP8 mice, cognitively normal controls (NC), and patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).

Genome-wide characterization of circular RNAs in three rat models of pulmonary hypertension reveals distinct pathological patterns.

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a devastating disease marked by elevated pulmonary artery pressure, resulting in right ventricular (RV) failure and mortality. Despite the identification of several dysregulated genes in PH, the involvement of circular RNAs (circRNAs), a subset of long noncoding RNAs, remains largely unknown.

Methods: In this study, high-throughput RNA sequencing was performed to analyze the genome-wide expression patterns of circRNAs in pulmonary arteries from three models of PH rats induced by hypoxia (Hyp), hypoxia/Sugen5416 (HySu), and monocrotaline (MCT).

Construction of the time since deposition (TsD) model in saliva stains with 16S rRNA full-length sequencing technology and microbial markers.

Determining the time since deposition (TsD) and sex of saliva stains is crucial for revealing the time of the crime's occurrence and clarifying the nature of the crime. This process not only shortens the time required to solve the case but also helps narrow down the scope of investigation, thereby enhancing the efficiency of case resolution. Currently, the forensic study of the microbial composition in long-term saliva stains remains a relatively underexplored field.

Xihuang pill suppresses breast cancer malignancy by inhibiting TGF-β signaling and acquires chemotherapy benefits.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Breast cancer (BC) has an extremely high global incidence rate. The Xihuang pill (XHP), a traditional Chinese formula, originates from Hongxu Wang's "Life-Saving Manual of Diagnosis and Treatment of External Diseases" written during the Qing Dynasty. In this book, XHP, was first suggested as an anticancer treatment for BC.

The Impact of Selenium Deficiency and T-2 Toxin on Zip6 Expression in Kashin-Beck Disease.

This study investigated the expression of Zip6, a gene predominantly located in the placenta, breast, and prostate tissues, in patients with Kashin-Beck disease (KBD). Environmental risk factor models for KBD were developed using low selenium (Se) feeding (with a Se content of 0.02 mg Se/kg in the feed) and exposure to T-2 toxin (200 ng/g*BW/D).

Dysfunction of Calcyphosine-Like gene impairs retinal angiogenesis through the MYC axis and is associated with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy.

Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is a severe genetic disorder characterized by incomplete vascularization of the peripheral retina and associated symptoms that can lead to vision loss. However, the underlying genetic causes of approximately 50% of FEVR cases remain unknown. Here, we report two heterozygous variants in calcyphosine-like gene () that is associated with FEVR.

Ir-Doped Core-Shell Hollow Heterogeneous Nanospindles for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

By utilizing Metal-organic framework (MOF) materials as a base, constructing electrocatalysts with heterogeneous structures offers advantages for catalyzing water splitting. In this study, a hollow heterogeneous nanocatalyst, Ir-MIL-88A@NiFe-LDHs, was prepared by growing a layered double hydroxides (LDHs) shell on MIL-88A substrate. The catalyst shows excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance in a 1.

Dysregulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling confers resistance to cuproptosis in cancer cells.

Cuproptosis is characterized by the aggregation of lipoylated enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and subsequent loss of iron-sulfur cluster proteins as a unique copper-dependent form of regulated cell death. As dysregulation of copper homeostasis can induce cuproptosis, there is emerging interest in exploiting cuproptosis for cancer therapy. However, the molecular drivers of cancer cell evasion of cuproptosis were previously undefined.

Application of a newly constructed NGS panel with 45 X-linked microhaplotypes demonstrates the unique value of X-MH for kinship testing and mixture analysis.

X-linked microhaplotypes (X-MHs) have the potential to be a valuable supplementary tool in complex kinship identification or the resolution of DNA mixtures, because they bring together the distinctive genetic pattern of X chromosomal markers and the benefits of microhaplotypes (MHs). In this study, we used the 1000 Genome database to screen and select 63 X-MHs; 18 MHs were filtered out though a batch sequencing assessment of the DNA samples collected from 112 unrelated Chinese Han individuals. The resulting 45-plex panel performed well in comprehensive assessments including repeatability, sensitivity, species specificity, resistance to PCR inhibitors or degradation, mutation rate, and accuracy in detecting DNA mixture samples.