Multifunctional gold nanoclusters as next-generation theranostic platforms for disease management.

Gold nanoclusters (GNCs), typically consisting of a few to a few hundred gold atoms with a core size below 3 nm, have emerged as revolutionary nanomaterials due to their diverse and tunable molecule-like properties, high photostability, and excellent biocompatibility. These advantages establish GNCs as next-generation theranostic platforms for precise nanomedicine applications. In this review, we summarize the typical synthesis methodologies, focus on their latest cutting-edge applications in disease management, including bioimaging, sensing, drug delivery, cancer, and other diseases.

Top-Down Fabricated Wood-Derived Pressure and Strain Sensors: A Review.

As the most abundant and renewable natural resource on earth, wood has been widely used in daily life and industry since ancient times owing to its low cost, facile processability, and environmental sustainability. In recent years, advanced wood-based materials have rapidly emerged/developed, among which wood-derived pressure/strain sensors have attracted attention. To date, most reviews on wood-based sensors have focused on bottom-up strategies, while relatively few have explored the top-down approach.

Investigation on the Underlying Mechanisms of the Mechanical and Electrical Enhancement of Nano-SiO-Doped Epoxy Resins: A Molecular Simulation Study.

As a key insulating material in power equipment, epoxy resins (EP) are often limited in practical applications due to space charge accumulation and mechanical degradation. This study systematically investigates the effects of SiO nanoparticle doping on the electrical and mechanical properties of SiO/EP composites through molecular dynamics simulations and first-principles calculations. The results demonstrate that SiO doping enhances the mechanical properties of EP, with notable improvements in Young's modulus, bulk modulus, and shear modulus, while maintaining excellent thermal stability across different temperatures.

Effects of Processing Parameters on the Structure and Mechanical Property of PVDF/BN Nanofiber Yarns.

The increasing demand for light and comfort smart wearable devices has promoted the cross-integration of textile technology with nanomaterials and nanotechnology. As a potential candidate with excellent piezoelectricity, PVDF has been processed into different forms used for flexible sensors but shows limited practicality due to their discomfort and stiffness from non-yarn level. In this study, PVDF/BN nanofiber yarns (NFYs) were successfully fabricated via conjugated electrospinning.

Microstructural Design of 3D Intertwined Biomimetic Composite Fibers for Functional Smart Textiles in Energy Storage.

Supercapacitors, renowned for their long lifespan, high power density, and rapid charge/discharge capabilities, are essential for next-generation energy storage systems. Fiber-based fabric supercapacitors present a promising solution for wearable and portable applications due to their flexibility and integrability. However, the introduction of fillers or bridging agents in fiber electrodes, along with their inherently limited dimensions, often compromises electrical conductivity and specific surface area, resulting in reduced energy density.

Sources, Distribution, and Health Risks of Heavy Metal Contamination in the Tongren Mercury Mining Area: A Case Study on Mercury and Cadmium.

This study assessed heavy metal contamination and associated health risks in soils and crops in the vicinity of a mercury mine located in Tongren, Guizhou Province, China, focusing on mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), lead (Pb), and chromium (Cr). The study used the Index of Geological Accumulation (Igeo) and Health Risk Assessment (HRA) to quantify the level of contamination and assess the potential risks. The results showed that Area I was the most severely contaminated, with 94.

Recent Progress of Stereolithography-Based Additive Manufactured Electrodes for Supercapacitors: Materials, Structures, Performance, and Perspectives.

Stereolithography-based additive manufacturing techniques, leveraging their superior capability for high-precision fabrication of 3D structures with well-defined periodicity and complex geometries, have unlocked unprecedented opportunities in constructing architecturally engineered 3D electrodes for advanced supercapacitors. Over the past few years, a series of groundbreaking achievements in stereolithography-based additive manufactured 3D structural electrodes have been successively reported, fostering a comprehensive understanding of recent advances and a strategic re-evaluation of future research direction. In this review, the latest representative progress in stereolithography-based additive manufactured electrodes for supercapacitors, covering ceramic-based electrodes, carbon-based electrodes, resin-based electrodes, and carbon-ceramic-based electrodes, is first summarized.

Significantly Large Negative Ion Formation in Grazing Scattering of Neutral Deuterium and Tritium Atoms from a CsI(100) Surface.

We present the theoretical evidence of the formation of significantly large fractions of negative ions during grazing scattering of deuterium (D) and tritium (T) atoms from a CsI(100) surface. The negative ion conversion efficiency increases to an impressive ≥50%, and the maximum value even reaches 86% and 82% within projectile velocity ranges of ∈ [0.15,0.

Ultra-Stretchable Helical Fiber Sensor Based on Electromagnetic Induction for Real-Time Human-Machine Interaction.

Fiber-based sensors, owing to their high flexibility, excellent breathability, and ease of integration into everyday clothing, have the potential to serve as a novel type of wearable electronic device. This paper presents a helical strain-sensing fiber using electromagnetic induction, made from Ecoflex and magnetic nanoparticles. It achieves up to 2485% strain and maintains stable voltage output (max 90 μV) over 2000 cycles.

Cattail fiber-inspired hybrid cellulose aerogel with hierarchically structure for wastewater treatment and thermal insulation.

Cattail fiber is a promising natural absorbent for oil pollution and water purification. In this study, we employed a novel strategy to prepare an ultralight, sustainable, and reusable absorbent from natural cattail fiber via simple physical bonding and freeze-drying. The method introduced natural agriculture plant cattail fibers into cellulose nanofibers, through which fibers entanglement and bonding to achieve aerogels with stable porous skeleton.

Enhancing surface electromyographic signal recognition accuracy for trans-radial amputees using broad learning systems.

Gesture recognition based on surface electromyography (sEMG) plays a crucial role in human-computer interaction. By analyzing sEMG signals generated from residual forearm muscle activity in trans-radial amputees, it is possible to predict their hand movement intentions, enabling the control of myoelectric prostheses. Previous studies on gesture classification for trans-radial amputees have shown that as the number of hand movement types increases, the accuracy of gesture classification significantly decreases.

Modulating Local Electron Density in NDI-Based CPs to Accelerate Photoinduced Electron Transfer for Ultrafast Violet Light Detection.

Realizing rapid photoinduced electron transfer (PET) in donor-acceptor (D-A) systems is crucial. The relative energy levels of donors and acceptors, as well as the local electron density, are two important factors determining the rate of photoinduced electron transfer in donor-acceptor (D-A) systems. However, systematic studies on the structure-functional relationship regarding the local electron density factor, based on precise structural models are rarely reported.

Transport properties of nanoconfined fluids: A review.

The diffusion coefficient, viscosity, and thermal conductivity of fluids serve as the primary metrics for characterizing mass, momentum, and heat transfer. However, these transport properties exhibit significant deviations from those of bulk fluids when confined in nanoscale environments. In this work, we present a comprehensive overview of the transport properties of nanoconfined fluids (NCFs) with a focus on simple confinement systems and water by integrating findings from previous and recent researches.

Electric dipole resonance-driven terahertz broadband absorber with wide-angle and dynamic tunability.

To address the challenges of limited bandwidth and structural complexity in terahertz absorbers, this study proposes a vanadium dioxide (VO)-based broadband terahertz (THz) absorber driven by electric dipole resonance. The device achieves broadband absorption exceeding 90% within 3.55-9.

UK-YOLOv10: Deep Learning-Based Detection of Surgical Instruments.

Background: Accurate detection of surgical instruments is essential for robot-assisted surgery. Existing methods face challenges in both accuracy and real-time performance, limiting their clinical applicability.

Methods: We propose UK-YOLOv10, a novel framework that integrates two innovations: the uni-fusion attention module (UFAM) for enhanced multi-scale feature representation, and the C2fKAN module, which employs KAN convolution to improve classification accuracy and accelerate training.

A PatchTST-GRU based heterogeneous seq2seq model with numerical weather prediction refinement for multi-step wind power forecasting.

The efficient utilization of wind energy relies on accurate wind power forecasting. However, existing methods face challenges in multi-step forecasting, including error accumulation, insufficient utilization of numerical weather prediction (NWP), and inadequate modeling of localized meteorological characteristics. To address these issues, this paper proposes a heterogeneous sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) model based on PatchTST-GRU, integrated with NWP refinement.

Text intelligent correction in English translation: A study on integrating models with dependency attention mechanism.

Improving translation quality and efficiency is one of the key challenges in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). This study proposes an enhanced model based on Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), combined with a dependency self-attention mechanism, to automatically detect and correct textual errors in the translation process. The model aims to strengthen the understanding of sentence structure, thereby improving both the accuracy and efficiency of error correction.

Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose-based gel fabric with fluorescent warning for fire rescue.

A multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose-based gel fabric with fluorescent warning, motion sensing, and flame retardant protection was fabricated by crosslinking copolymerization and freeze-drying strategy. During the formation of multifunctional gel fabric, hydrogen-, coordination-, chemical- bonds, and abundant network structures were generated. These synergies give multifunctional fabrics reliable and durable flame retardant, fluorescent, and mechanical properties.

Effect of Ni and Fe Doping Levels on the Nano Core-Shell Structure LaNiFeO@CeO Double Perovskite Type Composite Catalysts for Dry Reforming of Methane Performance.

Dry reforming of methane (DRM) used two greenhouse gases (CO and CH) as reactants to produce hydrogen and syngas, which is considered to be an effective means to address the greenhouse effect. In this paper, a series of nano core-shell structure LaNiFeO@CeO composite catalysts with Ni and Fe double regulation at the B-site were prepared by the sol-gel method and applied to the DRM reaction. The experimental results showed that the addition of the Ni ion at the B position of double perovskite can boost the active sites on the prepared catalyst surface and thereby promote the activation and decomposition of reactants.

sp/sp-Hybridized nitrogen-mediated electrochemical CO capture and utilization.

Electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO) capture and utilization, powered by renewable energy, are essential to achieving net-zero emissions and CO valorization. While remarkable progress has been made in catalysts, solution design, and system engineering, recent breakthroughs reveal that nitrogen-containing molecules-specifically sp-hybridized structures (e.g.

Do males and females with matched body size/composition possess comparable physiological and perceptual responses in transient neutral-cool environments?

Females have been found to react differently to temperature changes than males. In this study, we recruited 19 healthy young adults (9 males and 10 females) of comparable body size (height, body mass, skeletal muscle, and fat mass) to see if their thermophysiological and perceptual responses to stepwise cooling (from 24 °C to 20 °C and then to 16 °C, stepwise cooling: 4 °C/h) were similar. Perceptual responses (thermal sensation, thermal comfort, thermal pleasure, and thermal satisfaction) and physiological indicators (thyroid and sex hormone levels, metabolic rate, skin temperature, forearm-finger skin temperature gradient and core temperature) were recorded and compared.

Robust and stable TiO/AlO-SiO membrane with enhanced flux and antifouling performance for organic dye removal.

AlO-SiO membranes were modified with a titanium source, tetrabutyl orthotitanate (TBOT), using the sol-gel method to prepare TiO/AlO-SiO composite membranes, whose performance was tested with various ionic dyes. The membrane with = 0.15 exhibited the best filtration performance, considering the rejection and membrane flux.

Preparation and Performance of PAN/PS/PMMA Ternary Blend-Modified Fiber Membranes via Centrifugal Spinning for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Addressing the issues of poor thermal resistance in conventional polyolefin separators and the low production efficiency of electrospinning, this study innovatively employed high-efficiency centrifugal spinning technology to fabricate a ternary blended modified fiber membrane composed of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polystyrene (PS), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). By precisely adjusting the polymer ratio (8:2:2) and fine-tuning the spinning process parameters, a separator with a three-dimensional network structure was successfully produced. The research results indicate that the separator exhibited excellent overall performance, with a porosity of 75.

Multimodal Wearable Sensing for Biomechanics and Biomolecules Enabled by the M-MPM/VCFs@Ag Interface with Machine Learning Pipeline.

The addition sensing device of sweat to wearable biostress sensors would eliminate the need for using multiple gadgets for healthcare analysis. Due to the distinct package fashion of sensor interface for biostress and biomolecule, achieving permeability and multifunctionality in an integrated wearable sensor remains a formidable challenge. Here, a viscose fabrics (VCFs)@silver (Ag) sensing material and encapsulating strategy by multi-microporous membranes (M-MPM) are developed, and simultaneous detection for muscle strain and molecule biomarkers in sweat (glucose, lactate, uric acid) is realized.

Study on the Secondary Cathodic Deposition Modification and Properties of Anodic Oxidation Coating on 6061 Aluminum Alloy.

This paper proposes a method for preparing a ceramic-metal composite coating by using different concentrations of HPO as an etching solution to etch the hard anodized aluminum oxide coating and modify it by cathode deposition of Ni. This method successfully solves the problem of low hardness and poor wear resistance of the hard anodized aluminum coating. The bonding effect between the hard anodized aluminum coating and the Ni layer after etching with different concentrations of HPO was systematically studied, and friction, corrosion and coating bonding tests were carried out.