Long-lasting ultraviolet-A persistent luminescence in SrMg(PO):Ce,A (A = Li, Na, K) phosphors by X-rays rapid charging.

UVA persistent luminescent materials have potential applications in energy-saving catalysis and photodynamic therapy. However, the charging time required for existing materials is too long, which restricts their efficiency. We developed novel UVA persistent luminescent phosphors SrMg(PO):Ce and SrMg(PO):Ce,A (A = Li, Na, K) which can be charged rapidly by X-rays.

Multilevel white matter degeneration associated cognitive dysfunction in mild cognitive impairment.

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), the prodromal stage of dementia, is characterized by cognitive dysfunction and white matter (WM) disruption. To investigate the WM microstructure degeneration at different scales in MCI, the orientation-sensitive fixel-based analysis was performed with fixelwise, fiberwise fiber-specific measures in 50 patients with MCI compared to 75 healthy controls. Moreover, to clarify the patterns of the organization operating at different scales in MCI, the potential mediated effects of structural connectome in networkwise on the associations between microstructure alterations of 24 anatomical tracts and cognitive dysfunction were analyzed.

Dual-luminescent Sc(MoO):Dy/Eu phosphor system: energy transfer dynamics and high-sensitivity temperature sensing.

A series of Dy/Eu co-doped Sc(MoO) (SMO) phosphors were synthesized a conventional solid-state reaction. Phase purity and morphology were characterized by X-ray diffraction with Rietveld refinement and scanning electron microscopy, confirming the formation of phase-pure orthorhombic crystals. The electronic structure was investigated through density functional theory calculations combined with diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.

Role of CclA Loss in Parametarhizium changbaiense in Enhancing Priming Resistance of Mung Bean Against Damping Off Induced by Rhizoctonia solani.

Rhizoctonia solani is a soil-borne pathogen causing destructive diseases on various economically important crops. Beneficial plant and fungus interactions are well acknowledged to enhance plant resistance to biotic stresses. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, especially the contribution of fungal epigenetic regulation remains poorly understood.

Nonvolatile PCM-driven photonic computing using programmable sub-wavelength digital metasurfaces.

We present a programmable nonvolatile convolutional core based on sub-wavelength phase-change digital meta-surfaces, designed to enable energy-efficient and scalable optical computing. Utilizing sub-wavelength SbSe cylindrical arrays, the kernel achieves enhanced weight distinguishability, reduced insertion loss, and fine-tuned multi-level reconfigurability, addressing the requirements of optical neural networks (ONNs). Experimental results further demonstrate a weight range from 0.

Predicting recurrence and recurrence-free survival in initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a novel nomogram for patients undergoing conversion hepatectomy with lenvatinib, PD-1 inhibitor, and interventional therapy.

Purpose: This research aims to develop prognostic nomograms to predict tumor recurrence and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in individuals with initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) who were later subjected to conversion hepatectomy following lenvatinib, PD-1 inhibitors, and interventional (LPI) therapy.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of clinical information from 150 individuals diagnosed with HCC who underwent conversion hepatectomy following LPI therapy between November 2019 and December 2024. Independent predictors linked to recurrence and RFS were identified through comprehensive univariate and multivariate analyses, and the identified factors were subsequently integrated into nomogram models.

Machine learning model for predicting in-hospital cardiac mortality among atrial fibrillation patients.

This study developed and validated a machine learning (ML) model to predict in-hospital cardiac mortality in 18,727 atrial fibrillation (AF) patients using electronic medical record data. Four ML algorithms-random forest, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), deep neural network, and logistic regression-were applied to 79 clinical variables, including demographics, vital signs, comorbidities, lifestyle factors, and laboratory parameters. The XGBoost model achieved the best performance, with an area under the curve of 0.

Advances in Pathogen Detection: From Traditional Methods to Nanotechnology, Biosensing and AI Integration.

The rapid and precise detection of pathogenic microbes plays a critical role in the successful diagnosis, management, and containment of infectious diseases. In this review article, we systematically examine the latest technological progress in methodologies for identifying disease-causing microorganisms. These methods are categorized into six major approaches: traditional culture-based techniques, immunological assays, molecular biological methods, metabolic profiling, spectroscopic technologies, and emerging nanotechnology-driven innovations.

Suppression of Charge Recombination by Growth of a TiO Passivation Layer on Ti-Doped Hematite Photoanodes for Boosted Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation.

Hematite (α-FeO) represents a photoelectrode material that holds high potential to realize efficient and stable photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production due to its narrow bandgap for efficient solar absorption and good stability in alkaline electrolytes. However, pure α-FeO has been plagued by its poor conductivity with low carrier mobility and rapid charge recombination, which greatly hinder its photoelectrochemical applications. Herein, a hybrid photoanode is rationally designed by growing an amorphous TiO overlayer on a Ti-doped α-FeO nanorod photoanode to passivate surface states for improved PEC performance.

p-Block Metal-Based Catalysts: Hidden Gems for Hydrogen Peroxide Electrosynthesis.

Electrosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide (HO) via the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) offers a sustainable alternative for the traditional anthraquinone method. p-block metals exhibit unique electronic structures and tunable surface properties, showing great potential in 2e ORR. However, a systematic review focusing on recent progress in p-block metal-based electrocatalysts for HO synthesis is lacking.

Secure set-membership formation of multi-agent systems via an anti-attack control strategy.

Secure leader-following formation for multi-agent systems subject to parameter perturbations and saturation constraints is investigated in this article. To capture the variation of attack behaviors across different stages, a more general DoS attack model is developed using a Markov process with time-varying transition probabilities. Then, a memory-based anti-attack scheme is presented for designing the secure observer-based controller, supplying an effective method to weaken the impact of DoS attacks on formation control.

Analytical validation and sequencing coverage studies suggest that performance of a liquid biopsy assay is tumor agnostic (DNA-is-DNA).

Per regulatory and standard requirements (e.g., Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines, United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) correspondence), analytical validation (AV) for each companion diagnostic (CDx) biomarker should be repeated using a clinical sample set for each cancer type listed as an indication in labelling for a CDx.

Postoperative hepatitis B virus reactivation and its impact on survival in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing conversion therapy with interventional therapy combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation and its impact on postoperative survival in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent conversion therapy. The therapeutic regimen consisted of interventional procedures (hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy [HAIC] and/or transarterial chemoembolization [TACE]) combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed at a single institution involving 91 patients initially unresectable HCC linked to the hepatitis B virus.

Genome-wide characterization of the BBX gene family in perennial ryegrass and functional insights into the potentiality of LpBBX3 in drought and salt tolerance.

B-box (BBX) proteins, a subfamily of zinc-finger transcription factors, play a crucial role in regulating various physiological and developmental processes in plants, as well as in mediating stress responses. However, comprehensive characterization of the BBX gene family in perennial ryegrass has not been performed, and their potential functions in response to abiotic stress remain unclear. In the present study, we systematically identified 26 BBX genes in the perennial ryegrass genome and classified them into five distinct groups based on their phylogenetic relationships.

Microstructural Design of 3D Intertwined Biomimetic Composite Fibers for Functional Smart Textiles in Energy Storage.

Supercapacitors, renowned for their long lifespan, high power density, and rapid charge/discharge capabilities, are essential for next-generation energy storage systems. Fiber-based fabric supercapacitors present a promising solution for wearable and portable applications due to their flexibility and integrability. However, the introduction of fillers or bridging agents in fiber electrodes, along with their inherently limited dimensions, often compromises electrical conductivity and specific surface area, resulting in reduced energy density.

Effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists in atrial fibrillation patients with liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and liver disease, particularly cirrhosis, are frequently excluded from anticoagulation trials, leaving the optimal therapeutic strategy uncertain.

Methods: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in patients with AF and liver disease. We systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medline, and Embase databases for relevant studies published up to November 2024.

Is Prior Cardiac Surgery a Risk Factor for Patients in Aortic Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: The rising global incidence of aortic surgical interventions has increased demand for complex reoperations. However, surgical outcomes between primary aortic surgery (PAS) and repeat sternotomy aortic surgery (RAS) remain poorly characterized. This study was designed to evaluate whether prior cardiac surgery constitutes a risk factor for patients undergoing aortic surgery.

Geographic variation of the sex pheromone of Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) associated with overwintering sites.

The sex pheromone of the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker), in China has always been confusing. It was initially considered as cis-11-hexadecenal (Z11-16:Ald) or cis-11-hexadecenyl acetate (Z11-16:Ac) and cis-11-hexadecenol (Z11-16:OH), as well as a mixture of these compounds. However, inconsistent results have frequently occurred using these compounds or mixtures in field trapping.

Molecular characterization of breast cancer and multiple primary malignancies: the latest application using unmarked quantitative proteomics.

Background: Breast cancer remains the most prevalent malignancy among women, and patients presenting with both breast and lung cancer pose significant challenges in clinical diagnosis and treatment. Currently, comprehensive multi-omics analyses for such multiple malignancies are lacking.

Methods: An integrated multi-omics analysis was performed, incorporating quantitative proteomics and radiomics data from patients with single primary breast cancer as well as those with multiple primary tumors (breast and lung cancer).

The effect of TSPO transmembrane transport-mediated paeonol mitochondrial antioxidant on dexamethasone-induced mitochondrial abnormalities, oxidative stress damage, and apoptosis in SV40-MES-13 cells.

Dexamethasone (DEX) can induce pathological kidney injury but is still a first-line therapeutic agent; thus, elucidating the mechanism of DEX-induced kidney injury and developing targeted therapies to mitigate its effects are imperative. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mitochondrial targeting mechanism of the natural plant compound paeonol on DEX-induced mesangial cell injury. To achieve this, we employed RT q-PCR and Western blot analyses to quantify gene/protein expression, flow cytometry for apoptosis assessment (Annexin V/PI staining) and mtROS detection (MitoSOX Red), JC-1 probe for mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) measurement, and High-sensitivity structured illumination microscopy (HiS-SIM) imaging for ultrastructural analysis.

Atrial cardiopathy and thrombus composition in acute ischemic stroke: histological examination reveals insights into etiology and outcomes.

Introduction: In a subset of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients, particularly those with large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA) and atrial cardiopathy, multiple embolic sources may coexist. Histological analysis of thrombi presents an opportunity for discerning insights into both etiology and prognosis.

Methods: In our investigation, we meticulously examined 97 retrieved thrombi through histological staining and immunohistological techniques.

Therapeutic effects of D-cycloserine in mouse models of IBD and CAC: Targeting NLRP3 inflammasome and intestinal barrier integrity.

D-Cycloserine (DCS), a broad-spectrum antibiotic and NMDA receptor modulator, exhibits immunomodulatory effects beyond its known neurological and antimicrobial functions. This study investigated DCS's therapeutic potential in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using in vitro and in vivo models. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated NCM460 cells, DCS inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and restored tight junction protein expression.

Direct effects of the small molecule PD‑L1 inhibitor BMS‑202 on A375 melanoma cells: Anti‑tumor activity accompanied by increased mitochondrial function.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the direct effects of BMS‑202 on melanoma cells. The small molecule programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‑L1) inhibitor BMS‑202 was used to treat A375 melanoma cells. The cell distribution of BMS‑202 was examined using low‑power and high‑resolution confocal microscopy, focusing on its localization in mitochondria.

A Predictive Model and Scoring System for All-Cause Mortality in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Combined With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.

Background: The high prevalence and mortality rate of combined atrial fibrillation (AF) and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) impose a significant disease burden on public healthcare systems. However, there is currently a lack of risk-assessment tools for all-cause mortality in patients with both AF and OSAS. Therefore, this study utilized clinical data from patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University to establish a predictive model and address this gap.