Evaluating the causal effect of circulating proteome on the risk of Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: an omics pipeline study.

Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have pinpointed a multitude of risk loci associated with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), but it is challenging to decipher novel plasma proteins. To address this, we applied an integrative omics pipeline to uncover novel proteins associated with JIA risk.

Methods: In this research, we utilized an integrative omics method to identify new plasma proteins associated with JIA.

Role of CclA Loss in Parametarhizium changbaiense in Enhancing Priming Resistance of Mung Bean Against Damping Off Induced by Rhizoctonia solani.

Rhizoctonia solani is a soil-borne pathogen causing destructive diseases on various economically important crops. Beneficial plant and fungus interactions are well acknowledged to enhance plant resistance to biotic stresses. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, especially the contribution of fungal epigenetic regulation remains poorly understood.

Comment on: "Robotic cholecystectomy is safe and effective for all levels of gallbladder pathology in both the elective and emergent setting in a patient population with a high comorbidity load: outcomes from East Flatbush, New York".

Crehan et al. present important data on the safety of robotic cholecystectomy (RC) in a high-comorbidity, medically underserved population. While the findings are encouraging, several methodological aspects merit closer scrutiny.

Comment on: "Using crowdsourcing to assess HPV knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes in the United States".

We comment on the recent study by Smith et al., which explored HPV-related awareness, knowledge, and behaviors in a US population using crowdsourced data collection. While the study demonstrates innovation in its use of Amazon Mechanical Turk (mTurk) and delivers important public health insights, several limitations such as cross-sectional design, sample representativeness, and limited behavioral outcome interpretation merit further reflection.

Research on assessment methods and practical analysis of livable communities in Chongqing from an urban renewal perspective.

With the rapid construction and development of cities, aging communities have emerged with problems such as long-standing buildings, poor living environments, uneven distribution of public service facilities, aging infrastructure, and inconvenient transportation. There is an urgent need to conduct assessments based on livable community criteria.This paper, based on the connotation of urban renewal in the new era and targeting the construction of livable communities, analyzes the progress of livable community assessments.

UBE2D1 as a key biomarker in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a new perspective on diagnosis and disease activity assessment.

Background: Early diagnosis is crucial for reducing disability and improving long-term prognosis in patients with systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (sJIA), but it remains a significant challenge. This study aims to identify non-invasive biomarkers with superior diagnostic efficacy for sJIA.

Methods: To predict early potential biomarker candidates and pathogenic mechanisms for sJIA, we performed scRNA-seq and Bulk RNA-seq on PBMCs from the Chinese sJIA cohort.

Albumin and Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase as Biomarkers for Differentiating Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis from Reactive Arthritis.

Objective: Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) and reactive arthritis (ReA) share overlapping clinical features, posing diagnostic challenges. Early differentiation is critical for treatment decisions but lacks reliable biomarkers. This study aims to identify simple clinical indicators and develop a clinical prediction model to distinguish sJIA from ReA.

Bioinspired Soft Robots with Integrated Biological Motion Mechanisms and Rigid-Flexible Coupling Systems.

The inherent flexibility, safety, and biocompatibility of soft robots show significant potential for intelligent biomedical engineering applications. However, the unique operating environments of soft robots, including both in vivo and in vitro conditions, necessitate highly flexible movement capabilities. Optimizing the structural design to enable multi-degree-of-freedom motions is crucial to realize the expansion and deepening of soft robots in this field.

Unraveling Disease-Associated PIWI-Interacting RNAs with a Contrastive Learning Methods.

PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are a class of small, non-coding RNAs predominantly expressed in the germ cells of animals and play a crucial role in maintaining genomic integrity, mediating transposon suppression, and ensuring gene stability. Beyond their functions in reproductive cells, piRNAs also play roles in various human diseases, including cancer, suggesting their potential as significant biomarkers critical for disease diagnosis and treatment. Wet-lab methods to identify piRNA-disease associations require substantial resources and are often hit-or-miss.

A novel technique for microwave ablation of malignant pulmonary nodules: electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy with real-time digital subtraction angiography and computed tomography imaging guidance.

Objectives: Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) has been used to guide the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary nodules. However, its combined application with real-time digital subtraction angiography (DSA), computed tomography (CT) and microwave ablation (MWA) for malignant pulmonary nodules has not been documented. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a novel technique that integrates ENB with real-time two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) imaging guidance for MWA of malignant pulmonary nodules.

Suspect and Nontarget Analysis of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Groundwater Underlying Different Land-Use Areas.

Groundwater can be contaminated by PFAS emissions, yet research on the presence and associated risks of PFAS in groundwater underlying different land-use areas remains limited. Herein, high-resolution mass spectrometry-based suspect and nontarget analyses were performed to determine PFAS occurrence in groundwater samples obtained from a rural area, a planting region, and the vicinities of a pharmaceutical park, an airport, and an industrial park in Datong City, China. A total of 31 PFAS (16 emerging and 15 legacy PFAS) were identified, and the ΣPFAS concentrations ranged from 0.

Enhancing the co-utilization of methanol and CO into 1-butanol by equipping synergistic reductive glycine pathway in Butyribacterium methylotrophicum.

The biological fixation of CO and C1-feedstocks like methanol derived from CO are considered as an important technology combating in global warming issues. The microorganisms that can co-assimilate CO and methanol are highly desired. Here, we constructed a synergistic assimilation pathway in Butyribacterium methylotrophicum (B.

Converse Flexoelectricity in van der Waals (vdW) Three-Dimensional Topological Insulator Nanoflakes.

Low-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators (TIs) have been overlooked, regarding their electromechanical properties. In this study, we experimentally investigate the electromechanical coupling of low-dimensional 3D TIs with a centrosymmetric crystal structure, where a binary compound, bismuth selenide (BiSe), is taken as an example. Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) results of BiSe nanoflakes show that the material exhibits both out-of-plane and in-plane electromechanical responses.

Characterization of sexual size dimorphism in mandarin fish and association with igfbp-5a/b regulation.

Mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) is an important cultured fish in East Asia that shows sexual size dimorphism (SSD), with females growing faster than males when reaching marketable size. However, the regulatory mechanism of SSD is not clear. To characterize SSD of mandarin fish and its association with gh/igf1/igfbp-5 expression, gonadal developmental atlas of the females and the males were described, and growth parameters and serum levels of E2 and T, as well as the relative expression levels of gh, igf1, and igfbp-5a/b mRNAs, were determined.

TGC-ARG: Anticipating Antibiotic Resistance via Transformer-Based Modeling and Contrastive Learning.

In various domains, including everyday activities, agricultural practices, and medical treatments, the escalating challenge of antibiotic resistance poses a significant concern. Traditional approaches to studying antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) often require substantial time and effort and are limited in accuracy. Moreover, the decentralized nature of existing data repositories complicates comprehensive analysis of antibiotic resistance gene sequences.

Circular photonic crystal grating design for charge-tunable quantum light sources in the telecom C-band.

Efficient generation of entangled photon pairs at telecom wavelengths is a key ingredient for long-range quantum networks. While embedding semiconductor quantum dots into hybrid circular Bragg gratings has proven effective, it conflicts with p-i-n diode heterostructures which offer superior coherence. We propose and analyze hybrid circular photonic crystal gratings, incorporating air holes to facilitate charge carrier transport without compromising optical properties.

Metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease in patients with plaque psoriasis: a case-control study and serological comparison.

Background: The relationship between plaque psoriasis and both MASLD and lean MASLD has not been sufficiently explored in the current literature.

Method: This retrospective and observational study was carried out from January 2021 to January 2023 at The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University. Patients diagnosed with plaque psoriasis and a control group consisting of individuals undergoing routine physical examinations were enrolled.

Pretraining a foundation model for generalizable fluorescence microscopy-based image restoration.

Fluorescence microscopy-based image restoration has received widespread attention in the life sciences and has led to significant progress, benefiting from deep learning technology. However, most current task-specific methods have limited generalizability to different fluorescence microscopy-based image restoration problems. Here, we seek to improve generalizability and explore the potential of applying a pretrained foundation model to fluorescence microscopy-based image restoration.

Design and Mechanism Study of High-Safety and Long-Life Electrolyte for High-Energy-Density Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Although nonflammable electrolytes are beneficial for battery safety, they often adversely affect the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries due to their poor compatibility with electrodes. Herein, we design a nonflammable electrolyte consisting of cyclic carbonate and 2,2-difluoroethyl acetate (DFEA) solvents paired with several surface-film-forming additives, significantly improving the safety and cycling performance of NMC811||SiO/graphite pouch cells. The DFEA solvent exhibits not only good flame retardancy but also lower lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy, promoting the formation of a robust inorganic-rich and gradient-architecture hybrid interface between the SiO/graphite anode and electrolyte.

Significance of m6A in subtype identification, immunological evolution, and therapeutic sensitivity of RA.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one kind of important epigenetic modification pattern which is extensively involved in immune regulation. The development and progression of autoimmune diseases are closely related to immune dysregulation. Considering that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a typical autoimmune disease, the m6A process might be one of the important regulatory mechanisms in the pathogenesis of RA.

2α, 3α, 24-Thrihydroxyurs-12-en-24-ursolic acid enhances the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin on oral cancer cells by down-regulating autophagy.

This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of 2α, 3α, 24-thrihydroxyurs-12-en-24-ursolic acid (TEOA) alone or in combination with cisplatin on oral cancer. TEOA, a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound isolated from the roots of Actinidia eriantha, has demonstrated antitumor activity in preclinical experiments. However, its role in oral cancer remains poorly understood.