Evaluating the causal effect of circulating proteome on the risk of Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: an omics pipeline study.

Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have pinpointed a multitude of risk loci associated with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), but it is challenging to decipher novel plasma proteins. To address this, we applied an integrative omics pipeline to uncover novel proteins associated with JIA risk.

Methods: In this research, we utilized an integrative omics method to identify new plasma proteins associated with JIA.

Local structure, electronic and optical characteristics of Er-doped YScAlOgarnet: a multi-scale exploration based on first-principles.

In this study, the structural evolution, electronic properties, and optical characteristics of Er-doped YScAlO(YSAG) crystals were systematically investigated by the CALYPSO structure prediction methodology combined with density functional theory. The crucial findings are detailed as follows. (1) The ground state structure of Er:YSAG was determined.

Hepatic toxicity assessment of organophosphorus insecticide isazophos on zebrafish.

Isazophos, an organophosphorus insecticide, is a prevalent environmental contaminant that bioaccumulates in organisms and poses significant risks to human health. However, the organ toxicity of isazophos to aquatic organisms has not been previously characterized. The purpose of this study is to investigate the toxic effects of isazophos exposure on zabrafish liver, as well as revealing the underlying toxicological mechanisms.

The molecular basis of lamin-specific chromatin interactions.

In the cell nucleus, chromatin is anchored to the nuclear lamina, a network of lamin filaments and binding proteins that underly the inner nuclear membrane. The nuclear lamina is involved in chromatin organization through the interaction of lamina-associated domains within the densely packed heterochromatin regions. Using cryo-focused ion beam milling in conjunction with cryo-electron tomography, we analyzed the distribution of nucleosomes at the lamin-chromatin interface at the nanometer scale.

Acute toxicity effects of rice paddy bactericide bismerthiazol on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos.

Bismerthiazol is an extensively utilized agricultural bactericide in paddy fields. However, its toxicity to aquatic animals remains poorly understood. Through acute exposure of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos, we determined that the 72 h half-lethal concentration (LC) of bismerthiazol was 7.

Lutetium-Based Nanoprobes for Radiosensitization with Immune Microenvironment Remodeling and NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Surgery in Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the top five leading cancers worldwide. Preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy is recommended for locally advanced CRC. Radiotherapy (RT), a traditional cancer treatment, not only controls local tumor growth but also potentially induces immunogenic cell death, initiating systemic immune responses.

Toxicity assessment of N, N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) in zebrafish embryos.

N, N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) is a widely used insect repellent that can be detected in water and soil worldwide. Although adverse reactions have been reported following the use of DEET - containing products, there are few toxicity studies. In this study, zebrafish were exposed to 0, 0.

Gold Nanoparticles Grafted with Molecular N-Heterocyclic Carbenes for CO Electroreduction: Combining Electronic and Hydrophobic Effects.

Tuning the surface microenvironment offers a powerful strategy to enhance the electrocatalytic performance of presynthesized metal nanocatalysts. Here, we demonstrate that N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), as a self-assembled monolayer on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), synergistically promote the electrochemical reduction of CO to CO. This NHC functionalization boosts the partial current density for CO formation by ∼30% while concurrently suppressing competing proton reduction.

UBE2D1 as a key biomarker in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a new perspective on diagnosis and disease activity assessment.

Background: Early diagnosis is crucial for reducing disability and improving long-term prognosis in patients with systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (sJIA), but it remains a significant challenge. This study aims to identify non-invasive biomarkers with superior diagnostic efficacy for sJIA.

Methods: To predict early potential biomarker candidates and pathogenic mechanisms for sJIA, we performed scRNA-seq and Bulk RNA-seq on PBMCs from the Chinese sJIA cohort.

Sex-specific trajectories of adolescent brain development and behavioral health in relation to family environments.

Background: The associations of family environment with adolescent behavioral health are well established, yet insights into how these associations are moderated by sex, particularly through changes in brain structure, are limited.

Methods: This cohort study included over 9000 children aged 9-12 from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. We used structural equation modeling to create a composite measure of family environment, incorporating factors such as family conflict, acceptance, parental monitoring and socioeconomic status, as reported by both children and parents.

Genetic risk-dependent brain markers of resilience to childhood Trauma.

Resilience to developing emotional disorders is critical for adolescent mental health, especially following childhood trauma. Yet, brain markers of resilience remain poorly understood. By analyzing brain responses to angry faces in a large-scale longitudinal adolescent cohort (IMAGEN), we identified two functional networks located in the orbitofrontal and occipital regions.

Single-cell landscape of immunological responses in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

The study aimed to analyze the single-cell transcriptomes of immune cells in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients to understand the cellular heterogeneity within the immune system. Peripheral blood samples from fourteen JIA patients and four healthy individuals were subjected to single-cell RNA sequencing. Various subtypes of JIA were included in the patient cohort.

Homoharringtonine Promotes FTO Degradation to Suppress LILRB4-Mediated Immune Evasion in Acute Monocytic Leukaemia.

Acute monocytic leukaemia, a subtype of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), is a highly aggressive malignancy characterised by a poor prognosis, primarily due to the ability of leukaemic cells to evade immune surveillance. In this study, we demonstrate that homoharringtonine (HHT), an FDA-approved therapeutic agent for chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), inhibits this immune evasion by targeting the FTO/m6A/LILRB4 signalling pathway in monocytic AML. Utilising RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and various functional assays, we reveal that HHT treatment significantly reduces LILRB4 expression at both the RNA and protein levels, suggesting that the effects of HHT on LILRB4 are distinct from its well-established role as a protein synthesis inhibitor.

Parental psychopathology, family conflict, brain function, and child autistic-like traits in early adolescents.

Background: Parental psychopathology is a known risk factor for child autistic-like traits. However, symptom-level associations and underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.

Methods: We utilized network analyses and cross-lagged panel models to investigate the specific parental psychopathology related to child autistic-like traits among 8,571 adolescents (mean age, 9.

Albumin and Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase as Biomarkers for Differentiating Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis from Reactive Arthritis.

Objective: Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) and reactive arthritis (ReA) share overlapping clinical features, posing diagnostic challenges. Early differentiation is critical for treatment decisions but lacks reliable biomarkers. This study aims to identify simple clinical indicators and develop a clinical prediction model to distinguish sJIA from ReA.

Relationship between grammar and schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Schizophrenia significantly impairs everyday communication, affecting education and employment. Such communication difficulties may arise from deficits in syntax-understanding and generating grammatical structures. Research on syntactic impairments in schizophrenia is underpowered, with inconsistent findings, and it is unclear if deficits are specific to certain patient subgroups, regardless of symptom profiles, age, sex, or illness severity.

Autophagy-Unlocking New Dimensions in the Pathology and Treatment of Depression.

Depression is a widespread mental disorder whose impact on an individual's health extends far beyond the psychological dimension. As a disease with a significant burden, the effective treatment of depression has become a major challenge for global public health. Although several hypotheses have been proposed for the pathogenesis of depression, its pathophysiological mechanisms remain complex and not yet fully understood.

Mosquito-Eye-Inspired Photothermal Icephobic Surface with Enhanced Anti-Icing and Deicing Efficiency.

A bioinspired icephobic surface featuring mosquito-eye-like micronanostructures (IPMM) is designed through candle soot self-assembly on a microspine array surface. The IPMM exhibits remarkable superhydrophobicity in cold temperatures, with low adhesion forces of ∼25.4 μN at a low temperature of -5 °C and impressive liquid repellency.

Biomaterial-based therapeutic strategies for inflammatory bowel disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, challenging condition characterized by epithelial barrier disruption, immune dysregulation, and alterations in gut microbiota, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss, affecting millions of patients worldwide. The etiology and pathogenesis of IBD are multifactorial, involving a combination of genetic factors, environmental influences, microbial dysbiosis, and other elements. Current treatments for IBD include aminosalicylates, antibiotics, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants, all aimed at reducing inflammation and achieving clinical remission.

Innate immune cell barrier-related genes inform precision prognosis in pancreatic cancer.

Introduction: Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains a lethal malignancy with limited treatment options. The role of innate immune cell barrier-related genes in PC prognosis is poorly defined. This study aimed to identify prognostic biomarkers, develop a predictive model, and uncover novel targets for personalized therapy.

HDL-C variability linked to depression risk in older Chinese adults: Insights from observational and Mendelian randomization studies.

Background: Depression is a significant public health concern, particularly among older adults. While variability in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) has been associated with various health outcomes, its relationship with depression remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between HDL-C variability and the risk of depression in a Chinese population, utilizing both observational data and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

CK2 in the spotlight: decoding its role in hematological malignancies and therapeutic applications.

Protein kinase CK2 is known to have potent biological effects, and its high expression is closely associated with malignant phenotypes of tumors, especially hematological malignancies. Targeting protein kinase CK2 is a promising therapeutic direction in hematological malignancies, as it promotes the survival of tumor cells and regulates the cell cycle and enhances the resistance of tumor cells to tumor therapy. In recent years, a large number of studies have confirmed the therapeutic effect of targeting protein kinase CK2 in combination with other therapies in the treatment of hematological malignancies.

The Ferroptosis-Mitochondrial Axis in Depression: Unraveling the Feedforward Loop of Oxidative Stress, Metabolic Homeostasis Dysregulation, and Neuroinflammation.

Emerging evidence links ferroptosis-mitochondrial dysregulation to depression pathogenesis through an oxidative stress-energy deficit-neuroinflammation cycle driven by iron overload. This study demonstrates that iron accumulation initiates ferroptosis via Fenton reaction-mediated lipid peroxidation, compromising neuronal membrane integrity and disabling the GPx4 antioxidant system. Concurrent mitochondrial complex I/IV dysfunction impairs ATP synthesis, creating an AMPK/mTOR signaling imbalance and calcium dyshomeostasis that synergistically impair synaptic plasticity.

Freshwater Harvester with Ultra-High Yield by Super-Hygroscopic Composite Under Extremely Low Humidity Environment.

Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) is a promising strategy for freshwater production to alleviate water scarcity, but it remains challenging due to its limited daily water production volume at extremely low relative humidity (RH). Herein, a super-hygroscopic composite (CHG) is reported that is fabricated by using chitosan (CS), hyaluronic acid (HA), metal-organic frameworks (MOF-303), graphene oxide (GO), and calcium chloride (CaCl). In this strategy, the CS-HA serves as a cation/anion substrate to form stable hydrogel structure with CaCl salt.

Preventing Underwater Bioadhesion by Biomimetic High-entropy Metal Oxides.

Exploiting adamant and biocide-free surfaces for combating the ubiquitous and obstinate bioadhesion is urgently required for underwater facilities, but substantial challenges remain due to the diversity of adhesive organisms and the complexity of their bioadhesion mechanisms. Herein, a biomimetic high entropy metal oxide CeZrNbTaHfO is developed for combating underwater bioadhesion. Specifically, the high-entropy oxide exhibits superior lactonase and protease-like activities in actuating the hydrolysis of (phosphorylated) proteins and quorum-sensing lactone signal molecules, and the intrinsic haloperoxidase-mimicking behavior can strengthen the hydrolysis activity.