Discovery of novel xanthotoxin-pyridine quaternary ammonium derivatives with membrane-targeting mode of action as potential antimicrobials against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major global health threat owing to its multi-drug resistance, creating an urgent need for novel antibiotics. This study focused on developing anti-MRSA agents by designing and synthesizing 30 xanthotoxin-pyridine quaternary ammonium derivatives, followed by evaluating their antibacterial activity and dissecting their mechanism of action against MRSA. Among all derivatives, III13 demonstrated as the most promising candidate: it exhibited potent anti-MRSA activity (MIC = 1 μg/mL), low cytotoxicity, minimal hemolysis, rapid bactericidal effects, and the ability to disrupt biofilms.

Efficacy and safety of cold snare polypectomy for outpatient treatment of sessile polyps smaller than 10mm.

Background: Screening colonoscopy plays a critical role in reducing colorectal cancer incidence by identifying and removing polyps. Simple and safe treatment is the most common request of both doctors and patients. Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) is increasingly favored for polyps < 10 mm, yet concerns remain regarding residual tissue.

A ratiometric fluorescent aptamer assay based on RCA amplification mult-G-quadruplex.

Ratiometric assay with dual signals can effectively avoid false positives of single signals. Therefore, a dual-signal assay was designed to detect Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) using the affinity of the aptamers to the target as well as the binding force between the DNA strands. The first fluorescent signal was obtained by binding AFB1 to aptamer to shed the complementary sequence with the FAM (6-carboxyfluorescein).

Role of CclA Loss in Parametarhizium changbaiense in Enhancing Priming Resistance of Mung Bean Against Damping Off Induced by Rhizoctonia solani.

Rhizoctonia solani is a soil-borne pathogen causing destructive diseases on various economically important crops. Beneficial plant and fungus interactions are well acknowledged to enhance plant resistance to biotic stresses. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, especially the contribution of fungal epigenetic regulation remains poorly understood.

Role of APE1 redox function in chronic rhinosinusitis pathogenesis: Implications for targeted therapy.

Background: APE1 is a multifunctional enzyme with 2 distinct functions-endonuclease activity in its C-terminal domain and redox function in its N-terminal domain. The redox activity of APE1 regulates a subset of transcription factors involved in cell survival, angiogenesis, and inflammation. However, its role in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps is not fully understood.

Hyperuricemia predicts adverse clinical outcomes after arthroscopic microfracture of osteochondral lesions of the talus.

Purpose: To investigate the correlation of serum uric acid levels with the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic microfracture in osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs) and determine the cut-off point for predicting outcomes.

Methods: A total of 134 OLTs patients who underwent arthroscopic microfracture from November 2008 to June 2019 were included: 42 in the hyperuricemia group (≥ 420 μmol/L) and 92 in the non-hyperuricemia group (< 420 μmol/L). Clinical characteristics recorded and analyzed included Visual Analog Scale (VAS score), American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society score (AOFAS), and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey score (SF-36).

Development of calcium alginate gel sphere-based SERS substrates for minimally invasive sampling and identification of indigo on the surface of simulated murals and aged imitation cultural relic samples.

Pigments in painted cultural relics serve as critical historical evidence, offering significant research value for understanding historical contexts and cultural development processes. However, the pigments, especially organic pigments (or dyes), have progressively degraded over time, resulting in severe fading that challenges their sensitive identification. To address this issue, we developed an innovative sampling methodology combined with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) analysis for identifying indigo pigment in painted cultural relics.

Purification and characterization of cellulase produced by Bacillus sp. HMM.

Cellulose is long-chain glucose polymer, which is linked by β-1,4-glycosidic bond. Its degradation relies on the synergistic action of multi-component cellulase system, including endoglucanase, exoglucanase and β-glucosidase. Cellulase hydrolyzes cellulose to produce glucose through the sequential reactions.

Transcriptome Analysis of DAMP-Induced Root Growth Regulation and Defense in Foxtail Millet.

Foxtail millet ( L.), a representative C4 species, is recognized for its efficient nutrient utilization and robust abiotic stress responses. However, the molecular mechanisms mediating its tolerance to biotic stresses are poorly understood.

Evaluation of thermal effects in high-speed shifting tillage operations on share-point wear in sandy loam soil.

A share-point is a cutting edge of the ploughshare, the crucial component of a horizontally reversible plough (HRP). Our previous trials in sandy loam soil indicated that severe abrasion/attrition wear with white materials appeared at the share-point section in the high-speed shifting tillage operation of the HRP. This mechanical fatigue was demonstrated to be caused by the flowing soil-tool interaction.

Heat Acclimation Enhances Brain Resilience to Acute Thermal Stress in by Modulating Cell Adhesion, Anti-Apoptotic Pathways, and Intracellular Degradation Mechanisms.

Global climate change presents a significant challenge to aquatic ecosystems, with ectothermic fish being particularly sensitive to temperature fluctuations. The brain plays a crucial role in perceiving, regulating, and adapting to thermal changes, and its response to heat stress is crucial for survival. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying heat stress and acclimation in fish brains remain poorly understood.

Opposing effects of prior information on relational representation and visual cues in dynamic social interaction perception.

Social interaction, as a crucial component of relational representation, is essential for understanding human social cognition. While visual cues play a pivotal role in perceiving interactions, little is known about how individuals utilize past visual and interaction-related relational judgments when making decisions under uncertainty. This study investigated how past visual information and interpersonal relational judgments influence the current interaction perception.

A long-term mixed eosinophilic and neutrophilic chronic rhinosinusitis C57BL/6 mouse model with neuroinflammation, olfactory dysfunction and anxiety-like behaviors.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous condition characterized by persistent inflammation and high recurrence rates. The mixed granulocytic endotype, marked by increased eosinophils and neutrophils, is particularly refractory and prone to relapse.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the papain-induced mouse model for investigating the more refractory mixed granulocytic CRS endotype, characterized by elevated eosinophils and neutrophils.

Mucoperiosteal Flap Healing During Vertical Bone Augmentation using Titanium Mesh: A Study in Beagle Dogs.

Introduction And Aims: The periosteal releasing incision (PRI) is often used in guided bone regeneration (GBR) with titanium (Ti) mesh to reduce the tension of mucoperiosteal flaps (MPF) and close the wound, but it can easily lead to keratinized gingiva (KG) narrowing and a high wound dehiscence rate. Therefore, it is necessary to explore alternative methods such as open healing. The aim of this study was to observe whether a MPF without a PRI and primary closure could heal on a titanium membrane surface in vertical bone augmentation and to measure the change in KG width.

A Study on the spatial form of traditional villages in jiangnan region of china from the perspective of human thermal comfort: A case study of nanjing, jiangsu province.

Traditional Chinese villages embody the ecological wisdom of ancient people to "conform to nature and transform nature". In the long-term process of natural evolution, the natural environment and human production and living space have been combined to develop a unique spatial pattern with climate adaptability, which has the ability to cope with and regulate natural climate. Under the context of China's rural revitalization, a study into the microclimate and thermal comfort of traditional villages holds promise for fostering the development of ecologically sustainable and aesthetically pleasing rural communities.

Association between neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin ratio and periodontitis: insights from a population-based study.

Background: Periodontal diseases, characterized by the loss of tooth-supporting structures, are highly prevalent in the general population. The Neutrophil-Percentage-To-Albumin Ratio (NPAR) has been identified as a promising biomarker for systemic inflammation, but its relationship with periodontal disease has not been thoroughly investigated. Despite growing interest in its role in other chronic conditions, the specific connection between NPAR and periodontal disease remains underexplored and requires further examination to understand its potential clinical applications.

Vinpocetine-mediated multidimensional active targeted delivery across the blood-brain barrier.

Overcoming the challenges associated with brain-targeted drug delivery involves addressing both the limited biodistribution of drugs and microcirculation issues that hinder their accumulation in brain lesions. In this study, we propose a comprehensive strategy leveraging vinpocetine, a compound known to enhance cerebral blood flow (CBF), to improve drug delivery to the brain. Initially, the pre-administration of vinpocetine in the form of a microemulsion significantly enhances nanomedicine uptake into the brain by selectively boosting CBF.

Mechanisms of Neuronal Differentiation and Notch Signaling as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Olfactory Dysfunction of Allergic Rhinitis.

Purpose: Olfactory dysfunction (OD) in allergic rhinitis (AR) significantly diminishes quality of life, yet its pathophysiology remains unclear. The Notch signaling pathway is known to regulate olfactory epithelium proliferation and differentiation in murine models, but its role in AR with OD (AR+OD) is yet to be elucidated. This study aims to explore neuronal expression patterns and the involvement of Notch signaling in AR+OD.

Rapid Construction of Karst Landform-Featured Nickel Electrode for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Electrodes are essential in alkaline water electrolysis for hydrogen production. However, developing straightforward and effective strategies to optimize the compositions and structures of electrode materials for enhanced performance and gas mass transfer remains a significant challenge. In this work, electrodes featuring karst landform-like surfaces and loaded with Ni-Fe hydroxide catalysts are rapidly fabricated by immersing nickel foam (NF) or nickel mesh (NM) in molten salt for corrosion.

Task representation and individual differences affect strategy selection and problem-solving performance.

Introduction: While strategy selection theories generally posit that people will learn to prefer more successful task strategies, they often neglect to account for the impact of task representation on the strategies that are learned. The Represent-Construct-Choose-Learn (RCCL) theory posits a role for how changing task representations influence the generation of new strategies which in turn affects strategy choices. The goal of this study was to directly replicate and extend the results of one experiment that was conducted to assess the predictions of this theory.

Coexistence of three dural arteriovenous fistulas in the anterior cranial fossa, petrous ridge and superior sagittal sinus: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: The coexistence of three dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) in the anterior cranial fossa (ACF), petrous ridge and superior sagittal sinus (SSS) is rare. Such a complex and rare case can be managed with endovascular treatment (EVT).

Case Presentation: A 74-year-old male with an intracranial hemorrhage was admitted in a comatose state.

Study on the bearing capacity optimization and performance of photovoltaic support in desert sand and gravel area based on bionics.

With the continuous development and use of renewable energy, photovoltaic projects have become essential in the clean energy landscape. The bearing capacity and stability of their bracket foundations are crucial for the sustainable development of energy. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the application of bionics principles to propose a novel type of photovoltaic bracket pile foundation designed to meet diverse bearing capacity requirements, specifically suited for desert gravel areas: the photovoltaic bracket serpentine pile foundation.

Recent, but not long-term, priors induce behavioral oscillations in peri-saccadic vision.

Perception of a continuous world relies on our ability to integrate discontinuous sensory signals when we make saccadic eye movements, which abruptly change the retinal image. Here we investigate the role of oscillations in integrating pre-saccadic information with the current sensory signals. We presented to participants (N = 24) a brief pre-saccadic Gabor stimulus (termed the inducer) before voluntary 16° saccades, followed by a test Gabor stimulus at various times before or after saccadic onset.

Visible-Light-Induced Synergistic W/Cr Catalyzed -Difluoroallylation of Unactivated Alkanes.

Currently, the scope of the Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi (NHK) reaction is limited to aldehydes and ketones to construct alcohol derivatives. Herein, we have described a visible-light-induced synergistic W/Cr(III)-catalyzed NHK-type -difluoroallylation reaction of unactivated cyclic and linear alkanes. The reaction merits feedstock materials, mild reaction conditions, and a wide functionality tolerance.