Efficacy and safety of cold snare polypectomy for outpatient treatment of sessile polyps smaller than 10mm.

Background: Screening colonoscopy plays a critical role in reducing colorectal cancer incidence by identifying and removing polyps. Simple and safe treatment is the most common request of both doctors and patients. Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) is increasingly favored for polyps < 10 mm, yet concerns remain regarding residual tissue.

Quantitative computed tomography analysis of bone microarchitecture is associated with rotator cuff healing.

Background: Rotator cuff repair in patients with osteoporosis (OP) is often hindered by poor tendon-to-bone healing and a high rate of retears, largely due to compromised bone remodeling at the repair site. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between computed tomography (CT)-based quantitative analysis of bone microarchitecture and the prognosis of rotator cuff healing.

Methods: An OP rat model was established via bilateral ovariectomy combined with dexamethasone administration.

Anti-Osteoporosis Treatment Alleviates Osteoarthritis Symptoms and Partially Reverses Disease Progression.

Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP) are highly prevalent in postmenopausal women; however, their relationship remains complex and controversial. This study aimed to investigate whether anti-OP treatment alleviates osteoarthritis symptoms and reverses disease progression.

Methods: This prospective clinical study enrolled 30 postmenopausal women diagnosed with OP and concomitant knee OA who visited our outpatient clinic between January and June 2023.

Construction of cartilaginous organoids based on cartilage extracellular matrix microcarriers to promote articular cartilage regeneration through immune regulation.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of constructing cartilaginous organoids (CORGs) using cartilage extracellular matrix microcarriers (CEMMs), evaluate their ectopic chondrogenic potential, and analyze their impact on repair and regeneration of knee cartilage in SD rats.

Methods: Cartilage extracellular matrix microcarriers (CEMMs) were created through a combination of decellularization, wet milling, and layered sieving methods. The evaluation of their biological function was conducted through live/dead staining, CCK-8 assay, scratch assay, and Transwell assay in a laboratory setting.

Exploring Endothelial Cell Dysfunction's Impact on the Brain-Retina Microenvironment Connection: Molecular Mechanisms and Implications.

The intricate linking between the health of blood vessels and the functioning of neurons has attracted growing attention in the context of disorders that affect the neurological environment. Endothelial cells, forming the blood-brain barrier and blood-retinal barrier, play a fundamental role in maintaining the integrity of the brain-retina microenvironment connection. This review explores the molecular foundations of endothelial cell dysfunction and its implications for the brain-retina interaction.

Bone marrow necrosis: Facts, controversies, and perspective.

Bone marrow necrosis (BMN) is a clinically and pathologically poorly-defined and readily-overlooked entity. The current facts and guidelines pertaining to this entity are scarce, and there exist controversies. Upon reviewing the literature, we present the facts, analyze these controversies, and discourse on future prospects.

miR-769-3p inhibits cellular proliferation of KSHV-infected SH-SY5Y cells through targeting mTOR.

The infection by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is one of the most common causes of death in AIDS patients. Our studies have found that KSHV can infect SH-SY5Y cells (named SK-RG) and mTOR was up-regulated, which results in remarkable enhancement of cell proliferation, migration. But the regulatory role of mTOR in KSHV infected neurons has not yet been fully elucidated.

A Hybrid Scaffold Induces Chondrogenic Differentiation and Enhances Cartilage Regeneration.

Extensively researched tissue engineering strategies involve incorporating cells into suitable biomaterials, offering promising alternatives to boost tissue repair. In this study, a hybrid scaffold, Gel-DCM, which integrates a photoreactive gelatin-hyaluronic acid hydrogel (Gel) with an oriented porous decellularized cartilage matrix (DCM), was designed to facilitate chondrogenic differentiation and cartilage repair. The Gel-DCM exhibited excellent biocompatibility , promoting favorable survival and growth of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) and articular chondrocytes (hACs).

[Effects of Platelet-Rich Plasma-Derived Exosomes on Proliferation and Migration of Tendon Stem/Progenitor Cell].

Objective To investigate the effects of platelet-rich plasma-derived exosomes (PRP-Exos) on the proliferation and migration of tendon stem/progenitor cell (TSPC).Methods PRP-Exos were extracted through the combination of polymer-based precipitation and ultracentrifugation.The morphology,concentration,and particle size of PRP-Exos were identified by transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis.

In-situ gelation of fibrin gel encapsulating platelet-rich plasma-derived exosomes promotes rotator cuff healing.

Although platelet-rich plasma-derived exosomes (PRP-Exos) hold significant repair potential, their efficacy in treating rotator cuff tear (RCT) remains unknown. In light of the potential for clinical translation of fibrin gel and PRP-Exos, we evaluated their combined impact on RCT healing and explored suitable gel implantation techniques. In vitro experiments demonstrated that PRP-Exos effectively enhanced key phenotypes changes in tendon stem/progenitor cells.

An Essential Role of c-Fos in Notch1-mediated Promotion of Proliferation of KSHV-Infected SH-SY5Y Cells.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the influence of Notch1 on c-Fos and the effect of c-Fos on the proliferation of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)-infected neuronal cells.

Methods: Real-time PCR and western blotting were used to determine c-Fos expression levels in KSHV-infected (SK-RG) and uninfected SH-SY5Y cells. C-Fos levels were measured again in SK-RG cells with or without Notch1 knockdown.

Corrigendum to: An Essential Role of c-Fos in Notch1-mediated Promotion of Proliferation of KSHV-Infected SH-SY5Y Cells.

In the online version of the article, a change was made in the author's position. The affiliation of Dongmei Li and Jinli Zhang in the online version of the article titled "An Essential Role of c-Fos in Notch1-mediated Promotion of Proliferation of KSHV-Infected SH-SY5Y Cells" has been updated in "Current Molecular Pharmacology," 2024; 17: e18761429264583 [1]. The original article can be found online at: https://www.

Comprehensive SNN Compression Using ADMM Optimization and Activity Regularization.

As well known, the huge memory and compute costs of both artificial neural networks (ANNs) and spiking neural networks (SNNs) greatly hinder their deployment on edge devices with high efficiency. Model compression has been proposed as a promising technique to improve the running efficiency via parameter and operation reduction, whereas this technique is mainly practiced in ANNs rather than SNNs. It is interesting to answer how much an SNN model can be compressed without compromising its functionality, where two challenges should be addressed: 1) the accuracy of SNNs is usually sensitive to model compression, which requires an accurate compression methodology and 2) the computation of SNNs is event-driven rather than static, which produces an extra compression dimension on dynamic spikes.

Exploring Adversarial Attack in Spiking Neural Networks With Spike-Compatible Gradient.

Spiking neural network (SNN) is broadly deployed in neuromorphic devices to emulate brain function. In this context, SNN security becomes important while lacking in-depth investigation. To this end, we target the adversarial attack against SNNs and identify several challenges distinct from the artificial neural network (ANN) attack: 1) current adversarial attack is mainly based on gradient information that presents in a spatiotemporal pattern in SNNs, hard to obtain with conventional backpropagation algorithms; 2) the continuous gradient of the input is incompatible with the binary spiking input during gradient accumulation, hindering the generation of spike-based adversarial examples; and 3) the input gradient can be all-zeros (i.

Effective and Efficient Batch Normalization Using a Few Uncorrelated Data for Statistics Estimation.

Deep neural networks (DNNs) thrive in recent years, wherein batch normalization (BN) plays an indispensable role. However, it has been observed that BN is costly due to the huge reduction and elementwise operations that are hard to be executed in parallel, which heavily reduces the training speed. To address this issue, in this article, we propose a methodology to alleviate the BN's cost by using only a few sampled or generated data for mean and variance estimation at each iteration.

Ultrahigh Performance of n-Type AgSe Films for Flexible Thermoelectric Power Generators.

Due to the limited thermoelectric (TE) performance of conducting polymers and rigidity of inorganic materials, it is still a huge challenge to prepare low-cost, highly flexible, and high-performance TE materials. Herein, we fabricated n-type AgSe films using a porous nylon membrane as a flexible substrate by vacuum-assisted filtration, followed by hot pressing. A very high power factor of ∼1882 μW m K at room temperature is obtained.

Domain-adversarial multi-task framework for novel therapeutic property prediction of compounds.

Motivation: With the rapid development of high-throughput technologies, parallel acquisition of large-scale drug-informatics data provides significant opportunities to improve pharmaceutical research and development. One important application is the purpose prediction of small-molecule compounds with the objective of specifying the therapeutic properties of extensive purpose-unknown compounds and repurposing the novel therapeutic properties of FDA-approved drugs. Such a problem is extremely challenging because compound attributes include heterogeneous data with various feature patterns, such as drug fingerprints, drug physicochemical properties and drug perturbation gene expressions.

Rethinking the performance comparison between SNNS and ANNS.

Artificial neural networks (ANNs), a popular path towards artificial intelligence, have experienced remarkable success via mature models, various benchmarks, open-source datasets, and powerful computing platforms. Spiking neural networks (SNNs), a category of promising models to mimic the neuronal dynamics of the brain, have gained much attention for brain inspired computing and been widely deployed on neuromorphic devices. However, for a long time, there are ongoing debates and skepticisms about the value of SNNs in practical applications.

High Performance and Flexible Polyvinylpyrrolidone/Ag/AgTe Ternary Composite Film for Thermoelectric Power Generator.

In this work, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coated Ag-rich AgTe nanowires (NWs) were synthesized by a wet chemical method using PVP coated Te NWs as templates, and a flexible PVP/Ag/AgTe ternary composite film on a nylon membrane was prepared by vacuum assisted filtration, followed by heat treatment. TEM and STEM observations of the focused ion beam prepared sample reveal that the composite film shows a porous network-like structure and that the Ag and AgTe exist as nanoparticles and NWs, respectively, both bonded with PVP. The Ag nanoparticles are formed by separation of the Ag-rich AgTe NWs during the heat treatment.

Good Performance and Flexible PEDOT:PSS/CuSe Nanowire Thermoelectric Composite Films.

Herein, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) coated Cu Se (PC-Cu Se ) nanowires are prepared by a wet-chemical method, and PEDOT:PSS/Cu Se nanocomposite films on flexible nylon membrane are fabricated by vacuum assisted filtration and then cold-pressing. XRD analysis reveals that the Cu Se with different compositions can be obtained by adjusting the nominal Cu/Se molar ratios of their sources. For the composite film starting from a Cu/Se nominal molar ratio of 3, an optimized power factor of ∼270.

High performance n-type AgSe film on nylon membrane for flexible thermoelectric power generator.

Researches on flexible thermoelectric materials usually focus on conducting polymers and conducting polymer-based composites; however, it is a great challenge to obtain high thermoelectric properties comparable to inorganic counterparts. Here, we report an n-type AgSe film on flexible nylon membrane with an ultrahigh power factor ~987.4 ± 104.