From gut microbial ecology to lipid homeostasis: Decoding the role of gut microbiota in dyslipidemia pathogenesis and intervention.

Dyslipidemia, a complex disorder characterized by systemic lipid profile abnormalities, affects more than half of adults globally and constitutes a major modifiable risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Mounting evidence has established the gut microbiota (GM) as a pivotal metabolic modulator that is correlated with atherogenic lipid profiles through dietary biotransformation, immunometabolic regulation, and bioactive metabolite signaling. However, the host-microbe interactions that drive dyslipidemia pathogenesis involve complex gene-environment crosstalk spanning epigenetic modifications to circadian entrainment.

A soft-stiff patterned bioengineering model reveals kinase pathways driving directional cell migration in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Directional cell migration by pulmonary arterial cells (PACs) is one of the important features of diseases involving arterial remodeling, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a disease that is often characterized by reduced arterial compliance and increased extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffening. However, there are no therapeutics that can halt the directional cell migration of PACs in PAH. The inability to identify drug targets or drugs against the directional cell migration during PAH pathogenesis stems from an incomplete understanding of the process and a lack of effective translational models for screening of candidate small molecules.

Development of triazole-based positron emission tomography ligands targeting glutaminyl cyclases (QCs) in the brain.

Glutaminyl cyclases (QCs), including secreted sQC and Golgi-resident gQC, catalyze pyroglutamate formation and play a crucial role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we present the development of two triazole-cored QC-targeting PET ligands, [F]SEN177 ([F]8) and [F]QP5020 ([F]9). Compound 9 displayed superior binding potency toward both sQC and gQC with IC values of 30.

Moderate source-reduction improves peanut yield and quality through modulating photosynthesis, source-sink equilibrium, and secondary metabolisms.

Source-reduction plays a critical role in coordinating source-sink balance of legume crops, it remains unclear whether source-reduction can be utilized as a strategy to enhance the pod yield and seed quality. Here, a two-year field experiment was conducted to decipher the potential effects of varying degrees of source-reduction treatment (removal of leaf and stem) on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production and uncover its underlying mechanisms.

Intracranial aneurysm location: potential influencing factor in ruptures with internal carotid artery occlusion.

Background And Purpose: Intracranial aneurysms combined with spontaneous internal carotid artery occlusion (ICAO) are a rare and serious vascular disorder. Currently, there is only limited information available on the clinical characteristics of these patients and the risk factors for aneurysm rupture. Our objective is to describe the clinical features of these patients and predict the risk factors for the rupture of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) combined with ICAO.

Detection method of a lead seal crack in a high-voltage cable based on laser atlas.

Current detection methods for lead seal cracks in high-voltage cables have low accuracy in detecting small or shallow cracks, which can easily be missed or misjudged, thereby affecting the detection effect. Therefore, a laser image-based method for detecting lead seal cracks in high-voltage cables was proposed. First, a device for collecting the laser spectrum of high-voltage cable lead seals is designed, and the laser spectrum of high-voltage cable lead seals is collected using unmanned aerial vehicles.

Mitochondrial pathways in rheumatoid arthritis: Therapeutic roles of traditional Chinese medicine and natural products.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by persistent synovial inflammation, cartilage destruction and systemic complications. Mitochondrial dysfunction has emerged as a critical contributor to RA pathogenesis by disrupting apoptosis regulation, immune signaling and redox balance, thereby promoting immune cell activation and joint damage. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and natural products offer unique therapeutic advantages due to their multi-component, multi-target properties, particularly in restoring mitochondrial homeostasis.

Ruptured intracranial aneurysm with spontaneous occlusion of internal carotid artery: clinical characteristics, prognostic risk factors, and survival analysis.

Background: Ruptured intracranial aneurysm (RIA) combined with internal carotid artery occlusion (ICAO) is a rare and serious vascular condition. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of these patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed cases of RIA with concurrent spontaneous ICAO from the Chinese Multicenter Aneurysm Database (CMAD).

Semaglutide Mitigates Ischemic Brain Injury by Inhibiting Ferroptosis via Modulation of FoXO1 and DRP1 Pathways.

Multiple pathogenic processes contribute to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI); however, their relative importance and sequence remain unclear, warranting further investigation. Although our previous studies showed that inhibiting ferroptosis mitigates brain damage after ischemic stroke, the crosstalk among intracellular pathways remains poorly understood. The protective effects of semaglutide, a novel glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), in ischemic stroke have yet to be fully elucidated.

Exosome circ-CBLB promotes M1 macrophage polarization in rheumatoid arthritis through the TLR3/TRAF3 signaling axis.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune condition characterized by persistent inflammation of the joint's synovial membrane. This inflammation leads to the degradation of joint cartilage and bone, resulting in joint dysfunction and deformity. Early symptoms of RA are often subtle, complicating timely diagnosis.

Hydrogen-Bonded Perovskite Heterojunction Photocatalytic Membrane with Efficient Proton Supply for Boosting CO Methanation.

Efficient proton supply and enhanced *CO intermediate adsorption are crucial strategies for boosting CO methanation. Herein, we construct a hydrogen-bonded (H-bonded) photocatalytic membrane by integrating a MAPbBr/cyano-g-CN (MPB/CN-g-CN) heterojunction with ethyl cellulose (ECE) binder through a simple sol-gel process, achieving significantly enhanced CO methanation efficiency. ECE functions as a novel proton source, with hydroxyl (-OH) groups that are readily oxidized by photogenerated holes, resulting in efficient proton supply compared to HO.

Application of root exudates derived from peanut/maize intercropping system promotes peanut growth and yield via modulating nitrogen turnover processes.

Background: Legume-based intercropping systems function in boosting crop productivity. However, the precise physiological mechanisms by which root exudates derived from these systems on crop growth have not been characterized. Here, the rhizosphere soil from a peanut/maize intercropping system was analyzed for metabolome profiles.

Matrix Interference Removal Using FeO@SiO-PSA-Based Magnetic Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction for UPLC-MS/MS Analysis of Diazepam in Aquatic Products.

A sensitive method was developed for detecting diazepam residues in aquatic products using magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction (MDSPE) coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Samples extracted with 1% ammonia-acetonitrile were purified using synthesized FeO@SiO-PSA nanoparticles via MDSPE before UPLC-MS/MS analysis. Separation was performed on a C column with gradient elution using 0.

Preparation of shrimp shell derived magnetic biochar coupled with UHPLC-MS/MS for determination of 12 tetracyclines in aquatic products.

Shrimp shell, a waste product from seafood processing, has a great potential to be reused. In this study, a magnetic biochar derived from shrimp shell(MBC-600) was prepared and applied in magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) for pretreatment of 12 tetracyclines (TCs) in aquatic products. The characterization and adsorption experiments show that MBC-600 showed good adsorption capacity for 12 TCs due to its high specific surface area (71.

Silver nanoparticles with multimodal biological activities integrated into advanced material platforms for chronic wound management.

Wound healing is a vital biological process, yet chronic wounds pose a significant global health burden. Traditional wound care, reliant on passive dressings and antibiotics, often fails against complex wound environments involving infection, inflammation, and impaired regeneration, highlighting the need for advanced therapeutics. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), with their tailorable physicochemical properties, are promising due to potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and increasing evidence of beneficial effects on inflammation, oxidative stress, and tissue remodeling.

-Mediated Synthesis of Monodisperse Silver Nanoparticles as Components of Bioactive Nanofibrous Dressings with Dual Antibacterial and Regenerative Functions.

The effective healing of chronic wounds requires balancing antimicrobial activity with tissue regeneration. In this study, we developed a novel, eco-friendly synthesis method using extract to produce silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), addressing toxicity concerns associated with conventional chemical synthesis methods. Through optimization of multiple synthesis parameters, monodisperse spherical AgNPs with an average diameter of 6.

Dynamic integration and evolutionary trajectory of endogenous IHHNV elements in crustacean genomes.

Endogenous viral elements (EVEs) serve as molecular fossils that record the ancient co-evolutionary arms race between viruses and their hosts. In this study, by analyzing 105 host crustacean genomes, we identified 252 infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus-derived EVEs (IHHNV-EVEs), which include 183 ancient and 6 recently inserted EVEs. These IHHNV-EVEs are widely distributed among Decapoda, Thoracica, and Isopoda, with some of them exhibiting a syntenic distribution relative to neighboring host sequences, suggesting that the IHHNV or its ancestor are potential pathogens of these species with a long-time dynamic interaction during the evolutionary history.

Role of APE1 redox function in chronic rhinosinusitis pathogenesis: Implications for targeted therapy.

Background: APE1 is a multifunctional enzyme with 2 distinct functions-endonuclease activity in its C-terminal domain and redox function in its N-terminal domain. The redox activity of APE1 regulates a subset of transcription factors involved in cell survival, angiogenesis, and inflammation. However, its role in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps is not fully understood.

Interspecies Variability in Biodistribution and PET Imaging Performance of [F]Di-PyL: A Dimeric, PSMA-Targeted PET Agent for Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of cancer deaths, making effective early detection, precise staging, and monitoring of biochemical recurrence crucial. Next-generation prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET tracers could detect small or early metastatic lesion, especially in patients with low prostate-specific antigen. However, species differences in PSMA expression affect tracer biodistribution and imaging performance, highlighting the need for cross-species studies to optimize design and ensure clinical accuracy.

Clinical evaluation of the novel FAP-targeting PET tracer 68Ga-XT117 in solid tumors, its synergistic role, and comparison with 18F-FDG.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the novel fibroblast activation protein-targeting PET tracer 68Ga-XT117 compared with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) in solid tumors.

Methods: This single-center, prospective, open-label study enrolled 14 patients with solid tumors. Participants received 68Ga-XT117 at different doses (3, 5, or 7 mCi) and underwent PET/CT scans at multiple time points.

High FSTL1 expression promotes bladder cancer progression by enhancing tumor cell migration.

Objective: Emerging evidence highlights diverse roles of FSTL1 across various malignancies, though its biological significance in bladder carcinogenesis remains unexplored.

Methods: This study systematically interrogated FSTL1 using multidimensional bioinformatics approaches-including tumor microenvironment characterization, survival pattern evaluation, and differential expression profiling-through multiple bladder cancer datasets from TCGA and GEO repositories, with subsequent experimental validation employing in vitro cellular models.

Results: Our findings demonstrate that FSTL1 exhibits significant overexpression in bladder tumors, promotes cancer cell motility through pro-migratory mechanisms, and potentially modulates key components of the tumor microenvironment.

Pulmonary Embolism in Children With Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia: Assessment of Risk Factors and Current Prediction Criteria.

Purpose: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is recognized as a life-threatening complication of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). We aimed to evaluate the risk factors of MPP with PE and examine the diagnostic accuracy of three adult-validated PE prediction criteria in children.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed MPP patients who underwent computerized tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) due to suspicion of PE at the Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2019 to December 2023.

α-Cyperone affects the development and chemosensitivity of breast cancer by modulating TRIM24.

Breast cancer (BC) refers to a malignant neoplasm that takes place in the epithelial tissue of the breast. α-Cyperone (α-CYP) is one of the principal active components of Cyperus rotundus. However, research on the role of α-CYP in the development of BC is still lacking.

Rational Design of Pyridinium Styryl Derivatives as PET Tracers for Cardiac Amyloidosis Imaging.

Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is a complex restrictive cardiomyopathy, and while treatment options are advancing rapidly, specific diagnostic probes for CA have rarely been developed or reported. In this study, a series of pyridinium styryl derivatives were designed and synthesized, exhibiting specific affinity for immunoglobulin light chain protein amyloidosis (AL). Through a structure-activity relationship analysis and bioevaluations, [F] was identified as the first candidate for PET/CT imaging in rodents.

Leaf flower: green-synthesized silver nanoparticles from leaf extract reveal superior antimicrobial and cytotoxic efficacy.

Green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have emerged as promising antimicrobial agents, yet optimizing their synthesis and understanding their biological mechanisms remain crucial challenges. This study reports the synthesis of AgNPs using leaf and flower extracts, leveraging their phytochemical composition for green synthesis. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry identified 38 metabolites, including flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenols, which served as reducing and stabilizing agents.