Population Pharmacokinetics of Sarafloxacin in Yellow River Carp (Cyprinus carpio Haematopterus) After One Single Oral Dose.

The objective of this study was to investigate the population pharmacokinetics of sarafloxacin following a single oral administration at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight (BW) in Yellow River carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus) reared at 24°C, and to provide a scientific basis for its rational use in aquaculture. Blood samples were collected from the tail vein of six fish at each predetermined time point: 0.25, 0.

An invertebrate NLR recognizes viral nucleic acids and balances the antiviral signaling pathway through interaction with STING and Cyclophilin A.

Intracellular recognition of viral nucleic acids by NLRs and subsequent activation of antiviral immunity are crucial for host defense against virus infection in vertebrates. However, understanding on these processes is very limited in invertebrates, especially for crustaceans. In the present study, an NLR gene belonging to the NLRC subfamily (LvNLRC) was identified in the Pacific whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and its functions in intracellular recognition to DNA virus and antiviral immunity during WSSV infection were elucidated.

Co-adsorption and Co-removal of Cu(II), Ciprofloxacin, and Norfloxacin from Water by a Modified Three-Component Covalent Organic Framework.

Organic pollutants and heavy metal ions (HMIs) are widely present in water systems. They often coexist in the environment and form more complex forms of pollution through complexation, thereby posing a serious threat to human health and the ecological environment. We successfully synthesized a three-component covalent organic framework (TpBD-SOH/OH) and functionalized it through the introduction of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA).

Trends, inequalities and time-series based prediction of knee osteoarthritis attributed to high body-mass-index: findings from global burden of disease 2021.

Background: High body-mass-index (BMI) has been shown to be a risk factor for knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Previous studies have examined the global or regional burden of osteoarthritis in multiple joints, including the hip, knee, and hand. However, there is no comprehensive analysis and prediction of the global burden of KOA attributed to high BMI.

Dynamic integration and evolutionary trajectory of endogenous IHHNV elements in crustacean genomes.

Endogenous viral elements (EVEs) serve as molecular fossils that record the ancient co-evolutionary arms race between viruses and their hosts. In this study, by analyzing 105 host crustacean genomes, we identified 252 infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus-derived EVEs (IHHNV-EVEs), which include 183 ancient and 6 recently inserted EVEs. These IHHNV-EVEs are widely distributed among Decapoda, Thoracica, and Isopoda, with some of them exhibiting a syntenic distribution relative to neighboring host sequences, suggesting that the IHHNV or its ancestor are potential pathogens of these species with a long-time dynamic interaction during the evolutionary history.

Pharmacokinetics of difloxacin in Sichuan Shelducks after single or multiple dosing.

This study evaluated both single and multiple dosing regimens of difloxacin administered via different routes to Sichuan Shelducks: single intramuscular (sIM), intravenous (sIV), oral gavage (sPO), and multiple intramuscular (mIM) and oral gavage (mPO) administrations. The sIV, sPO, and sIM groups received a single dose of difloxacin at 10 mg/kg body weight (BW). The mPO and mIM groups received multiple doses of 10 mg/kg BW at 12-hour intervals: the mPO group received 10 oral doses, and the mIM group received 6 intramuscular doses.

Enhancing Human Walking Economy Through a Biomimetic Cable-Driven Ankle Exoskeleton.

Enhancing the walking economy is a primary goal in the application of exoskeletons for gait assistance. However, traditional exoskeletons often face challenges due to rigid designs and the additional distal mass they introduce, limiting their effectiveness. In this study, inspired by the muscle-tendon complex of the human calf, we present a cable-driven ankle exoskeleton designed to provide targeted assistance during plantarflexion movements at the ankle joint.

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Change the Growth and Metabolites of , with Subsequent Effects on the Development and Behavior of .

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) influence plant-insect interactions, yet how they modulate volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to affect insect behavior remains unclear. This study integrates physiological assays, GC-MS volatile metabolomics, and insect bioassays to investigate how (Fm) and (Ri) inoculation affects growth and its resistance to . The results showed that Fm and Ri inoculation both promoted plant growth but differed in defense strategies.

Different neutrophil extracellular trap related Ewing sarcoma subtypes exhibit distinct prognosis, and immune microenvironment characteristics.

Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is a rare bone cancer that is most usually detected in children. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are closely related to the prognosis of cancer, but the significance of NET-related features in EWS remains uncertain. We constructed a NET signature utilizing four crucial NET-related genes in EWS to forecast prognosis and investigate the potential immunological value of this signature in EWS.

The chromosome-level genome and multi-omics analysis provide new insights into the iridoids biosynthetic pathway.

Introduction: (Rubiaceae) is a medicinal herb with significant therapeutic potential, primarily attributed to its bioactive iridoid compounds. However, the molecular mechanisms governing iridoid biosynthesis in this species remain poorly characterized, limiting its biotechnological and pharmaceutical applications.

Methods: We generated a telomere-to-telomere (T2T) chromosomal-scale genome assembly of (∼482.

Corrigendum: A telomere-related signature for predicting prognosis and assessing immune microenvironment in osteosarcoma.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.

Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and prostate cancer in middle-aged and elderly Americans: a national population-based analysis of NHANES 2001-2018.

Background: The impact of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] on prostate cancer (PCa) development remains inconclusive. This investigation aimed to evaluate the association between 25(OH)D concentrations and PCa prevalence using data from a nationally representative cohort.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from individuals aged 40 years and older who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001 to 2018.

Initial learning curve of lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

Unlabelled: This study obtained the learning curve of a chief surgeon's lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty surgery using the cumulative summation analysis (CUSUM) method and divided the curve into two stages: the learning stage and the proficient stage. The inflection point of the learning curve is around the 11th case. The surgical time and team anxiety were relieved in the proficient stage.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanism Involved in Carotenoid Absorption and Metabolism in the Ridgetail White Prawn .

Astaxanthin plays a vital role in pigmentation, immune function, reproduction, and antioxidation in aquatic species. To clarify the molecular mechanism of astaxanthin utilization in (), we conducted a comparative transcriptome analysis on the intestine, hepatopancreas, and muscle of , fed with an astaxanthin diet and a normal diet. A total of 144 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in three tissues between the two groups.

Noninvasive prognostic classification of ITH in HCC with multi-omics insights and therapeutic implications.

Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) is a critical factor associated with treatment failure and disease relapse in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, decoding ITH in a noninvasive and comprehensive manner remains a notable challenge. In this study involving 851 patients from five centers, we developed a noninvasive prognostic classification for ITH using radiomics based on multisequence MRI, termed radiomics ITH (RITH) phenotypes.

Achieving Improved Ion Swarm Shaping Based on Ion Leakage Control in Ion Mobility Spectrometry.

In Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS), ion gates are essential for controlling ion flow, significantly impacting detection sensitivity and resolution. Despite various optimization methods, a clear approach is needed to define the performance limits of ion gates. This study proposes a linear relationship between peak intensity () and resolving power () at low ion quantities, introducing it as a reference for evaluating the optimization level.

The neutrophil extracellular trap-related gene FPR1 (formyl peptide receptor 1) as a potential prognostic and therapeutic target in osteosarcoma.

Background: Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) has been implicated in cancer progression and metastasis. Nevertheless, the role of the NET-related gene, formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1), in osteosarcoma (OS) remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance and biological function of FPR1 in OS.

Bionic ECM scaffolds for directional articular hyaline cartilage regeneration and long-term homeostasis maintenance.

Cartilage defects play a key role in osteoarthritis, causing functional impairment as the disease progresses. Microfracture surgery is commonly used to treat articular cartilage defects, providing early pain relief and functional improvement. However, the blood clot formed during the procedure differs from the natural cartilage microenvironment, hindering hyaline cartilage formation and promoting fibrocartilage, which limits long-term outcomes.

Design, Optimization, Manufacture and Characterization of Milbemycin Oxime Nanoemulsions.

Despite the rapid development of nanoemulsions in recent years, no method has been established for the preparation of milbemycin oxime nanoemulsions. Milbemycin oxime is a widely used macrolide antibiotic in veterinary medicine, particularly for treating parasitic infections in animals such as dogs. However, its poor solubility in water limits its bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy.

Surface Nonbonding Oxygen State Regulation for Reversible Anionic Redox Chemistry in Li-Rich Mn-Based Layered Oxides.

Activated by the Li-O-Li configuration with nonbonding O 2p state (lO), anionic redox reaction (ARR) in Li-rich layered oxides (LLOs) contributes to additional capacity but exhibits significant irreversibility, leading to severe surface oxygen loss. Herein, surface nonbonding oxygen state (SNBOS) is regulated by the integrated surface structure engineering to suppress surface oxygen loss and enhance the reversibility of ARR. On the outermost layer, the conversion of layered structure into a LiLaO layer and spinel phase structure eliminates lO, thereby preventing the activation of ARR and suppressing side reactions between electrolyte and oxidized oxygen ions.

1,2-Acylphosphinylation of Styrenes to Access β-Aryl-γ-ketophosphine Oxides by Irradiation-Induced Radical Relay.

An acylphosphinylation reaction has been devised for the synthesis of β-aryl-γ-ketophosphine oxides, employing styrenes and acyl azolium salts through an irradiation-induced radical relay mechanism. This method effectively constructs C-C and C-P bonds while demonstrating excellent functional group tolerance. Mechanistic studies revealed that a radical-addition-coupling-elimination cascade process was involved in this reaction.

Convenient, high-efficiency multiplex genome editing in autotetraploid alfalfa using endogenous promoters and visual reporters.

Unlabelled: CRISPR/Cas is a simple, robust, versatile tool for plant biology studies and precision plant breeding. However, establishing a high-efficiency gene editing system for multiplex editing of the autotetraploid crop alfalfa ( L.), the most important forage legume worldwide, remains a formidable challenge.

Assessment of pre- and post-operative gait dynamics in total knee arthroplasty by a wearable capture system.

Background: Walking function reconstruction is suboptimal after total knee arthroplasty. However, a comprehensive investigation of kinematic and kinetic parameters before and after total knee arthroplasty is lacking. This study aimed to quantitatively compare the differences in gait parameters before and after total knee arthroplasty with those of healthy control group.