Construction of risk prediction model for dysphagia in hospitalized elderly patients with frailty.

Background: Dysphagia is a common complication in elderly patients with frailty, affecting their prognosis and quality of life. Constructing a risk prediction model can help with early screening and intervention.

Objective: To investigate the current status of dysphagia in hospitalized elderly patients with frailty, analyze its influencing factors, and construct a risk prediction model for dysphagia in hospitalized elderly patients with frailty.

The Multi-Objective Optimization of a Dual C-Type Gold Ribbon Interconnect Structure Considering Its Geometrical Parameter Fluctuation.

With the increasing demand for high integration, low cost, and large capacities in satellite systems, integrating the antenna and microwave component into the same system has become appealing to the satellite engineer. The dual C-type gold ribbon, performing as the key electromagnetic signal bridge between the microwave component and the antenna, has a significant impact on the electrical performance of satellite antennas. However, during its manufacturing and operating, the interconnection geometry undergoes deformation due to mounting errors and environmental loads.

Development and Biological Properties of a New Live Attenuated Mumps Vaccine Strain.

: This study aimed to develop a new attenuated live mumps vaccine strain and determine its biological properties and effectiveness. : Plaque purification and amplification were performed in chicken embryo cells. Candidate live attenuated mumps MuV-365 strain sequencing was performed.

Farrerol confers neuroprotection in spinal cord injury by regulating macrophages/microglia polarization through the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.

Background And Aims: Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes secondary damage characterized by neuroinflammation and imbalanced macrophages/microglia polarization, worsening neuronal loss and functional decline. Farrerol (FAR), a natural flavonoid with anti-inflammatory properties, has not been studied for SCI treatment. This work assesses FAR's neuroprotection through macrophages/microglia polarization regulation and explores its mechanisms.

A Vision Method for Detecting Citrus Separation Lines Using Line-Structured Light.

The detection of citrus separation lines is a crucial step in the citrus processing industry. Inspired by the achievements of line-structured light technology in surface defect detection, this paper proposes a method for detecting citrus separation lines based on line-structured light. Firstly, a gamma-corrected Otsu method is employed to extract the laser stripe region from the image.

Hemorrhagic shock and reperfusion induced cognitive impairment through HIF3α/SIRT1.

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion induces hippocampal neuronal apoptosis, resulting in cognitive impairment. Hypoxia-inducible factor 3α (HIF3α), a transcription factor involved in apoptosis, plays a crucial role in multiple cognitive disorders. However, the role of HIF3α in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion remains unclear.

Identification and expression analysis of sex-related genes in the pine wood nematode insect vector Monochamus saltuarius (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae).

Sex determination in insects is a product of long-term evolutionary selection, characterized by intricate and highly variable mechanisms across different taxa. The Sakhalin pine sawyer, Monochamus saltuarius, has recently been recognized as a vector for the pine wood nematode in China. However, the candidate genes and molecular mechanisms underlying sex determination in M.

Transition metal-catalysed asymmetric umpolung reactions of electron-deficient π-unsaturated systems.

The umpolung reaction of electrophilic π-unsaturated compounds represents a powerful strategy to reverse inherent polarity, enabling unconventional bond formations. While organic σ-Lewis base catalysts are classically utilised, in this feature article, recent advances in the low valent transition metal-mediated asymmetric umpolung reactions of diverse electron-poor unsaturated systems, usually in a diene form, are reviewed, proceeding through either an oxidative cyclometallation or a π-Lewis base activation mechanism. The contents are organised according to transition metal categories, with emphasis on catalytic mechanisms, regio- and stereoselectivity control, and limitations.

Identification and visualization of fusion gene subtypes in APL using spatial attention mechanisms in vision models.

Introduction: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) features leukemic cell differentiation arrest at the promyelocytic stage, mainly due to the t (15;17), (q24; q21) translocation that forms the PML-RARA fusion protein. Variant RARα translocations, with distinct biological traits and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) responses, often cause misdiagnosis and lengthy genetic testing.

Methods: To solve these problems, we propose a spatial attention mechanism-enhanced convolutional neural network integrating ResNet Blocks and a spatial attention module (CNN with spatial attention), which can achieve high-precision identification of APL fusion gene subtypes and pixel-level visualization of key areas.

Mapping the research landscape of immune response in human brucellosis: a bibliometric analysis.

Introduction: bacteria are adept at evading the human immune system, leading to a chronic infectious disease known as brucellosis, which poses significant global health challenges. This study addresses a notable gap in bibliometric analyses concerning the immune response to brucellosis.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature screening from the Web of Science Core Collection, covering publications from 1980 to 2024.

Berberine-loaded mesoporous silica nanomaterials inhibit pancreatic cancer targeting cancer stem cells.

Objectives: To investigate the anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) effect of mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with berberine (MSN-BBR) both in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: Disulfide-bridged MSN loaded with berberine (BBR) was synthesized and characterized. The study assessed the anti-PDAC effect and the impact on the stemness of pancreatic cancer stem cells (PCSCs) in Panc1 cells and mice.

[Relationship of GSTP1 and XRCC1 gene polymorphisms with chemotherapy sensitivity and prognosis of prostate cancer].

Objective: To explore the relationship of glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) and X-ray repair cross-complementation group 1 (XRCC1) gene polymorphisms with chemotherapy sensitivity and prognosis in patients with prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: A total of 103 PCa patients underwent androgen-deprivation therapy + double-agent chemotherapy from May 2018 to May 2021. We collected the clinical data from the patients, determined their genotypes using the PCR-PFLP method, analyzed the association of the locus polymorphisms of GSTP1-rs1695 and XRCC1-rs25487 with chemotherapy sensitivity, and investigated the correlation of GSTP1 and XRCC1 gene polymorphisms with the 3-year survival rate of the patients.

The Relationship and Mechanism of CD27 with Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease.

CD27, as a member of the immune checkpoints (IC), is physiologically expressed on various immune cells, with CD70 being its only known ligand. Together, they play a significant role in the co-stimulation and activation of T and B cells, regulating the body's immune response. Currently, the CD27/CD70 pathway shows great potential in the clinical treatment of tumors.

Discovery-Replication Strategy Identifies Serum Metabolite Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer in a Chinese Cohort.

Early diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is difficult to achieve. The use of serum metabolites may be a noninvasive diagnostic method for CRC; however, few studies have examined this method in China. This study aimed to analyze serum metabolite alterations and their diagnostic value for CRC in a Chinese cohort.

Force-dependent development of the myodural bridge in rats: The impact of Integrin α7.

The myodural bridge (MDB) represents specialized fibrous structures establishing connectivity between suboccipital musculature and the spinal dura mater (SDM). The suboccipital muscles, ligaments, and myodural bridge fibers together form a functional unit known as the myodural bridge complex (MDBC). Mechanical stress from suboccipital muscles may contribute to MDB maturation.

Advances in the Epigenetic Mechanisms of Diabetic Nephropathy Pathogenesis.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most severe microvascular complications of diabetes and a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). While traditional research has linked the onset of DN to factors such as metabolic dysregulation, inflammation, and oxidative stress, these mechanisms alone fail to fully explain the complex pathological features and individual variability of DN. In recent years, epigenetic research has provided new insights, revealing the critical roles of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs in the development of DN.

Exploring the variations in the properties of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash in CO sequestration in ammonium salt solutions assisted by ball milling and ultrasonic treatment.

Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI FA) has been used for CO sequestration, but the synergistic effects of mechanical and ammonium salt treatment on both sequestration efficiency and treatment safety require further study. This study proposed an integrated approach that combined ball milling, ultrasound, and ammonium salt treatment to enhance CO sequestration efficiency in FA while significantly reducing heavy metal content, thereby ensuring its safe recycling and utilization. The results demonstrated that optimal CO sequestration efficiency and minimal heavy metal leaching were achieved when using (NH)HPO (40 g/L), (NH)PO (60 g/L), and CHCOONH (40 g/L).

Lithium Lactate Modified Polyolefin Separators for High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries.

As the fast-paced evolution of high energy density rechargeable batteries continues, the lower lithium ion (Li) mobility of polyolefin separators has become a major bottleneck in the adoption of lithium metal electrodes. With undesired Li-anion solvated structures in the electrolyte, previous separator modification strategies are generally confronted with the dilemma of concurrently enhancing the Li transference number and reducing the anion transference number, as well as overall conductivity. Here, a strategy are reported to prepare high-performance separators with polyolefin separators coated by lactic acid lithium with the assistance of dopamine hydrochloride and triethanolamine, which can achieve a stable LMB operation at 1 C for 600 cycles with a capacity retention of 92%, substantially outperforming pristine PP separator.

Nanobodies in Immunoanalysis: From Molecular Engineering to Advanced Detection Strategies for Foodborne Natural Toxins.

Natural toxins in food pose significant health risks, such as cancer, deformities, etc., demanding efficient and accurate surveillance techniques. Immunoassays become reliable alternatives to traditional chromatographic technologies for rapid, routine, and large-scale detection of natural toxins, but their performance depends highly on antibodies used, which are limited by stability issues and productions challenge.

Intraoperative ultrasound-guided wire(IOUS-wire) localization biopsy versus preoperative fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) for early breast cancer with clinically positive nodes, a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The false-negative rate (FNR) of fine needle aspiration (FNA) for clinically positive (suspicious) lymph nodes (LNs) remains excessively high.

Methods: We compared the feasibility and diagnostic efficiency of using a novel procedure to FNA for the assessment of clinically positive nodes in patients with early breast cancer. Between 1 January 2015 and 30 September 2023, 198 consecutive patients who consented to undergo axillary biopsy were referred to either the intraoperative ultrasound-guided wire localization group (IOUS-wire) or the ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration group (US-FNAC).

Efficient photoproduction of a high-value sesquiterpene pentalenene from the green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Microalgae can convert CO into energy-rich bioproducts through photosynthesis, emerging as promising platforms for sustainable and light-driven terpenoid production. Pentalenene, a tricyclic sesquiterpene originally identified as an antibiotic metabolite in Streptomyces species, has recently emerged as a promising candidate for advanced aviation fuels. However, pentalenene biosynthesis does not naturally occur in photosynthetic microorganisms, limiting its cost-effective production.

DNMT1 blocks SOX21-repressed CKS2 transcription to promote gastric cancer progression.

Background: The dysregulation of SOXs is related to tumor invasion, metastasis, proliferation, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. This research sought to investigate the function and mechanisms of SOX21 in gastric cancer (GC).

Methods: Multiple databases were included to determine the hub transcription factors in GC.

Structural Insights into Trehalose-6-Phosphate Phosphorylase and Its Role in Trehalose 6-Phosphate Biosynthesis via a Multienzyme Cascade.

Trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P) is a critical metabolic signaling molecule in plants, orchestrating diverse biological processes, including stress resistance and photosynthetic efficiency. Recent advancements highlight its promising role in improving crop yield. However, the efficient synthesis of Tre6P remains a major challenge.

The short-term effects of spiral stabilization on human posture correction.

Background: Changes in human posture directly impact the structures of various body parts, often leading to musculoskeletal disorders. While identifying suitable treatments for pain associated with long-term postural abnormalities is important, preventing such conditions is demonstrably a superior solution. Spiral stabilization, known for its practical application, has proven effective in treating low back pain.

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterisation of Aquaporins in the Marine Higher Plant Zostera japonica and Their Response to the Intertidal Environment.

Zostera japonica mainly lives in the intertidal zone and is susceptible to fluctuations in abiotic stresses, making it an excellent natural model for studying plant response mechanisms in intertidal environments. Aquaporins (AQPs) play important roles in water uptake, growth and development, and stress regulation. However, studies on the functions of the AQPs of Z.