Exploring rituximab efficacy in systemic lupus erythematosus with pulmonary hemorrhage: a retrospective case series from a single center.

Objectives: Pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) represents a rare complication in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this study, we conducted a thorough investigation into the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment modalities, and outcomes of patients with SLE-associated PH at our medical center. Additionally, a comparative analysis of clinical and laboratory parameters before and after rituximab therapy were performed to assess its efficacy in the management of SLE-associated PH.

Four novel genetic mutations are associated with patent foramen ovale in Tibetan population using whole exome sequencing.

Objective: Patent foramen ovale (PFO), a prevalent congenital cardiac defect, is linked to clinical conditions such as cryptogenic stroke and migraine. The genetic underpinnings of PFO remain poorly elucidated, particularly in Tibet. This study aimed to identify potential pathogenic mutations in Tibetan PFO patients via whole exome sequencing (WES) to clarify its genetic basis.

Isolation of Mutants Overproducing Mannitol Directly from CO via Laboratory Evolution under Increasing Salt Concentration.

Mannitol is a naturally occurring C(6) polyol with a wide range of applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. In a previous study, mannitol production was achieved via the direct conversion of CO in sp. PCC6803.

Lats1/2 Differentially Modulate the Proliferative State of Dental Epithelial Progenitors and Ameloblasts in the Murine Incisor.

Objective(s): Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) is a critical regulator of cell proliferation and differentiation, having the capacity to convert differentiated cells into somatic stem cells in several contexts. Here we investigate the plasticity of adult mouse dental epithelial cells by testing the effects of ectopic YAP activation in dental epithelial progenitors and differentiated ameloblasts during incisor renewal.

Materials And Methods: Using mice with dental epithelial deletion of Lats1 and Lats2, which encode negative regulators of YAP, we assessed how ectopic YAP activation altered tissue structure, cell proliferation, and differentiation via histological analysis, EdU/BrdU labeling, and immunostaining.

Transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 3-mediated lipid metabolism reprogramming impairs CD8 T-cell cytotoxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Recent evidence has highlighted immune checkpoint inhibitors as among the most promising immunotherapies for various malignancies. However, a significant proportion of HCC patients exhibit poor responses. Lipid metabolic heterogeneity is considered a key driver of cancer progression.

Concentrated Zwitterion Interfaces for Selective Promotion of Electrochemical Hydroxide Oxidation.

The electrode/electrolyte interfacial structure is a seminal component that governs the activity of electrocatalytic water splitting, providing alternative approaches to electrocatalyst design. Herein, we demonstrate that a dense interface constituting of zwitterionic betaine could selectively accelerate the alkaline oxygen evolution reaction (OER) by 2 orders of magnitude in current. The hygroscopic betaine molecules not only bind water molecules strongly but also endow the underhydrated characteristics of the hydroxide anions that increase their activity coefficient.

Derivation of clinical-grade HLA-homozygous induced pluripotent stem cell line UNIONi001-A from umbilical cord blood of a Han Chinese male neonate.

The clinical-grade iPSC line UNIONi001-A is derived from HLA-homozygous (HLAh) umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs) of a healthy Han Chinese male neonate. Cells were reprogrammed using episomal plasmids with OCT3/4, SOX2, KLF4, c-MYC and BCL-XL. The iPSCs exhibited typical pluripotent stem cell morphology, expressed pluripotency markers, maintained a normal karyotype, and could differentiate into three germ layers, making them suitable for cell therapy research and clinical use.

Robust and Efficient Preservation of High-order Continuous Geometric Validity.

We propose a novel method to robustly and efficiently compute the maximum allowable step sizes so that the 3D high-order finite elements continuously preserve geometric validity when moving along the given directions with positive step sizes smaller than the computed ones. We transform the problem of finding the maximum allowable step sizes to one of solving roots of cubic polynomials. To use interval arithmetic to avoid numerical issues in cubic equation solving, we completely enumerate the roots of cubic polynomials and apply the interval version of the Newton-Raphson iteration.

A high lipid-soluble probe for ONOO recognition in the endoplasmic reticulum and imaging of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a highly damaging pathological process in stroke. In CIRI, ER stress is the main source of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and significantly contributes to neurological damage. Among ROS, peroxynitrite (ONOO) exhibits potent oxidative and nucleophilic properties.

Impact of regionally transported biomass burning on carbonaceous aerosol characterization, contribution and degradation in Pu'er, Southwest China.

Biomass burning (BB) emits carbonaceous aerosols that significantly influence air quality in Southwest China during spring. To further understand the characteristics of spring BB and its original contribution to organic carbon (OC), daily fine particulate matter (PM) samples were collected from March to May 2022 in Pu'er, Southwest China. The concentrations of OC, elemental carbon (EC), levoglucosan (Lev), and potassium from BB (K) during the study period ranged from 5.

Assessment of the PM characteristics and health risk of heavy metals from household solid fuel combustion on a plateau via multiscale particle analysis.

The elevated incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei, China, has been linked to emissions from solid fuel combustion. However, the combined impacts of plateau hypoxia and unique emission characteristics of rural residential environments remain inadequately studied. This study conducted continuous monitoring over eight consecutive days (8 h per day) during both summer and winter in rural households of Xuanwei.

Innovative antifungal strategies to combat drug-resistant : recent advances and clinical implications.

is an invasive fungal pathogen recognized globally as a significant health threat due to its marked resistance to multiple classes of antifungal agents, including azoles, echinocandins, and polyenes. The associated high morbidity and mortality rates present considerable public health challenges. Research efforts have largely focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms of antifungal resistance and developing alternative therapies to counteract this issue.

METTL1 drives glioma progression by promoting N7-methylguanosine (m7G) modification of glycolysis-related enzyme PGK1.

Glioma is a common brain malignancy with a poor prognosis. N7-methylguanosine (m7G) modification is involved in cancer progression, and methyltransferase 1 (METTL1) is a m7G methyltransferase. Here, we aimed to study the role of METTL1 in glioma and the potential mechanism.

Transition metal-catalysed asymmetric umpolung reactions of electron-deficient π-unsaturated systems.

The umpolung reaction of electrophilic π-unsaturated compounds represents a powerful strategy to reverse inherent polarity, enabling unconventional bond formations. While organic σ-Lewis base catalysts are classically utilised, in this feature article, recent advances in the low valent transition metal-mediated asymmetric umpolung reactions of diverse electron-poor unsaturated systems, usually in a diene form, are reviewed, proceeding through either an oxidative cyclometallation or a π-Lewis base activation mechanism. The contents are organised according to transition metal categories, with emphasis on catalytic mechanisms, regio- and stereoselectivity control, and limitations.

Palladium-Catalyzed Cascade Transformations of 1,4-Diyn-3-yl Carbonates to Construct Cyclobutane-Embedded Frameworks.

A palladium-catalyzed autotandem reaction between 1,4-diyn-3-yl carbonates and -functionalized activated alkenes is presented, proceeding through a sequential allenylation, vinylogous addition, and intramolecular propargylation process. A broad array of fused and spirocyclic architectures that include a cyclobutane motif are straightforwardly constructed in moderate to good yields with high regio- and diastereoselectivity.

DFusMol: predicting molecular properties based on dual-channel attention.

Accurate molecular property prediction is fundamental to modern drug discovery and materials design. However, prevailing computational methods are often insufficient, as they rely on single-granularity structural representations that fail to capture the hierarchical complexity of molecular systems. To address this challenge, we propose a new approach to molecular representation learning that incorporates structural information across multiple scales.

Circular RNAs in colorectal cancer: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic applications (Review).

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable, conserved non‑coding RNA molecules with key roles in gene regulation. Because of their tissue‑specific expression patterns and involvement in various cellular processes, circRNAs are relevant in cancer biology, specifically for colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis. The present review systematically examines the roles of circRNAs in CRC pathogenesis and their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CRC, focusing on the key circRNAs involved in CRC development and progression, their molecular mechanisms and clinical value, as well as advances in circRNA‑based therapeutic strategies and challenges in the clinical translation of circRNA application.

Theoretical analysis of an electrometer based on microwave-dressed Rydberg atoms using a quantum interferometer.

Rydberg atoms have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in the precise sensing microwave (MW) fields. Previous studies on Rydberg atom-based electrometers (RAEs) have predominantly focused on absorption measurements. Recently, phase-sensitive RAEs employing Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) have been demonstrated, though their performance remains constrained by the standard quantum limit (SQL).

Roadway roof stability grading method based on multi-index optimization.

Currently, most of the roadways adopt one support design strategy, which leads to high stress and insufficient support parameters in some crushed areas of the roadways and excess support parameters in some stable regions. There is an urgent need for a reliable method of grading the roadway perimeter rock to realize a reasonable support design for the whole area and cycle of the roadways. Taking Xiaobaodang No.

Polystyrene nanoplastics-induced methuosis in brain microvascular endothelial cells: Rescue via ESCRT membrane repair system.

Nanoplastic pollution has emerged as a significant environmental concern, with increasing evidence suggesting that these nanoparticles can disrupt the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and accumulate in the brain, ultimately leading to neurological impairment. However, the underlying mechanism for the toxic effects of nanoplastics on the BBB remain poorly understood. In this study, we explored the toxic effects of polystyrene nanoplastic (PSNP) on brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs), one of the most critical components for maintaining BBB integrity.

Radiomics-based machine learning for differentiating lung squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma using T1-enhanced MRI of brain metastases.

Objective: This study aims to develop and evaluate a radiomics-based machine learning model using T1-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features to differentiate between lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) in patients with brain metastases (BMs). While prior studies have largely focused on primary lung tumors, our work uniquely targets metastatic brain lesions, which pose distinct diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 173 patients with BMs from lung cancer were included, consisting of 88 with AC and 85 with SCC.

Sedimentary Environment and Organic Matter Enrichment of Lower Cambrian Niutitang Shales in Fenggang Area, Northern Guizhou: A Case Study of Well YF1.

The purpose of this research was to examine the paleoenvironment, hydrothermal activity, and restriction water condition of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation shale gas reservoir in northern Guizhou and analyze the controlling factors for organic matter enrichment. This investigation is based on the geochemical analyses of the total organic carbon (TOC) and major and trace elements from drill core samples of YF1 Well in Fenggang Area, Northern Guizhou. TOC of the Niutitang Formation is mainly distributed between 0.

Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms in Children and Adolescents Born Preterm or Low Birth Weight: A Meta-Analysis.

Preterm and low birth weight infants are at heightened risk for psychological and behavioral problems, yet prior meta-analyses have narrowly examined specific abnormalities, limiting insight into the broader development of internalizing and externalizing symptoms. This meta-analysis aimed to address this gap by estimating the magnitude of these risks compared to full-term infants. Searches were conducted in five databases: Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and PubMed.

Correction: Heterotypic neutrophil-in-tumor structure: a novel pathological feature first discovered in the tissues of OPSCC.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.