Pooled data from phase 3 clinical trials comparing the clinical activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam versus meropenem for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections.

Background: Ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) in combination with metronidazole is an active antimicrobial therapy used to treat complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs).

Methods: A comparison of the clinical efficacy of C/T plus metronidazole vs. meropenem for the treatment of cIAIs using pooled data from four phase 3 clinical studies (CXA-cIAI-10-08, CXA-cIAI-10-09, NCT02739997 and NCT03830333).

Integrating single-cell transcriptomics, molecular docking, and dynamics simulations to characterize protein kinase X-linked mechanisms in osteosarcoma.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) progression is linked to kinase allostery dysregulation, but PRKX's allosteric role remains unknown. We aimed to decode PRKX's activation mechanism and assess its clinical potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target.

Methods: Differential expression analysis confirmed PRKX's oncogenic role.

Global, regional, and national burden of high body-mass index-related cancers and associated preventable life expectancy loss from 1990 to 2021.

Background: A high Body Mass Index (BMI) is a key modifiable risk factor for cancer incidence. Therefore, it is essential to monitor the evolving trends and impact of cancer linked to high BMI and to formulate suitable strategies to address this issue. This study aims to analyze, from 1990 to 2021, the burden and temporal trends of cancer attributable to BMI as well as their impact on life expectancy, with major patterns highlighted by sex, socio-demographic index (SDI), and geographical region.

Preferential Texture of Surface Coating on Zn Anodes for Advanced Aqueous Batteries: Small Change but Big Gain.

Zinc metal, as the mainstream anode material of aqueous batteries, faces severe side reactions and notorious dendrite growth. Surface passivation of Zn anodes with a protective layer is one of the effective strategies to address these issues. The previous reports have focused on applying different components as surface layers while neglecting the impact of their crystallographic orientation on electrochemical performance.

Transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 3-mediated lipid metabolism reprogramming impairs CD8 T-cell cytotoxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Recent evidence has highlighted immune checkpoint inhibitors as among the most promising immunotherapies for various malignancies. However, a significant proportion of HCC patients exhibit poor responses. Lipid metabolic heterogeneity is considered a key driver of cancer progression.

Identification of Cembrane Diterpenoids from sp. That Reduce the Viability of Diffuse Pleural Mesothelioma Cell Lines.

Diffuse pleural mesothelioma (DPM) is a rare but aggressive late-onset cancer. A high-throughput screen of a natural product fraction library identified fractions derived from an aqueous extract of sp. soft coral that reduced the viability of DPM cell lines.

Dienoic-Acid Coupling Effect Induced Hierarchical Interface for High-Performance Zinc Metal Batteries.

Rational pre-design of self-decomposed electrolyte additives to construct solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) for suppressing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and dendrite growth of zinc (Zn) anode confronts enormous challenges, especially for the in-depth understanding of structure-function relationship and the lack of reasonable design criteria. In this work, the dienoic-acid coupling effect is innovatively proposed to in-situ construct a hierarchical SEI layer (HSL) through the structural screening of a series of organic-acid molecules. Strong electron-withdrawing ability of dual carboxyl and metastable double bond can strengthen the self-decomposition tendency of trace electrolyte additive to form HSL via chemical and electrochemical reaction.

Efficacy and safety of CT-guided microwave ablation for stage I non-small cell lung cancer in elderly patients.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of MWA for patients aged ≥ 75 years with stage I NSCLC, and to explore the impacts of age and comorbidities on the long-term outcomes.

Methods: Patients with stage I NSCLC underwent MWA between November 2016 and December 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were stratified into two cohorts: ≥ 75 years and < 75 years.

Comparative Analysis of Hemodiafiltration Methods: Efficacy and Safety in Maintenance Hemodialysis.

BACKGROUND The removal of uremic toxins in patients with end-stage renal disease is most effectively achieved through hemodiafiltration (HDF). Mixed-dilution HDF (mix-HDF) is a novel technique that automatically adjusts the infusion ratio between pre-dilution HDF (pre-HDF) and post-dilution HDF (post-HDF) based on transmembrane pressure feedback, maximizing filtration without compromising ultrafiltration. This prospective single-center study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of mix-HDF with pre-HDF and post-HDF in patients on stable chronic hemodialysis.

A Multi-Constraint Co-Optimization LQG Frequency Steering Method for LEO Satellite Oscillators.

High-precision time-frequency systems are essential for low Earth orbit (LEO) navigation satellites to achieve real-time (RT) centimeter-level positioning services. However, subject to stringent size, power, and cost constraints, LEO satellites are typically equipped with oven-controlled crystal oscillators (OCXOs) as the system clock. The inherent long-term stability of OCXOs leads to rapid clock error accumulation, severely degrading positioning accuracy.

Core-Shell Structure of NiW@W Induced High Intrinsic Activity and Stability for Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation.

Hydrogen energy has attracted considerable attention due to its zero emissions and high conversion efficiency. However, the sluggish anodic kinetics in anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) necessitate the use of high-load platinum-group metal (PGM) catalysts, significantly increasing system cost. Herein, a nickel-based electrocatalyst of NiW@W with a unique core-shell structure is reported, which exhibits outstanding intrinsic activity with an electrochemical surface area-normalized exchange current density of 0.

Predictive Value of IDEAL-IQ and DWI Imaging Biomarkers for P53 Mutations in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: To investigate the application of imaging biomarkers, including R2*, Fat Fraction (FF) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, obtained through Iterative Decomposition of water and fat with Echo Asymmetry and Least-squares estimation for Imaging Quantification (IDEAL-IQ) and DWI techniques, in differentiating P53-mutated and non-mutated HCC.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study included patients with pathologically confirmed HCC between January 2019 and July 2024. HCC were divided into P53-mutated group and non-mutated group by immunostaining.

ACLY inhibition promotes tumour immunity and suppresses liver cancer.

Immunosuppressive tumour microenvironments are common in cancers such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)-driven hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (MASH-HCC). Although immune cell metabolism influences effector function, the effect of tumour metabolism on immunogenicity is less understood. ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) links substrate availability and mitochondrial metabolism with lipid biosynthesis and gene regulation.

Double gold nanowires photonic crystal fiber biosensor for refractive index detection.

In this paper, what we believe to be a novel photonic crystal fiber (PCF) biosensor with surface plasmonic double gold nanowires is proposed, which has specific square arranged air holes and two gold nanowires distributed symmetrically at the upper and lower ends, the refractive index (RI) sensitivity in near-infrared regime was numerically investigated through finite element method (FEM) simulations. In the RI range of 1.360 to 1.

Computed tomography-based radiomics prediction model for differentiating invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and pneumonia.

Background: and are important pathogens that cause fungal pulmonary infections. Because the manifestations of pneumonia (PJP) or invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) are difficult to differentiate on computed tomography (CT) images and the treatment of the two diseases is different, correct imaging for diagnosis is highly significant. The present study developed and validated the diagnostic performance of a CT-based radiomics prediction model for differentiating IPA from PJP.

PTEN-L dephosphorylates Parkin and Ub Ser65 to aggravate mitophagy dysfunction in prion disease cell models.

PINK1-Parkin-dependent mitophagy dysfunction is a critical contributor to the accumulation of damaged mitochondria in prion disease, leading to impaired autophagy and neurons apoptosis. However, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying mitophagy dysfunction in prion disease remain unclear. Phosphorylation of Parkin at Ser65 (pSer65-Parkin) is a key determinant for the initiation of PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy.

HISTONE LACTYLATION IN IMMUNE CELLS AND ITS PREDICTIVE ROLE IN SEPSIS PROGRESSION: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.

Background: Sepsis, a life-threatening condition caused by infection, induces dysregulated immune responses. Lactylation is a lactate-derived post-translational modification with roles in various cellular processes. We investigated lactylation levels in the immune cells of patients with sepsis and evaluated their association with disease progression.

High-Efficiency Hydrogen Oxidation for Hydroxide Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Catalyzed by Fivefold-Twinned Nickel Nanoparticles.

The independent regulation of multiple intermediates is critically important for optimizing the electronic structure of nickel (Ni), thereby improving its catalytic performance in the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). However, conventional regulation strategies based on the Hammer-Nørskov d-band model often change the hydrogen binding energy (HBE) and hydroxyl binding energy (OHBE) in a synchronized manner. Herein, we find that a catalyst consisting of fivefold-twinned ultrasmall Ni nanoparticles could tune HBE and OHBE individually via the strain effect.

A Drosophila model of prion disease and its metabolic changes in the brain.

Background: Prion diseases (PrDs) are fatal transmissible neurodegenerative disorders caused by misfolded prion protein, which is highly expressed in the brain. Drosophila has been employed as a model system for studying mammalian neurodegenerative diseases.

Methods: Drosophila transgenic for hamster prion protein (HaPrP) was generated by Valium20 transformation.

Structural characterization of novel extracellular polymer substances from an Alternaria sp. 17463 and their impact on soil metabolism.

Dark septate endophytes (DSE) are widely used in ecological restoration. In this study, we first discovered that the metabolic products of the DSE strain Alternaria sp. 17463 contain extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).

The importance of distinguishing between natural and managed tree cover gains in the moist tropics.

Naturally regenerated forests and managed tree systems provide different levels of carbon, biodiversity, and livelihood benefits. Here, we show that tree cover gains in the moist tropics during 1982-2015 were 56% ± 3% naturally regenerated forests and 27% ± 2.6% managed tree systems, with these differences in forest type, not only natural conditions (climate, soil, and topography), driving observed carbon recovery rates.

A multiregional multimodal machine learning model for predicting outcome of surgery for symptomatic hemorrhagic brainstem cavernous malformations.

Objective: Given that resection of brainstem cavernous malformations (BSCMs) ends hemorrhaging but carries a high risk of neurological deficits, it is necessary to develop and validate a model predicting surgical outcomes. This study aimed to construct a BSCM surgery outcome prediction model based on clinical characteristics and T2-weighted MRI-based radiomics.

Methods: Two separate cohorts of patients undergoing BSCM resection were included as discovery and validation sets.

Research on Enhanced Oil Recovery and In Situ Drag Reduction Mechanism of Janus Amphiphilic Carbon Nanotube Nanofluids.

Heavy oil reservoirs possess abundant reserves but currently exhibit low recovery efficiency, indicating significant untapped exploitation potential. This study developed a Janus amphiphilic carbon nanotube (JCMS18) nanoviscosity-reduction system (JC-F) by formulating laboratory-synthesized JCMS18 with cocamidopropyl betaine and sodium alcohol ether sulfate. Compared with existing nanofluid systems, the developed JC-F demonstrates superior performance at an ultralow concentration (0.

Machine learning-driven prediction of immune checkpoint inhibitor responses against cholangiocarcinoma: a bile biopsy perspective.

Background: The treatment of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) continues to face numerous clinical challenges, including the prediction of sensitivity to immunotherapy and the development of preoperative diagnostic models.

Methods: In this study, we aimed to address these challenges by collecting bile samples from CCA patients for metabolomic and microbiomic analyses. We also performed immunofluorescence (IF) staining on tissue formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks to assess the expression of relevant biomarkers.